Welcome to

History 01

Introduction to Western Civilization I

Pre-History to the Renaissance

Prof. Valadez

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Writing Assignment 1 (3-5 paraghs)

• Explain the contributions of Mesopotamia, the Israelites and the Greek city-states to the development of Western civilization. In your opinion which culture had the most profound impact on the West.

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Review • What is the aretê?

• When did the 1st Olympics begin?

• Who could compete in the Olympics?

• What is the Greek city-state called?

• How is the Greek city-state different from the city-state in Mesopotamia?

• In which Greek city-state did women have the most rights?

• What’s an oligarchy?

• Where do we see the first place to practice democrary?

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Questions for Discussions • Who are the authors?

• When was it written?

• What type of primary source are these? Who is the intended audience?

• What values are important in Tyratues’ poem?

• What threatens the city of Athens?

• What is the main message of Solon’s poem?

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Greek Civilization

• Minoans & Mycenaeans 2200 B.C.E-1000 B.C.E.

• Dark Ages 1000 B.C.E.-750 B.C.E.

• Rise of the City-State Polis 750 B.C.E.-500 B.C.E.

• Golden Age: Classical Age 500 B.C.E.-400 B.C.E.

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Greeks learned to write again 800 B.C.E.

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• Greek Dark Age : aretê = excellence earned by competing.

• Homer, Iliad & the Odyssey

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Olympics 776 B.C.E.

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Gods

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Polis: a Greek city-state that is an independent community of citizens inhabiting a city and the surrounding country side.

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Polis 750-500 B.C.E.

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Athena at Athens

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Hoplite Revolution

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Greek City-States

• Sparta 700-500 B.C.E.

– Oligarchy

– Helots – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v97o90bnUVs

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Greek City-States

• Corinth 657-585 B.C.E.

– Tyranny • Cypselus

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Athens 632-500 B.C.E.

• Tyranny then democracy

• Cleisthenes, “father of Democracy”

– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dwWocwd160

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Ionia 630-500 B.C.E.

• New explanations for natural events

• Thales of Miletus

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Wars between Persia and Greece

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Themistocles v.s. Xerxes I

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Battle of Thermopylae 480 B.C.E.

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Burning of Athens 480 B.C.E.

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Battle of Salamis 480 B.C.E. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ftl6hjmqSnA

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• Radical Democracy and Pericles’ Leadership, 461–431 B.C.E.

• All male citizens involved & direct democracy

• Equal protection under law, regardless of social class

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Athenian campaign disaster in Egypt

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• The Parthenon

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Hetairas

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Symposium

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Athens’s Golden Age

• Sophists

• Socrates on Ethics

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Herodotus Thucydides

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Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C.E.

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The Execution of Socrates, 399 B.C.E.

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Plato Aristotle

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