weight management and eating behaviors. hunger the body’s physical response to the need for food...
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 8
WEIGHT MANAGEMENT AND EATING BEHAVIORS
WHY DO YOU EAT?
Hunger The body’s physical response to the
need for foodAppetite Desire, rather than a need, to eat
certain types of food Triggered by sight or smell of food, time
of day, or time ofyear
WHAT FOODS DO YOU CHOOSE?
Smell and taste of food Mood Family traditions and ethnic background Social occasions Religious traditions Health concerns Advertising Cost and availabilityExamples: sandwiches for lunch, turkey at
thanksgiving, eating b/c we are bored/upset
BREAKFAST OF CHAMPS!!!
Most important meal of the day! Breakfast food gives quick source of
energy for your body & glucose for your brain
A mixed meal of carbs, protein, & fat such as yogurt, cereal, & fruit will keep you fuller and more energized longer
HOW MUCH ENERGY DO YOU NEED?
Your body needs most food energy for basic functions such as breathing, circulating blood, and growing
Basil Metabolic Rate(BMR)- minimum amount of energy needed to keep you alive when you are rested.
The more active you are, the more energy your body uses!
OVERWEIGHT-HAVING EXCESS BODY FAT Body fat is essential for health for
the following reasons: as an energy source, for insulation, protects the body’s internal organs.
Healthy amount of body fat for women=20-30%
Healthy amount of body fat for men= 12-20%
BEING OVERWEIGHT CAUSES HEALTH PROBLEMS
Heart disease and high blood pressure Certain forms of cancer, including
prostate, colon, and breast cancer Type 2 diabetes Sleeping problems such as sleep apnea
OBESITY-WEIGHS MORE THAN 20% ABOVE HIS/HER RECOMMENDED WEIGHT RANGE
More than 60% of adult Americans are overweight
30% of those are obese 2 main reasons why obesity is
increasing: Lack of physical activity-drive more
than we walk, play video games, watch more TV
Changing diet-we eat more food than we need to and eat more foods high in fat and sugar
Exercise & a Healthy Diet can help this problem
MAINTAINING A HEALTHY WEIGHT
Why do you weigh what you weigh? Heredity- passing down of traits from
parent to child Genes are pieces of DNA that control
your energy balance Body size Body shape Amount of body fat you haveHeredity passing these traits down to you,
but you can control how much food you put in your mouth and how much activity you engage in.
BODY COMPOSITION
Measure of the proportion of body weight that is made of fat tissue compared to bone and muscle
Percentage is affected by gender and age Women have a higher percentage of body
fat than men do Body fat percentage increases with age A person can have excess body
weight(overweight) but not be obese
A HEALTHY WEIGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN A program of sensible eating and exercise habits Weight loss of ½ pound to 1 pound per week is
recommended to prevent muscle loss. To lose a pound a week, you need to eat 500
fewer Calories each day or burn 500 more Calories each day.
Examples: Ride your bike instead of riding the bus, take the stairs instead of the elevator, or take your dog for a brisk walk instead of watching TV all night.
DANGEROUS WEIGHT-LOSS PRACTICES Fad diets-requires major changes in your
eating habits and promises quick results Adkins diet, southbeach diet, grapefruit diet
Diet pills No such safe drug exists Lost weight is regained when the drug is no
longer taken Surgery
Gastric bypass, lap band- very risky Only safe and reliable way to lose weight is
to balance food intake with your exercise!!!
EATING DISORDERS
Conditions that involve an unhealthy degree or concern about body weight and shape that leads to control weight by unhealthy means
Unhealthy means include starving oneself, overeating, vomiting, or abusing laxatives
Body image-how you see and feel about your appearance & how comfortable you are with your body
A healthy body image means you accept your body’s appearance and abilities
WHO DO EATING DISORDERS AFFECT Eating disorder often develop during
adolescence but are on the rise among athletes
Gymnasts, figure skaters, wrestlers, dancers, models, perfectionists, overachievers, and teens who have a difficult family life are among the most prevalent to experience eating disorders.
COMMON EATING DISORDERS
Anorexia nervosa-self starvation, distorted body image, low body weight
Bulimia nervosa-repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then either vomits or uses laxatives to rid the body of food
Binge eating-eating large amount of food in one sitting
Purging-vomiting or misusing laxatives to rid body of food
ANOREXIA NERVOSA Signs & symptoms:
Intense fear of gaining weight Overexercising Preferring to eat alone Obsession with Calories Extreme weight loss Loss of menstrual periods for at least 3
months Hair loss on head Depression and anxiety Weakness and exhaustion
BULIMIA NERVOSA
Signs & symptoms: Obsession with body weight Bingeing with or without purging Bloodshot eyes and sore throat Dental problems Irregular menstrual problems Depression and mood swings Feeling out of control At least 2 bulimic episodes per week for at
least 3 months.
BINGE EATING DISORDER
Signs & symptoms: Above-normal body weight Bingeing episodes accompanied by
feelings of guilt, shame, and loss of control
All of these disorders can only be truly diagnosed and treated by professional help from physicians, psychologists, and nutritionists.
ANOREXIA NERVOSA
BULIMIA NERVOSA
BINGE EATING DISORDER
PREVENTING FOOD-RELATED ILLNESSES Embarrassing digestive problems:
Gas=flatulence Diarrhea-frequent watery stools
Caused by infections, medications, or reaction to foods
Prolonged diarrhea can lead to dehydration Constipation-difficulty having bowel
movements or having dry, hard stools Caused by a low fiber diet Can be prevented by increasing amount of fiber in
diet, exercising, and drinking lots of water
PREVENTING FOOD-BORNE ILLNESS
Cross contamination-transfer of contaminants from one food to another
To reduce risk of cross contamination: Replace and wash dishcloths and hand towels
frequently Keep your refrigerator at 41 degrees
farenheight Wash your hands, cooking utensils, and
surfaces with warm soapy water between each food preparation step
Cook food to recommended temperatures and time