Weekly Warm Up• What is a mixture?

• What are the two types of mixtures?

• What is a solution?

• Give an example of a solution.

A substance made up of two or more substances that can be easily separated by physical means.

• Homogeneous• Heterogeneous

A homogenous mixture contains two or more substances blended uniformly. (evenly throughout ie. Looks the same)

• Salt water, vanilla ice cream, brass, air

Solutions

IPC - Chapter 21

What makes solutions so special?What makes solutions so special?

The ocean is a solution. Our cells are made of solutions. Some flavorful foods we love are tasty

because of solutions. Solutions have properties that are

different from their separate parts…

A solution is…a _____________ mixture composed of a _______ and one ______ or many solutes.

The solvent is the substance present in the greatest amount. It does the dissolving.

The solute is the substance there is less of. It is dissolved.

A ________ can exist as a solid, liquid or gas. Air (g) is a solution. Steel (s) is a solution called an

_____.

What are solutions?What are solutions?

homogeneous homogeneous solvent solvent solute solute

solution solution

alloyalloy

These are solutions:These are solutions:

Can anything make a solution?Can anything make a solution?_______ – describes a solute that can be dissolved into

a solvent. Ex: Salt is soluble in water.

_________ – describes a substance that CANNOT be dissolved by a solvent. Ex: Sand is insoluble in water.

What about two liquids?________ – two liquids that are soluble in each other.

Ex: Water and alcohol ___.__________ – two liquids that do not mix.

Ex: Oil and water are immiscible.

InsolubleInsoluble

SolubleSoluble

MiscibleMiscible

ImmiscibleImmisciblemixmix

How do things dissolve?How do things dissolve?

Dissolving is a ________ process. Polar solvents can “pull” the ions in an ionic

compound apart. For covalent molecules, intermolecular forces are

disrupted by the solvent. ““LikeLike dissolvesdissolves likelike””The process of solute particles being surrounded by

solvent particles is called ____________.Water is the _________ _______!

Metal & NM

NM only

Cation (+) & Anion (-)

physicalphysical

SOLVATIONSOLVATIONuniversal solventuniversal solvent

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=EBfGcTAJFo

Factors that affect the RATE of Factors that affect the RATE of solvationsolvation::

Particle Size The _______ the solute particles are, the

_____ they will dissolve.

Shaken…or stirred _________, shaking or stirring, of the

solution __________ the rate of solvation.

Temperature The _______ the ______ ______ of the

solvent particles, the _______ it can dissolve a solute.

smallersmallerfasterfaster

AgitationAgitationincreasesincreases

fasterfasterhigherhigher kinetic energykinetic energy

(Surface Area)(Surface Area)

(measure of kinetic energy)(measure of kinetic energy)

Warm-Up: Self Test #1 of 5

Self-Test #1Answer: F

Oxygen is partially negative

Self-Test #2Answer: B

Concept: aqueous solutions are more dense than water

Rate of Solvation – TAKS Questions

Answers: Rate of Solvation

3. Question #10Answer: J

4. Questions #16Answer: F

5. Question #17Answer: A

http://water.org/news/lesson-plans/

Weekly Warm Up

• What is a solute?

• What is a solvent?

• What factors increase SOLVATION?

Intro: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RMqsvJeN8b8

The substance(s) that are being dissolved; least amount.

The substance that is dissolving; greatest amount.

1. Size of solute 2. Stir, mix, shake = 3. Increase Temperature

(i.e. Surface area)Agitate

Gas Solubility Lab: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3j9HAsoV5Q

Acidic Solution via Dry Ice (CO2) Demohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pu_OhvLwcaU