week 6 -- formulating strategy -- teams and dyads -- student copy

7/27/2019 Week 6 -- Formulating Strategy -- Teams and Dyads -- Student Copy

1/13

KNOWLEDGE FOR ACTION

FORMULATING STRATEGY: TEAMS

AND DYADS

Professo r Drew Carton

Mgm t 101 Lec tu re: Week 6, Fall 2013


2/13

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=CoXemUcklcUH_M&tbnid=gZqB97j9N8-OXM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.theverge.com/2013/9/21/4755696/blackberry-co-founder-mike-lazaridis-reportedly-considering-bid&ei=hlZXUoLcOMzC4APJtoHoDQ&bvm=bv.53899372,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNEZiJs9n_s6pzfk3DYXqOONgLO4Mw&ust=1381541893175448http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lFdXPJquW0cDgM&tbnid=j835zdhKOZqW0M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.cio.com/article/698500/10_Things_to_Know_About_RIM_s_New_CEO_Thorsten_Heins&ei=T1ZXUvntEJGo4APx_YDADg&bvm=bv.53899372,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNHFhcrmy0G_rrLuB-QeGdP71M32PQ&ust=1381541835825767http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=k7q8vFr44viWBM&tbnid=3j4MLqF4x0S1LM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://siliconangle.com/blog/2012/05/08/rim-appoints-new-coo-and-cmo-amidst-product-turmoil/kristian-tear-frank-boulben/&ei=HD1XUproC-3i4APhl4DgAQ&bvm=bv.53899372,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNHeC_790WrCySYQBW6dR2k_Cqp-Sw&ust=1381535372906575


3/13


Strategy ImplementationStrategy Formulation

Individual

level

Dyadic

Level

Team

level

Unit

level

Organizational

level


4/13


...I have one goal: to MAXIMIZE YOUR LONG-TERM RETENTION OF THE MATERIAL.

INFORMATION RETAINED IN THE SHORT-TERM = MOSTLY USELESS.

INFORMATION RETAINED IN THE LONG-TERM = KNOWLEDGE!!!

1. Depth of content, breadth of approach

2. Schema fitting!

You have several goals:

Learning, grades, job

Leave negotiation case at your desk at the end of class. Please do not take it with

you! Also, please do not write on the case. Thank you!


5/13


FORMULATING STRATEGY IN GROUPS: MANAGINGBASED ON HOW WE THINK

Theory

Groups favor knowledge shared by the majority of members

Representative study

Hidden profiles (Stasser & Titus, 1985)

Example

Evaluating job candidates after

one-on-ones and group interviews

Application

Design teams with multiple knowledge subgroups


6/13


FORMULATING STRATEGY IN GROUPS: MANAGINGBASED ON WHAT WE HAVE

When we have power and/or authority

Theory

There is a tradeoff between efficiency

and effectiveness

Representative research:

Hierarchy and effectiveness(Damanpour, 1991)

Example

IDEO

Application

Strike the appropriate balance when

determining decision making rules

When we do not have power and/or authority

Theory

Power in numbers

Representative research

Coalition building (Finkelstein, 1992)

Example

Citi-bank

ouster

Application

Coalitions will often allow you to

accumulate more clout than

individual efforts


7/13KNOWLEDGE FOR ACTION

FORMULATING STRATEGY IN GROUPS: MANAGINGBASED ON WHO WE ARE

Theory

The prospect of speaking out creates extreme anxiety for many people


Asch (1951)

Example

Arthur Schlessinger, Jr. and the Bay of Pigs

Application

Assign a devils advocate
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=78dFEfjUmIHLgM&tbnid=eXc9pCpQrw_AjM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/07/books/review/Dowd-t.html?pagewanted%3Dall&ei=RIlZUrOyD8yi4AOnt4CACA&bvm=bv.53899372,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNHEtbJ4Qjotcp9TPZLefuP3iC4-kg&ust=1381685885156001



FORMULATING STRATEGY IN GROUPS: PUTTING ITALL TOGETHER

Representative topic

Brainstorming

Examples

IDEO Blackberry

Application

1. allow people to first brainstorm independently managing based on how we think

2. do not evaluate during initial phase of brainstorming

managing based on who we are + how we think

3. when you have power, do not make a final decision too quickly

managing based on what we have + how we think
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vM3wVtFgTc7RNM&tbnid=WG-gvMQ6l4qqYM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.designsojourn.com/7-ways-to-unleashing-your-creativity/&ei=j4pZUoXnKPGq4APCj4CgDA&bvm=bv.53899372,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNFPdcr6qZPCZcyB7nKLX2exIdoR1w&ust=1381686273101794



Strategy ImplementationStrategy Formulation

Individual

level

Dyadic

Level

Team

level

Unit

level

Organizational

level



FORMULATING STRATEGY IN DYADS: MANAGINGBASED ON HOW WE THINK

Theory

Our judgments are biased if we do not reach an independent judgment

before hearing someone elses judgment

Representative research

Mental contamination (Wilson & Brekke, 1994)

Example

Class exercise

Application

Ensure independent judgments

Average

Two heads are better than onebut only when theyre two independent

heads

O



FORMULATING STRATEGY IN DYADS: MANAGINGBASED ON WHAT WE HAVE

When we have power or authority

Theory

More powerful are less likely to

incorporate others opinions

Representative Study

Power and perspective taking (Tostet al., 2011)

Example

Kevin Sharer

Application

To re-calibrate toward the opinion

of others, use a comprehension

focus rather than a persuasive

focus or an evaluation focus

When we do not have power or authority

Representative study De Dreu et al. (2000)

Example

Sinai Peninsula

Application

Expand your understanding of what

is being negotiated
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=8MFOvcX-jzz1vM&tbnid=GhgPeysL4oXd7M:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://www.darden.virginia.edu/web/Alumni/Power-of-Philanthropy/Faculty-Support-and-Curriculum-Development/Initiative-for-Business-in-Society/&ei=aJVZUuqlDNOt4AO9uoHgDA&psig=AFQjCNFXwTbvZI0MlSWY2b9kU_QTVKsNuQ&ust=1381689064243178



FORMULATING STRATEGY IN DYADS: MANAGINGBASED ON WHO WE ARE

Theory

People seek advice from those who are most similar to them, even whenthis similarity is not based on expertise


McDonald & Westphal, 2003

Example

Observational research on homophily (McPherson, 2001)

Application

Seek out those who are different from you



FORMULATING STRATEGY IN DYADS: PUTTING ITALL TOGETHER

Representative topic

Knowledge seeking

Example

Collaboration in science

Application

Target someone who is different from youresist the temptation to seek out

ingroup members

who we are

The more powerful person will have more say in how to use information

what we have

If you have more power, calibrate the way that the perspectives of (1) you and (2)

the person you are seeking knowledge from are blended

what we have + how we think

week 6 -- formulating strategy -- teams and dyads -- student copy

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