week 5 powerpoint chapter 45
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Chapter 45
Structure and Function of the Skin
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Healthy Skin
• Epidermis
• Basement membrane
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous tissue
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Question
True or false:
Subcutaneous tissue is also known as the hypodermis.
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
True
Because it lies deep to/underneath/below the dermis, the subcutaneous tissue is also referred to as the hypodermis.
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Epidermal Cells
• Keratinocytes
• Melanocytes
• Langerhans cells (macrophages)
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Dermis and Subcutaneous Tissue
• Dermis
– Provides support and nutrition
• Subcutaneous Tissue
– Provides support, insulation, energy store
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Question
In which layer of the skin are most of its structures contained?
a. Cutaneous
b. Epidermis
c. Dermis
d. Hypodermis
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
c. Dermis
The epidermis contains many layers of keratinized squamous epithelium and melanocytes (that produce pigment); the hypodermis contains lots of blood vessels and fatty tissue; the dermis contains most of the stuctures (hair, sweat glands, piloerector muscles, immune cells, blood vessels, and neurons).
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Question
True or false:
Sebacious glands are a type of sweat gland.
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
False
Sebaceous glands are oil producing glands that are adjacent to hair follicles. Sweat glands include apocrine (these glands also join a hair follicle, producing thicker sweat) and eccrine/merocrine glands. Eccrine sweat glands are the most numerous (you have around 4 million); they open directly to a sweat pore on the skin’s surface.
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Parts of a fingernail • Nails are hardened, keratinized plates
• End product of dead matrix cells pushed outward from the nail matrix
• Changes or abnormalities in nails can be diagnostic
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Description of skin abnormalities
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Manifestations of Skin Disorders
“No two skin disorders look alike”
• Rashes – usually temporary eruptions
• Lesions – loss of tissue continuity, structure or function
– Blisters
– Calluses
– Telangiectases
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Pruritis
• Most commonly occurs with skin disorders
• May also be a symptom of a systemic disorder such as:
– Chronic kidney disease
– Diabetes
– Biliary disease
• For some patients it may be so severe as to completely disrupt their quality of life