week 10 chapter 7: the construction of news. what is it? is it possible?
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
COMM 112: Communication Theory
Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News
![Page 2: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectivity
What is it?
Is it possible?
![Page 3: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Manufactured representations
What we read, view, or listen to is not a neutral account of the
world, but one or more particular versions, or representations
![Page 4: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
News Filtering
Event 1
Event 3
Event 2 Selection Construction
News representations
of selected events
Agenda Setting Theory
FramingTheory
![Page 5: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
News makers, gatekeepers
Who makes decisions about what issues are important to you?
Journalists and others must select which events to cover and which to exclude- a process that is largely invisible to the public. By making such
decision, news organizations act as gatekeepers.
![Page 6: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Agenda Setting Theory
The mass media have the ability to transfer the salience of issues on other news agenda to the public agenda. Maxwell McCombs and
Donald Shaw
![Page 7: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Agenda Setting Theory
1968 study, 1972 published
“Chapel Hill Study”
Found a correlation between the amount of coverage devoted to an issue in the media and the level of importance attributed to it by the public
![Page 8: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Media Agenda
The pattern of news coverage across major print and
broadcast media as measured by the prominence
and length of stories.
![Page 9: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
News Values
Johan Galtung and Mari Ruge (1973) identified eight criteria by which we determine
what events to cover:
1. Frequency (aka, timeliness)2. Amplitude (aka, significance)3. Clarity (easy to understand)4. Cultural proximity (ethnocentrism)5. Predictability (fits our expectations)6. Unexpectedness (aka, novelty)7. Continuity (aka, recurrence)8. Composition (“fits” with other news)
![Page 10: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is considered “most important?”
Must be one of the first three stories in 30 minute newscast
Must be “headlined” at the top of the hour on 24-hr. news
Any story that runs longer than 45 seconds is considered “important”
TELEVISION NEWS
![Page 11: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What is considered “most important?”
NEWSPAPERS
Headlines ‘above the fold’
If significant art accompanies
Three or more columns (or over 15 column inches)
Corresponding attention on op-ed page
![Page 12: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What is considered “most important?”
ONLINE
Top of page
Multiple links
Imagery
Section header
![Page 13: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Limitations of Agenda Setting?
Who sets the agenda?
Business interests?
Lobbyists interest?
Public relations people?
Awareness of audience?
informational needs?
![Page 14: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Framing Theory
Erving Goffman: Frame Analysis
Journalists construct news by deciding: what facts to include or emphasize what sources to interview/include
what words and images to use
These choices combine to create a frame.
Frames: supports the story
determines what belongs inside tells the audience what is important
![Page 15: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Framing Theory
![Page 16: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Framing Theory
![Page 17: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Framing
![Page 18: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Class Exercise
What was the media’s agenda today?
![Page 19: Week 10 Chapter 7: The Construction of News. What is it? Is it possible?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bff51a28abf838cbdbb1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Next Time:
Teach-a-Theory workshop!