week 1 nature of global conflict
DESCRIPTION
What has been the nature of global conflict since 1991?TRANSCRIPT
Week 1 - IntroGlobal Conflicts
after The Cold War
week 1 Key question
What has been the nature of global conflict
since 1991?
The cold war
The cold war
The cold war
The cold war
The cold war
No shooting! But if you do...I will too!
key points about the cold war
key points about the cold war
1945 - 1989-91 (end of WWII to the break up of the USSR)
major tension between US and USSR and their allies
coalitions with other countries (eg: USSR & China, USA & NATO nations)
space race
massive nuclear arms race
Causes and nature of conflict in the post
cold war world
COnflict
COnflict
What is conflict?
COnflict
What is conflict?
COnflict
What is conflict?
COnflict
What is conflict?
COnflict
What is conflict?
COnflict
What is conflict?
What causes conflict?
What causes conflict?
tension
What causes conflict?
tension
nationalist
What causes conflict?
tension
nationalist
economic
What causes conflict?
tension
nationalist
economic
religious
What causes conflict?
tension
nationalist
ethnic
economic
religious
What causes conflict?
tension
nationalist
regional
ethnic
economic
religious
Phase 1 - 1990-2001
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
End of eight year war with Iran left Iraq with economic problems
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
End of eight year war with Iran left Iraq with economic problems
Claimed Kuwait flooding oil market and theft of Iraqi oil. Invaded Kuwait and took control of 20% of
world’s oil
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
End of eight year war with Iran left Iraq with economic problems
Claimed Kuwait flooding oil market and theft of Iraqi oil. Invaded Kuwait and took control of 20% of
world’s oilSaddam Hussein declared Kuwait to be
Iraq’s 19th province
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
End of eight year war with Iran left Iraq with economic problems
Broad coalition of Arab and Western states formed to oust Iraq
Claimed Kuwait flooding oil market and theft of Iraqi oil. Invaded Kuwait and took control of 20% of
world’s oilSaddam Hussein declared Kuwait to be
Iraq’s 19th province
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
End of eight year war with Iran left Iraq with economic problems
Broad coalition of Arab and Western states formed to oust Iraq
Claimed Kuwait flooding oil market and theft of Iraqi oil. Invaded Kuwait and took control of 20% of
world’s oil
17 January 1991 - Operation Desert Storm26 February - withdrawal of Iraqi troops
Saddam Hussein declared Kuwait to be Iraq’s 19th province
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
End of eight year war with Iran left Iraq with economic problems
Broad coalition of Arab and Western states formed to oust Iraq
Claimed Kuwait flooding oil market and theft of Iraqi oil. Invaded Kuwait and took control of 20% of
world’s oil
17 January 1991 - Operation Desert Storm26 February - withdrawal of Iraqi troops
What sort of tension?
Saddam Hussein declared Kuwait to be Iraq’s 19th province
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
End of eight year war with Iran left Iraq with economic problems
Broad coalition of Arab and Western states formed to oust Iraq
Claimed Kuwait flooding oil market and theft of Iraqi oil. Invaded Kuwait and took control of 20% of
world’s oil
17 January 1991 - Operation Desert Storm26 February - withdrawal of Iraqi troops
What sort of tension?
Saddam Hussein declared Kuwait to be Iraq’s 19th province
economic
Phase 1 - 1990-2001The first Gulf War - Iraq and Kuwait 1991Iraq freed from Soviet constraints at end of Cold War
End of eight year war with Iran left Iraq with economic problems
Broad coalition of Arab and Western states formed to oust Iraq
Claimed Kuwait flooding oil market and theft of Iraqi oil. Invaded Kuwait and took control of 20% of
world’s oil
17 January 1991 - Operation Desert Storm26 February - withdrawal of Iraqi troops
What sort of tension?
Saddam Hussein declared Kuwait to be Iraq’s 19th province
economicnationalist
Somalia 1992
Somalia 1992
Somalia 1992Independence in 1960
Somalia 1992Independence in 1960
Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
Somalia 1992
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
Somalia 1992
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
By July 1992 UN estimated 1.5 million people in danger of immediate starvation, and entire population of 4.5 million
of long term starvation
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
UN humanitarian intervention in August
By July 1992 UN estimated 1.5 million people in danger of immediate starvation, and entire population of 4.5 million
of long term starvation
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
UN humanitarian intervention in August
By July 1992 UN estimated 1.5 million people in danger of immediate starvation, and entire population of 4.5 million
of long term starvation
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Also military intervention to assist in disarmament and discussions between hostile clans
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
UN humanitarian intervention in August
By July 1992 UN estimated 1.5 million people in danger of immediate starvation, and entire population of 4.5 million
of long term starvation
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Also military intervention to assist in disarmament and discussions between hostile clans
Still no government has emerged to take control of the
country
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
UN humanitarian intervention in August
By July 1992 UN estimated 1.5 million people in danger of immediate starvation, and entire population of 4.5 million
of long term starvation
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Also military intervention to assist in disarmament and discussions between hostile clans
Still no government has emerged to take control of the
country
What is the nature of this conflict?
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
UN humanitarian intervention in August
By July 1992 UN estimated 1.5 million people in danger of immediate starvation, and entire population of 4.5 million
of long term starvation
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Also military intervention to assist in disarmament and discussions between hostile clans
Still no government has emerged to take control of the
country
What is the nature of this conflict?
ethnic
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
UN humanitarian intervention in August
By July 1992 UN estimated 1.5 million people in danger of immediate starvation, and entire population of 4.5 million
of long term starvation
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Also military intervention to assist in disarmament and discussions between hostile clans
Still no government has emerged to take control of the
country
What is the nature of this conflict?
economicethnic
Somalia 1992
Violent attempts to reinstate him, humanitarian crisis and anarchy followed
Insurgencies against his regime and he was ousted in 1991
One of Barre’s aims was to eliminate tribalism
Independence in 1960Repressive regime of Siad Barre 1969-1991
UN humanitarian intervention in August
By July 1992 UN estimated 1.5 million people in danger of immediate starvation, and entire population of 4.5 million
of long term starvation
Rival warlords struggled for control of the state
Also military intervention to assist in disarmament and discussions between hostile clans
Still no government has emerged to take control of the
country
What is the nature of this conflict?
economicethnic
regional
RWANDA 1994
RWANDA 1994
RWANDA 1994
1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
RWANDA 1994
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
RWANDA 1994
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
RWANDA 1994
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
RWANDA 1994
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
RWANDA 1994UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
RWANDA 1994
UN withdrew troops and peacekeepers
UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
RWANDA 1994
UN withdrew troops and peacekeepers
UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
US blocked more forces
RWANDA 1994
UN withdrew troops and peacekeepers
UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
UN mission of 5500 troops in May, still delayed due to cost
US blocked more forces
RWANDA 1994
UN withdrew troops and peacekeepers
UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
UN mission of 5500 troops in May, still delayed due to cost
US blocked more forces
Tutsi rebels finally defeated Hutus
RWANDA 1994
UN withdrew troops and peacekeepers
UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
UN mission of 5500 troops in May, still delayed due to cost
US blocked more forces
Tutsi rebels finally defeated HutusMost Hutus who fled have now returned except group in Congo who have formed
insurgency group planning to retake Rwanda
RWANDA 1994
UN withdrew troops and peacekeepers
UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
UN mission of 5500 troops in May, still delayed due to cost
US blocked more forces
Tutsi rebels finally defeated HutusMost Hutus who fled have now returned except group in Congo who have formed
insurgency group planning to retake Rwanda
What is the nature of this conflict?
RWANDA 1994
UN withdrew troops and peacekeepers
UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
UN mission of 5500 troops in May, still delayed due to cost
US blocked more forces
Tutsi rebels finally defeated HutusMost Hutus who fled have now returned except group in Congo who have formed
insurgency group planning to retake Rwanda
What is the nature of this conflict?
ethnic
RWANDA 1994
UN withdrew troops and peacekeepers
UN and US reluctant to get involved in African regional conflicts after Somalia
Culminated in April 1994 genocide of 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus
Children of exiles formed a rebel group and began a civil war in 1990
Hutus killed thousands of Tutsis with 150,000 driven into exile
1962 Independence from Belgium1959 Hutus overthrow ruling Tutsi King
UN mission of 5500 troops in May, still delayed due to cost
US blocked more forces
Tutsi rebels finally defeated HutusMost Hutus who fled have now returned except group in Congo who have formed
insurgency group planning to retake Rwanda
What is the nature of this conflict?
ethnicregional
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Yugoslavia 1991-99Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
Yugoslavia 1991-99
existing ethnic and nationalist issues and tensions with each other
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Tito died in 1980, old rivalries re-emerged
existing ethnic and nationalist issues and tensions with each other
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Tito died in 1980, old rivalries re-emerged
existing ethnic and nationalist issues and tensions with each other
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
1991 Slovenia and Croatia declare independence
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Tito died in 1980, old rivalries re-emerged
1992 Bosnia Herzegovina vote for independence, Bosnian state recognised by EU and US
existing ethnic and nationalist issues and tensions with each other
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
1991 Slovenia and Croatia declare independence
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Tito died in 1980, old rivalries re-emerged
1992 Bosnia Herzegovina vote for independence, Bosnian state recognised by EU and US
existing ethnic and nationalist issues and tensions with each other
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
1991 Slovenia and Croatia declare independence
Bosnian Serbs not wanting to be minority got support from Serbian government and attacked Bosnian government
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Tito died in 1980, old rivalries re-emerged
1992 Bosnia Herzegovina vote for independence, Bosnian state recognised by EU and US
existing ethnic and nationalist issues and tensions with each other
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
1991 Slovenia and Croatia declare independence
Bosnian Serbs not wanting to be minority got support from Serbian government and attacked Bosnian government
1992 war began and Serbs took over 70 per cent of the country
Yugoslavia 1991-99
Tito died in 1980, old rivalries re-emerged
1992 Bosnia Herzegovina vote for independence, Bosnian state recognised by EU and US
existing ethnic and nationalist issues and tensions with each other
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia
Tito became Prime Minister and established six Yugoslavian republics:
Communist resistance movement after Nazi invasion led by Josip Tito
1991 Slovenia and Croatia declare independence
Bosnian Serbs not wanting to be minority got support from Serbian government and attacked Bosnian government
1992 war began and Serbs took over 70 per cent of the country
Serbs embarked on ethnic cleansing, particularly against Muslims who made up 44 percent of the Bosnian population
Yugoslavia cont...
Yugoslavia cont...
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Albanian separatists in Kosovo formed Kosovo Liberation Army
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Albanian separatists in Kosovo formed Kosovo Liberation Army
Serbs’ ethnic cleansing of Albanians from norther Kosovo prompted NATO air strikes, which was first attack on a
European country by NATO
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Albanian separatists in Kosovo formed Kosovo Liberation Army
Serbs’ ethnic cleansing of Albanians from norther Kosovo prompted NATO air strikes, which was first attack on a
European country by NATO
By June NATO was threatening a ground attack and President Milosevic forced to back down
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Albanian separatists in Kosovo formed Kosovo Liberation Army
Serbs’ ethnic cleansing of Albanians from norther Kosovo prompted NATO air strikes, which was first attack on a
European country by NATO
By June NATO was threatening a ground attack and President Milosevic forced to back down
What tensions caused this conflict?
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Albanian separatists in Kosovo formed Kosovo Liberation Army
Serbs’ ethnic cleansing of Albanians from norther Kosovo prompted NATO air strikes, which was first attack on a
European country by NATO
By June NATO was threatening a ground attack and President Milosevic forced to back down
What tensions caused this conflict?
ethnic
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Albanian separatists in Kosovo formed Kosovo Liberation Army
Serbs’ ethnic cleansing of Albanians from norther Kosovo prompted NATO air strikes, which was first attack on a
European country by NATO
By June NATO was threatening a ground attack and President Milosevic forced to back down
What tensions caused this conflict?
ethnic
religious
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Albanian separatists in Kosovo formed Kosovo Liberation Army
Serbs’ ethnic cleansing of Albanians from norther Kosovo prompted NATO air strikes, which was first attack on a
European country by NATO
By June NATO was threatening a ground attack and President Milosevic forced to back down
What tensions caused this conflict?
ethnic
religious
regional
Yugoslavia cont...West reluctant to intervene, but finally threatened air strikes in 1994
Fighting ended in late 1994 but more fighting erupted in the province of Kosovo between the Serbs and ethnic Albanians,
where Muslim Albanians are the majority but province seen as home of Serb identity and culture
Albanian separatists in Kosovo formed Kosovo Liberation Army
Serbs’ ethnic cleansing of Albanians from norther Kosovo prompted NATO air strikes, which was first attack on a
European country by NATO
By June NATO was threatening a ground attack and President Milosevic forced to back down
What tensions caused this conflict?
nationalist
ethnic
religious
regional
chechnya 1991 onwards
chechnya 1991 onwards
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 years
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
Bloody conflict followed as Russia was determined to keep Chechnya as part of the Russian Federation
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
Bloody conflict followed as Russia was determined to keep Chechnya as part of the Russian Federation
1994 Boris Yeltsin ordered 40,000 troops to retake the region which resulted in a drawn out, bloody
and unpopular conflict
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
Bloody conflict followed as Russia was determined to keep Chechnya as part of the Russian Federation
1994 Boris Yeltsin ordered 40,000 troops to retake the region which resulted in a drawn out, bloody
and unpopular conflict
Region in stalemate until Sept 1999 when the Russian army returned after blaming bombings in Russia on Chechens
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
Bloody conflict followed as Russia was determined to keep Chechnya as part of the Russian Federation
1994 Boris Yeltsin ordered 40,000 troops to retake the region which resulted in a drawn out, bloody
and unpopular conflict
Region in stalemate until Sept 1999 when the Russian army returned after blaming bombings in Russia on Chechens
Chechen separatists retaliated with terrorist attacks
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
Bloody conflict followed as Russia was determined to keep Chechnya as part of the Russian Federation
1994 Boris Yeltsin ordered 40,000 troops to retake the region which resulted in a drawn out, bloody
and unpopular conflict
Region in stalemate until Sept 1999 when the Russian army returned after blaming bombings in Russia on Chechens
Chechen separatists retaliated with terrorist attacksThis allowed President Putin to classify Chechen movement as part of the ‘war on terrorism’
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
Bloody conflict followed as Russia was determined to keep Chechnya as part of the Russian Federation
1994 Boris Yeltsin ordered 40,000 troops to retake the region which resulted in a drawn out, bloody
and unpopular conflict
Region in stalemate until Sept 1999 when the Russian army returned after blaming bombings in Russia on Chechens
Chechen separatists retaliated with terrorist attacksThis allowed President Putin to classify Chechen movement as part of the ‘war on terrorism’
What is the nature of this conflict?
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
Bloody conflict followed as Russia was determined to keep Chechnya as part of the Russian Federation
1994 Boris Yeltsin ordered 40,000 troops to retake the region which resulted in a drawn out, bloody
and unpopular conflict
Region in stalemate until Sept 1999 when the Russian army returned after blaming bombings in Russia on Chechens
Chechen separatists retaliated with terrorist attacksThis allowed President Putin to classify Chechen movement as part of the ‘war on terrorism’
What is the nature of this conflict?
ethnic
chechnya 1991 onwardsChechens have fought for independence from Russia for
over 160 yearsStalin displaced the population of Chechens during WWII, and
they only returned during the period of ‘de-Stalinisation’1991 declared independence from Russia as
the Soviet Union was collapsing
Bloody conflict followed as Russia was determined to keep Chechnya as part of the Russian Federation
1994 Boris Yeltsin ordered 40,000 troops to retake the region which resulted in a drawn out, bloody
and unpopular conflict
Region in stalemate until Sept 1999 when the Russian army returned after blaming bombings in Russia on Chechens
Chechen separatists retaliated with terrorist attacksThis allowed President Putin to classify Chechen movement as part of the ‘war on terrorism’
What is the nature of this conflict?
ethnic nationalist
other conflicts
India and Pakistan over Kashmir (ethnic, religious and nationalist)
Palestine and Israel (ethnic, religious and nationalist)
North and South Korea (nationalist)
China and Taiwan (nationalist)
Indonesia and the province of Aceh (religious, nationlist and ethnic)
review
What was the Cold War?
What causes conflict?
What five conflicts were outlined and what were their causes?
reference: Simpson, A & Scott, D ‘ Power and International Politics 3rd Edition, SEV, 2008
Stay tuned for more detail on the gulf war, bosnia and
africaas well as global
terroism and post cold war Phase 2 - 2001
onwards...