WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2013 since 1891vol. cxlviii, no. 81Daily HeraldTHE BROWN

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Long run Professor of Economics George Borts retires after 63 years at Brown

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SCIENCE & RESEARCH, 4 COMMENTARY, 7

Yes to Divest?Brown Divest Coal calls on the student body to advocate in favor of divestment

PunishmentThe Annenberg Institute received a grant to research school disciplinary policy

By KIKI BARNESSENIOR STAFF WRITER

Faculty members voiced concerns over President Christina Paxson’s stra-tegic plan draft at a faculty meeting Tuesday, taking issue with the absence of the term “university-college,” its commitment to growing the faculty and student body populations and its emphasis on globalization and rear-ranging academic calendars.

At the meeting, faculty members also voted unanimously to create a new Behavioral and Social Health Sciences PhD program in the school of Public Health.

The majority of time was spent reviewing and discussing Paxson’s strategic plan draft, which is called “Building on Distinction: A New Plan for Brown.”

The plan’s absence of the term “university-college,” which is in-cluded in the University’s mission statement, sparked heated debate sur-rounding implications about Brown’s mission.

One male faculty member said the University offers the best

undergraduate education among its peer institutions and should continue to do so, asking, “Will it be incum-bent upon us to move away from that term?”

But Paxson responded that “when you go outside of the University, the term is baffling,” adding that, in many contexts “university-college” refers to smaller-scale continuing education rather than places of higher learning such as Brown.

“Symbolically, the phrase is really important to what we do here,” one faculty member said, while another countered by saying, “what it meant doesn’t exist anymore.”

Many faculty members said

graduate students are overlooked in the strategic plan, adding that keeping the “university-college” term could lead to overlooking neccesary im-provements to doctoral education.

“We are a bit of a bubble,” Provost Mark Schlissel P’15 said. “Perhaps this somewhat obscure term could work against our interest to recruit good (graduate) students.”

“I couldn’t disagree more,” said Professor Emeritus of Geological Sci-ences John Hermance.

“‘University-college’ is very unique to Brown University,” Hermance said, adding that graduate students felt “left out” by undergraduates when

Faculty members critique Paxson’s strategic plan draftFaculty members expressed concern that the draft does not use the phrase “university-college”

By ADAM TOOBINCITY AND STATE EDITOR

After congressional quarreling sent the federal government Monday night into its first shutdown since the Clinton ad-ministration, Brown students and people across Rhode Island spent Tuesday con-sidering how the closure will affect them.

The effects will be limited in the short term, but if Congress remains embattled for weeks or even months, consequences will begin to mount, said David Wyss, an adjunct professor of economics and former chief economist for Standard and Poor’s.

Short-term safetyThe University is most worried about

“Pell grants and other forms of financial aid,” Provost Mark Schlissel P’15 told The Herald.

The federal government has already paid the University all student aid nec-essary for the semester, but Schlissel said “if (the shutdown) lasts into next semester — which I’m very confident that it will not — then we’ll have issues with student support.”

Research should also remain unaf-fected by the shutdown in the short term,

Shutdown could harm state economyU. financial aid and research grants will be unaffected in the short term, Provost said

By KIKI BARNESSENIOR STAFF WRITER

Vice President for Campus Life and Student Services Margaret Klawunn will serve as interim dean of the Col-lege effective Jan. 1, when current dean Katherine Bergeron will step down to become president of Connecticut Col-lege, Provost Mark Schlissel P’15 said at Tuesday’s faculty meeting.

“I am thrilled that Margaret will step in and provide the needed con-tinuity (to the position),” Bergeron told The Herald.

“We work very closely together,” Bergeron said, adding that the employ-ees in both of their offices collaborate and will ease the transition when a full-time dean of the College steps in.

“I am very pleased and honored to take this on,” Klawunn told The Herald.

Schlissel also announced the stu-dents and faculty members who will serve on the dean of the College search committee, which he will chair. In a campus-wide email he sent yesterday, Schlissel wrote that he expects a new full-time dean to be named by July.

Faculty members who will staff the committee include Professor of Cog-nitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences Sheila Blumstein, Professor of Economics Andrew Foster, Associ-ate Professor of Computer Science Chad Jenkins, Professor of Neurosci-ence Diane Lipscombe P’15, Associ-ate Professor of German Studies and Comparative Literature Zachary Sng, Senior Lecturer in English Elizabeth Taylor, Senior Director for Planning and Projects MaryLou McMillan ’85 and Associate Dean of the College Maitrayee Bhattacharyya ’91. Liza

Klawunn named interim dean of the CollegeThe VP for campus life and student services will fill the post until a new dean is named

By MEGHAN FRIEDMANNCONTRIBUTING WRITER

Readers of the New York Times’ website now have the opportunity to learn about

“Sex in Spoon-worms,” thanks to Assistant Pro-fessor of Biology Casey Dunn’s

project, “CreatureCast,” which the site picked up over the summer.

Dunn started CreatureCast — a series of short animated videos that explore interesting topics in zoology — in 2009, after receiving a grant from the National

Science Foundation. Most of the videos were made by Brown students, The Her-ald previously reported. Since then, the project has expanded, recently having received a total of about 400,000 views, Dunn said.

Representatives from the Times contacted Dunn this past summer ex-pressing interest in featuring some of the project’s videos on their website, Dunn said. While he does not know how the project came to their attention, Dunn said he “was really excited to hear from them.”

The collaboration with the Times is a “great opportunity,” Dunn said. While certain CreatureCast videos have been featured by other media outlets over the past four years, the Times “provides a much more consistent and regular way to get some of the episodes out,” Dunn added.

Recently, much of the attention the project has received on Twitter has been “driven in large part by the release on the Times,” Dunn said. Generally, feedback has been “really positive,” he added.

Not all CreatureCast videos will be featured on the Times’ site — Dunn said he picks a group of videos he thinks the Times may want to feature, and editors respond with their opinions. Ultimately, the Times editors select which ones to post.

One of Dunn’s students, Alysse Austin ’14, created a video — “Sex in Spoonworms”— that was featured on the Times’ site last month. Austin said she made the movie as a project for BIOL 0410: “Invertebrate Zoology,” and found out several weeks ago that the Times wanted to feature her video. Her friends and family were “all really happy” for her,

CreatureCast videos featured on NY Times websiteAlysse Austin’s ’15 short video on spoonworms was displayed on the Times’ website last month

COURTESY OF BROWN UNIVERSITY

Margaret Klawunn, who will become the interim dean of the College Jan. 1, is currently vice president for campus life and student services.

DAN ZHANG / HERALD

Casey Dunn, assistant professor of biology, used a National Science Foundation grant in 2009 to begin CreatureCasts.

» See DEAN, page 2

» See FACULTY, page 2 » See SHUTDOWN, page 3

» See CREATURE, page 4

SCIENCE & RESEARCH

university news2 THE BROWN DAILY HERALDWEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2013

7 P.M.

Dollarocracy

Smith-Buonanno 106

8 P.M.

Nick Byrne Solo Ophicleide Recital

Granoff Center

12 P.M.

Brown Bag Concert Series

Sayles Hall

6 P.M.

“No” Film Screening

Avon Cinema

SHARPE REFECTORY VERNEY-WOOLLEY

LUNCH

DINNER

Gingered Turkey Salad, Sugar Snap Peas & Tarragon Pork Chops in a Tarragon Mustard Sauce

Grilled Chicken Cilantro, Spinach Stuffed Tomatoes, Corn Mexicane, Mesculin with Honey Dijon Dressing

Sweet Potato Fries, Fried Scallop Roll, Honey Mustard Chicken Sandwich, Mashed Mustard Potatoes

Steak Fries, Shaved Steak Sandwich with Mushrooms and Onions, Mandarin Blend Vegetables

TODAY OCTOBER 2 TOMORROW OCTOBER 3

c r o s s w o r d

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c a l e n d a rCariaga-Lo, associate provost for aca-demic development and diversity, will also staff the committee.

The undergraduate students who will serve on the committee are Amelia Armitage ’15, Abi Kulshreshtha ’15 and Emma Dickson ’16.

Klawunn, who has previously taught English and gender studies at Brown, was named to her current posi-tion in 2008. Previously, she worked as associate vice president for campus life, associate dean of the College and director of the Sarah Doyle Women’s Center.

Under Klawunn, the Office of Campus Life has spearheaded proj-ects such as renovating undergradu-ate dorms and developing class-based housing communities. Klawunn has also been a prominent figure in plans to renovate the Sharpe Refectory — a

priority President Christina Paxson affirmed in the recent draft of her strategic plan.

Those renovations have come under criticism from some under-graduates and groups such as Brown for Financial Aid, who have argued they divert resources that should be concentrated on student aid.

Klawunn worked with the 2011 Athletics Review Committee, which, under former President Ruth Sim-mons, recommended cutting four varsity teams and increasing the Uni-versity’s athletics budget. The teams ultimately were not cut, and funding increases and facility renovations for athletics have continued.

“(The dean of the College) is a role I feel is critical to supporting the uniqueness of Brown’s curriculum,” she said, adding, “it is a wonderful opportunity to work with a great team of individuals.”

Schlissel and Paxson worked to-gether to appoint Klawunn to the posi-tion after “a great deal of deliberation,” Schlissel said.

Klawunn’s appointment will keep the disciplinary breakdown of senior administrators relatively consistent. A humanities scholar, she will re-place Bergeron, currently a professor of music. Klawunn will join Kevin McLaughlin P’12, dean of the faculty and former chair of the English de-partment at Brown, Schlissel, former dean of biological sciences at the University of California at Berkeley, and Paxson, who is trained as an economist.

“I am confident (Klawunn) will carry forward the work of the College with the same combination of intel-ligence, enthusiasm, sensitivity and commitment she has displayed in her five years as vice president,” Schlissel wrote in the campus-wide email.

» DEAN, from page 1

the Open Curriculum was developed in 1969. But those same graduate stu-dents ultimately benefited from the ethic the “university-college” term inspires, he said.

“Graduate education improved as a result of undergraduates (after the Open Curriculum),” and that pattern will continue if the University main-tains its focus on quality undergradu-ate education, he said.

“One of the things that attracted me to Brown was that there was a good balance of liberal arts not swamped by many large professional schools,” said another male faculty member.

Paxson responded to the criticisms by saying, “There is no disagreement about the core mission of Brown.”

Faculty members also sparred over the plan’s proposed growth of

the student and faculty populations by a projected 1 percent each year over the next decade.

Professor of Political Science and Vice Chair of the Faculty Executive Committee James Morone said such a small increase per year “seems to be a lack of ambition,” though many others said the campus is already too crowded.

“We are incredibly short on ad-equate classroom space as it is,” said Kenneth Breuer, professor of engineer-ing, adding that an additional 200 or 300 students seemed “dangerous.”

Schlissel said the University in-tends to provide more classroom space and fix scheduling issues, adding that rearranging the weekly class schedule could potentially alleviate classroom conflicts.

“If we could get students to wake up an hour earlier in the morning (to

attend) 9 a.m. classes, that would help,” he said.

Schlissel went on to say increasing the number of one-and-a-half-hour classes that meet twice a week instead of the common three-days-per-week option would free up many large class-room spaces from day to day.

The University may also change the academic year to match that of the neighboring Rhode Island School of Design, which would create a winter session during the month of January for shorter, intensive class offerings, as well as a shorter summer session, Paxson said.

“Faculty can choose when they want to teach, whether it is the current two semesters, or maybe spring and summer, which would free up the fall for research,” Paxson said, adding that changes are not finalized and in-depth discussions have not yet taken place.

»FACULTY, from page 1

science & research 3THE BROWN DAILY HERALDWEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2013

Schlissel said. Professors who receive grants from the federal government re-ceive their funds at the onset of a project and will not lose access to it due to the shutdown, he said.

The two federal agencies responsible for a large share of federal grants to the University, the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foun-dation, will be closed as long as the gov-ernment remains shut down, so “the Fed won’t be processing new grants,” Schlissel said.

“All the time, grants are ending and new ones are starting,” he added, a pro-cess that the government shutdown will delay.

International students who need to renew their visas to continue attending Brown next semester should be able to do so. Because the State Department charges to process visa and passport applications, that procedure will not be affected by the shutdown, Politico reported.

State struggles The shutdown caused more immedi-

ate consequences across the state, though Wyss said as long as the government reopens soon, the effects on its economic recovery should be limited. About 7,000 Rhode Islanders work for the federal government, making it the state’s third largest employer, according to the office of Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse, D-R.I.

Whitehouse told reporters Mon-day that Congress has about a week to pass a resolution funding the govern-ment or the state’s economy will suffer

substantive damage, the Providence Journal reported.

“This is a cumulative harm. It takes a lot of liquidity out of the economy and it takes a lot of money out of the economy,” Whitehouse told the Journal Monday. “Even people who are not directly af-fected by it will see an economic slow-down, which is something obviously Rhode Island can ill afford now.”

The state relies on federal funds for a variety of valuable activities, Wyss said. If that money does not come through, projects will have to be halted, employees will not be paid and the recovery will slow, he added.

For example, the Small Business Ad-ministration, which was responsible for more than $85 million in loans last year, has to cease giving out loans during a shutdown.

Though Congress usually authorizes funds to pay federal employees in full for the time they did not work while the government is shut down, “most Americans are one month away — one paycheck away — from defaulting on a loan payment,” Wyss said.

The 21-day government shutdown of 1996-7 was the longest in history, but “the economy was doing well, so the ef-fects were limited,” Wyss said.

Typically, the federal government itself incurs the largest cost from a gov-ernment shutdown, Wyss said. Every day it remains closed, the federal government

loses about $100 million, he said. When those employees who were furloughed return to work, they usually require overtime to catch up on everything they missed while out, he added.

Political instability In the days leading up to the govern-

ment shutdown, Republicans and Demo-crats in Congress fought over whether a final budget deal would either delay or repeal the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare. Democrats, in-cluding President Obama, insisted the fight over the health care law, passed in 2010, constituted a separate debate and should not be part of budget ne-gotiations.

Rhode Island’s congressional delega-tion echoed Obama’s sentiments.

“The writing has long been on the wall that the extreme ideological agenda of House Republicans to delay or de-fund health reform is a dead end. The fight over the Affordable Care Act was settled, both in the Supreme Court and in the 2012 election, and yet this futile discussion continues all the way to a government shutdown,” wrote Rep. Jim Langevin, D-R.I., in a statement.

Rep. Steven King, R-Iowa, explained his party’s motivation for attempting to repeal the Affordable Care Act on the grounds that “we can recover from a political squabble, but we can never recover from Obamacare.”

COURTESY OF WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse, D-R.I., said the federal government shutdown could lead to an “economic slowdown.”

» SHUTDOWN, from page 1

U. looks to expand research in computational neuroscience

By ASHNA MUKHICONTRIBUTING WRITER

Founded under the Brown Institute for Brain Science, the Initiative for Compu-tation in Brain and Mind is aiming to strengthen the profile of computational neuroscience at Brown.

Computational neuroscience fo-cuses on using computer-based math-ematical models of the brain and mind, as well as computer science techniques for analyzing data, said Michael Frank, professor of cognitive, linguistic and psychological sciences and co-founder of the initiative.

Computers allow researchers to perform complex simulations of brain activity and help link biological pro-cesses in the brain to cognitive processes of the mind, according to the initia-tive’s website. Links of this kind can be used to analyze the biological processes behind mental illness and can prove instrumental in developing treatments for these conditions.

Various branches of the initiative examine different aspects of brain pro-cesses to give a more complete picture of the brain. For example, computational cognitive science models the mind and behavior, while computational

linguistics builds models of language, said Thomas Serre, professor of cogni-tive, linguistic and psychological sci-ences and another co-founder.

Research in this area spans the de-partments of cognitive, linguistic and psychological sciences, neuroscience, applied mathematics, computer sci-ence, neurosurgery, biostatistics and engineering, according to the initia-tive’s website.

Serre and Frank said they hope to strengthen and formalize this broad and interdisciplinary research community.

Though Brown is home to a variety of computational brain-related research projects, there was not a coherent center for them until Serre, Frank and Profes-sor of Neuroscience David Sheinberg

founded the initiative one year ago, Frank told the Herald.

The founders plan to increase the visibility of Brown’s computational neuroscience research through the or-ganization of several seminar series and workshops on the topic.

The initiative is also hosting a Neu-ral Decoding Competition open to the Brown community. Participants will be given scans of a person’s brain waves and will have to use computer algo-rithms to deduce what the person was looking at or thinking about.

“We hope to engage the community as much as possible through these talks and also through hands-on activities,” Sheinberg said.

Students, a focal point of the

initiative, will benefit from the expertise of a number of different faculty across different disciplines, Frank said.

“Theoretical approaches to the brain are a matter of intense undergraduate interest at Brown,” said Professor of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences James Anderson. “Brown is a great place for such interdisciplinary work.”

By building a strong community of people passionate and aware of this topic, the initiative hopes to “eventually recruit the brightest minds in the field for faculty and students,” Frank said.

“We would like Brown to be one of the first places that comes to mind when people think about computational neuroscience,” Serre said.

Researchers intend to use computerized mathematical models to illuminate biological and cognitive processes

science & research4 THE BROWN DAILY HERALDWEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2013

By KIAN IVEYCONTRIBUTING WRITER

The Annenberg Institute for School Reform received a $1 million grant in September from the Atlantic Philan-thropies to research discipline in four U.S. urban school districts, Oona Chat-terjee, co-coordinator of the project and assistant director of the Annenberg Institute’s New York City Organizing, wrote in an email to The Herald.

The Institute will study methods of discipline and how they may have disproportionately adverse effects on economically disadvantaged students of color, Chatterjee wrote.

The project is primarily intended to aid district leaders in creating and effecting policies that will “reduce disparities and promote positive ap-proaches to school discipline,” Chat-terjee wrote.

In conducting this research, the Annenberg Institute hopes to combat the “school-to-prison” phenomenon, in which primarily low-income, urban students get in trouble with the law, entering the criminal justice system prior to graduation, according to an Annenberg Institute press release.

By dealing with these issues, the Annenberg Institute hopes to decrease the marginalization of at-risk youth

and improve the quality of their edu-cation.

The Atlantic Philanthropies, an international organization that aims to help disadvantaged people, first approached the Annenberg Institute about the potential grant. Though the process was not competitive, the pro-posal took three months to complete, Chatterjee wrote.

This project marks the first time the Annenberg Institute has received an external grant to study urban school discipline, Chatterjee wrote.

“Annenberg’s strengths in equity-based district reform, community engagement, research and commu-nications offer exactly the right com-bination to provide crucial support to the school districts across the country taking up the charge to reduce sus-pensions, expulsions and arrests,” said Stephen McConnell, country director of U.S. Programs at the Atlantic Phi-lanthropies, in the press release.

Over the course of two years, the Annenberg Institute will select and work with schools in four major U.S. cities. During the first year, the researchers plan to accomplish four goals — data gathering and review, creation and implementation of policy, encouraging collaboration between the research sites and formulating a time-line for improving the disparate rates at which discipline policies affect different groups of students, Chatterjee wrote.

Though the districts have not yet been chosen, the Annenberg Institute has begun the selection process. It aims

to select four districts with histories of strong leadership, advocacy and pro-gram design, Chatterjee wrote.

In the second year, Annenberg In-stitute leaders hope to see results of the policy changes in the form of reduced racial disparities in the effects of school discipline and increased safety.

“Racial and other disparities in the use of exclusionary discipline practices such as suspension and expulsion are a significant contributing factor to the persistent achievement gaps that sustain this pipeline of failure,” Chat-terjee wrote.

Cortney Griffith GS, a masters stu-dent in the Urban Education Policy program who is involved in the new research project, said she is looking forward to gaining “a deeper insight on the root and systemic causes of dis-cipline disparities.”

“What can we as researchers do to inform districts on how to train teachers to respond to the needs of students in urban school districts?” Griffith asked. She added that she likes that the project is “action-based,” with researchers “actually creating interven-tion programs that are going to help combat the disparities that exist in these districts.”

In addition to writing and imple-menting new policy, the Annenberg Institute hopes to encourage more co-hesiveness and collaboration within school districts in applying current pol-icies. This approach will allow improve-ments to continue after the completion of the study, Chatterjee wrote.

Grant to fund study on school disciplineThe Annenberg Institute’s $1 million grant will fund research on equity-based disciplinary policy

Austin said. She added that she was surprised

and “really excited,” though she said she would have “paid much more attention to detail” in her video had she known the Times would feature it.

Eliza Cohen ’15, who also made a CreatureCast video during her sopho-more year, said her work was not fea-tured the Times site but did appear on a National Science Foundation website.

Cohen said though she had not heard of the project’s launch on the Times web-site, she “wasn’t surprised.” Dunn has “big visions” for the project and “believes in the power of video,” she said.

Though CreatureCast still receives money from the NSF, Dunn said the project’s low budget has contributed to

its longevity by keeping the project “ac-cessible” to student producers. He also attributed the project’s success to student interest and participation.

Dunn said the project has evolved over the past four years. While the first video was about nine minutes long, they now clock generally between two and four minutes. The shortened run time has made the videos more accessible to users, Dunn said.

He added that improving the sound quality of the videos has been a recent focus of the CreatureCast project.

As far as CreatureCast’s future goes, Dunn said he is working to expand the project to explain areas of science be-yond zoology including more “abstract” topics. One of the two videos currently featured on the Times’ website explores statistics and bell curves.

COURTESY OF CREATURECAST

CreatureCast videos explain aspects of zoology as well as more abstract scientific subjects, such as statistics and bell curves.

» CREATURE, from page 1

feature 5THE BROWN DAILY HERALDWEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2013

Eric & Eliot | Willa Tracy

Class Notes | Philip Trammell

c o m i c s

By REBECCA STEINBERGCONTRIBUTING WRITER

Examining a photo of a happy baby boy, Professor Emeritus of Economics George Borts smiled.

“I don’t have enough hair for a middle part anymore,” he chuckled, comparing his baby photo to his ap-pearance now, 85 years later.

After 63 years of teaching, Borts retired from Brown at the start of the academic year.

Borts has mentored renowned al-ums including Janet Yellen ’67, cur-rent vice chair of the Federal Reserve’s Board of Governors.

Though Borts’ passion for teaching did not change during his six decades at Brown, he has witnessed tremen-dous transformations on campus, he said. He watched the Wriston Quad’s development, the Rockefeller Library’s construction and the List Arts Center’s sudden emergence, he said.

“There was one telephone in the whole Robinson Hall. There was a secretary who would call you down when you got a telephone call. … You didn’t pull your phone out of your back pocket,” he said.

First quarter baselines Borts was born Aug. 29, 1927 in

New York City, a few years before the Great Depression. Borts said he still remembers noticing hordes of people walking the streets in search of work.

Borts first began to study econom-ics — taught only by one teacher at the time — in high school, he said. Borts remembered being the only student who showed real interest in the subject.

At Columbia, where Borts received his B.A. in 1947, he met an economics professor who had just returned from service in World War II. The two met

once a week and poured over John Maynard Keynes together.

This intimate method of education so inspired and challenged Borts that he soon found himself wanting to be an economist, he said.

When Borts asked his professor what his next steps should be, his pro-fessor responded, “There’s a young chap at the University of Chicago named Milton Friedman. People seem to like him.”

Borts enrolled at the University of Chicago where he earned a Master’s degree in 1949 under Friedman’s tutelage.

“(Friedman) was extremely contro-versial — made you rethink everything that you thought was right,” Borts said.

Growth curvesBorts joined Brown’s Department

of Economics in 1950 when he was 23 years old.

“I was treated very nicely,” he re-called, “but not as an equal. Sometimes I had an idea that they didn’t pay at-tention to.”

Borts’ students said they found him captivating in the classroom.

“Professor Borts is truly one of a rare breed of professors whose class lessons are recalled far beyond a se-mester’s end. ... I was impressed by his dedication to students and un-matched accessibility to us,” said Eliza-beth Fuerbacher ’14, a former Herald opinions columnist.

A professor in microeconomics, macroeconomics and international finance, Borts said he boiled down complex theories so his students could not just understand them but question what they understood.

“Can you describe in writing what you’ve read? Can you respond to ques-tions? What are you doing, and why are you doing it?” he said, describing

the questions he wanted students to consider.

“Going to Professor Borts’ office hours has been one of my best expe-riences at Brown. It is unbelievable how, after so many years of teaching, he would still care so much about ev-erything a student had to say,” said Lorenzo Moretti ’14, another of Borts’ former students.

Aside from teaching, Borts served as the chairman of the economics de-partment from 1964-1967 and as an advisor for the Rhode Island chapter of Phi Beta Kappa. He also served as a consultant to the National Sci-ence Foundation, Undersecretary of Commerce for Transportation, New England Telephone Company and National Motor Freight Traffic As-sociation.

Borts “brought the department from a little local school place to the national level,” former professor of economics Jim Hanson previously told The Herald.

He is known by all for his mas-tery of the “one-liner,” Hanson told The Herald. “He showed me not just how to help students, but how to use economics to help people generally. He was always there for good advice — professional and personal.”

Labor vs. leisure Outside of the classroom, Borts

said he enjoys spending time with his family, including his son’s dog Gizmo, and listening to classical music.

On his sabbaticals, Borts said he enjoyed traveling the world — in-cluding visits to the London School of Economics, Washington D.C., and Hokkaido, Japan.

He said he has fond memories of his time in Japan with his wife. “My wife had beautiful blond hair. We would walk down the street and she would stop traffic. … A bus would slow down and we would wave at them,” he said.

His experience at Brown has been

“fruitful,” he said. “I really got a lot out of it. … I can’t even complain about the food.”

When asked about how it is to be retired, Borts responded, “I’ll let you know.”

After 63 years of economics mentorship, campus legend retiresGeorge Borts, who worked directly under Milton Friedman, helped develop the department of economics

COURTESY OF BROWN UNIVERSITY

Professor emeritus of economics George Borts mentored Janet Yellen ‘67, the Federal Reserve vice chair.

M A N E G R E E N

BRITTANY COMUNALE / HERALD

Department of Public Safety officers posed on horseback and educated students about safety resources at “Be Safe Brown!”

commentary6 THE BROWN DAILY HERALDWEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2013

Advising dialogue complements curriculumTo the Editor:

I am writing in response to recent conversations on this campus about the importance of ensuring the strongest pos-sible advising system at Brown. I fully support this dialogue and hope it continues. The ideals of the Brown curriculum have always called for robust advising, and for that we need the best ideas of all our students, faculty and staff.

Under the Plan for Academic Enrichment, Brown made significant efforts to strengthen this important aspect of the undergraduate experience. Since 2007, the number of faculty and staff members involved in first-year advising increased by over 50 percent. The College established new protocols for sophomore advising and revitalized the Randall Advising Program. We developed the Matched Advising Program for Sophomores to enhance conversations between sophomores and upper-class students. We restarted the Faculty Advising Fellows program to increase the engagement of students and faculty outside of class. We created new online tools for advising — Advising Sidekick and Focal Point — to make accurate information available to advisers and advisees and published new materials to support advising in the con-centration. We launched CareerLAB and made significant enhancements to career advising. We opened new spaces for advising in J. Walter Wilson, the Third World Center, the Science Center and the Nelson Fitness Center, doubling the number of drop-in hours available to students across the week. And we created Team Enhanced Advising and Mentoring to help advisers learn about the difficult issues

affecting many of our students today. Indeed, it is a point of pride that each year so many

faculty members choose to be involved in the advising process, along with hundreds of student leaders who gener-ously give their time in support of their peers. In a recent survey, faculty members at Brown indicated that among the things they value most in their Brown experience is their work with undergraduates. They also indicated that, next to teaching, the activity on which they spend the most time is advising. This level of dedication is the envy of our peer institutions.

I am not suggesting, however, that we should be compla-cent. A strong advising system must continually grow and change to meet the needs of every new cohort of students. Last year, the Committee on Educational Innovation — in preparing for Brown’s new strategic plan — indicated in its interim report that “the University should not only continue its ongoing work to improve advising, but also develop new measures to promote student responsibility, reflection, and accountability.” I believe Brown’s new strategic plan accepts this premise as a given.

Advising is one of the great challenges and great strengths of the Brown curriculum. I have been honored and proud to work on behalf of our passionate community of faculty and students to support the ideals of our ennobling phi-losophy of education.

Katherine BergeronDean of the College

A renewed focus and approach to environmental studies — “Sustaining Life On Earth” — is one of the seven major themes identified in the University’s new strategic plan. President Christina Paxson and the Corporation have aptly recognized that environmental change is a pressing issue that “can threaten global supplies of food and water, harm human health, and undermine the stability of societies around the world.” Expanding the resources and scope of the environmental studies progrm is a crucial area that the University must continue to consider over the next decade.

As the University continues to increase the capacity and resources of sci-ence, technology, engineering and mathematics departments, environmental studies should not be overshadowed. Oftentimes, environmental science is trivialized as a soft science in comparison to other, more “practical” sectors such as engineering and technology. The University has done a valuable service by recognizing that environmental sustainability is perhaps one of the most pressing concerns for the generations to come, and the changes in store for the department should echo this attitude.

In addition, the Center for Environmental Studies must maintain its interdisciplinary approach to research and learning. Paxson has said the University would “seriously consider” creating an institute for the environ-ment and human society. While we should praise the initiative to expand the resources and self-sufficiency of CES, we also hope the department contin-ues to collaborate with other fields of study. CES has already made much-needed changes to make its curriculum more focused and comprehensive, although there is still work to be done. Recognizing that the old tracks were too broad and made advising difficult, the department has introduced four new courses to its core requirements including ENVS 1350: “Introduction to Environmental Economics.” Though introducing an economics requirement inspired controversy, we approve of this decision: CES should recognize that an understanding of economics is especially pertinent to understanding environmental and resource issues.

Along the same lines, CES will soon begin implementing a new curriculum with a fresh offering of tracks. Among the subject areas, CES is introducing both “Air, Climate and Energy; Conservation Science” and “Policy; Land, Water and Food Security and Sustainability in Development.” Students have suggested CES grow its selection of courses related to environmental food and health. Given the changing climate and increasing food-related epidemics, the department would be astute to introduce a track focused on these issues.

As the University celebrates 250 years of history, the 250 years to come will present new challenges and responsibilities. As the strategic plan aptly pointed out, climate change and environmental sustainability are two areas of focus we must continue to tackle and adapt toward.

Editorials are written by The Herald’s editorial page board: its editor, Rachel Occhiogrosso, and its members, Daniel Jeon, Hannah Loewentheil and Thomas Nath. Send comments to editorials@browndailyherald.com.

U. should continue focus on environmental studies

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ANGELIA WANG

E D I T O R I A L

L E T T E R T O T H E E D I T O R

Q U O T E O F T H E D A Y

“How does the duck touch the world?” — Bryan Quinn, RISD professor

See classes, page 8.

One of the essentials of a strong economy is a supply of highly educated workers. With excel-lent universities like the Univer-sity of Rhode Island, Bryant Uni-versity, Providence College and Brown, Rhode Island attracts a large number of out-of-state stu-dents. But the state’s inability to retain students after graduation, when they often take jobs back home or in cities like New York or Washington, D.C., represents a significant economic cost to the Ocean State.

This sizeable departure of skilled individuals, motivated by more promising opportunities elsewhere, has caused an eco-nomic brain drain — a signifi-cant human capital flight.

From a student’s perspective, the state’s weak economy — with an unemployment rate of 8.9 percent compared to the nation-al average of 7.6 percent — is a motivating factor in choosing to leave after graduation. Further-more, from the perspective of business, the flight of potential skilled-workers is a significant opportunity lost and a weight on a struggling economy.

Encouraging students to stay in Rhode Island af-ter graduation has long been an issue for policymakers. But it will take a real commitment to developing new enterprises and providing a busi-ness-friendly en-vironment in or-der to attract and maintain talent.

Recently, Gov. Lincoln Chafee ’75 P’14 P’17 has introduced leg-islation aimed at reducing the state’s corporate tax rate. Crit-ics argue this will lead to cutting programs that support and sub-sidize development in economi-cally weak areas. Politicians of-ten discuss the state corporate income tax rate since Rhode Is-land has among the highest in the U.S. Some economists have argued reducing the corpo-rate tax rate will help improve Rhode Island’s regional com-petitiveness by increasing busi-ness friendliness. But with high levels of unemployment already, and a consequently weak tax base, a reduction of revenue for the state would result in numer-ous spending cuts, including to many essential programs.

Instead of focusing on bud-getary issues, which produce much debate and little progress, the state government should in-stead focus on how to maintain the human capital that is already in the state.

Encouraging students to get

involved in start-ups and cre-ate businesses is a practical ap-proach to creating jobs and pro-ducing growth. The successful model followed by Cambridge, Mass. — now one of the entre-preneurial centers of the world — should be a template for Rhode Island cities. The govern-ment needs to establish incen-tives and resources for business-es to grow in order to make use of the talent available in Rhode Island.

Recent projects such the Hatch Entrepreneurial Center — a shared workspace for entre-preneurs, founded by Dan Mur-phy ’01 — encourage students to get off campus and engage with the Providence business com-munity. By empowering entre-preneurs through increased col-laboration, projects like Hatch, which is located in downtown Providence, help show students the numerous opportunities available here in Rhode Island.

“I think it’s important that we break the vicious cycle of talent-ed young students who graduate from our fine universities and leave because they can’t find a job,” State Rep. Chris Blazejews-ki, D-Providence, told radio sta-tion WPRO.

The legislation introduced last spring by Blazejewski and State Sen. Ryan Pearson, D-

Cumberland, Lincoln, has helped estab-lish incen-tives for col-lege gradu-ates to stay in Rhode Island. If passed, the bill would help students pay off student debt, while also providing op-portunities for future tax cred-its.

For many of us at Brown and at other colleges across the state, Rhode Island is a place we call home for only four years. But with increasing opportuni-ties and an improving economy, Rhode Island could present rea-sons to stay long after gradua-tion.

Situated between Boston and New York, with access to resources like the Narragansett Bay, it should come as no sur-prise that Rhode Island was once one of the major economic cen-ters in the United States. With a growing commitment from pol-icymakers and continued sup-port from industry, students can be the key to growing the Rhode Island economy through innova-tion. Ending the brain drain may well be the solution to Rhode Is-land’s struggling economy.

Scott Freitag ’14 specializes in current economic issues. He can

be reached at scott_freitag@brown.edu.

You might have seen us on the Main Green or read about our campaign in The Herald last year, but Brown Divest Coal is back. And once again, we’re ask-ing the University to divest from the “Filthy 15,” five mining and 10 utilities companies that have con-sistently proven to be the highest-polluting coal companies within the United States, as determined by size, number of Environmental Protection Agency violations and environmental health impacts.

Last June, the Providence City Council voted to divest from the top 200 publicly traded compa-nies with coal and petroleum assets. As a city, Providence — along with Seattle, San Francisco, Ithaca, N.Y. and several others — has taken a strong step away from fossil fuels. Unfortunately, Uni-versity investments fail to align with our own city council’s reso-lution to “support a sustainable future where all people can live healthy lives without the negative impact of a warming environ-ment.”

Brown Divest Coal stands in solidarity with a nationwide movement of college and uni-versity student groups organiz-ing to ensure that their respec-tive institutions divest. Over the past year, BDC has garnered in-credible public support, such as the passage of an Undergradu-ate Council of Students resolu-tion and the written endorsement of billionaire asset manager Tom Steyer. The Advisory Commit-tee on Corporate Responsibility in Investment Policies submitted its recommendation in April that the University begin coal asset di-vestiture.

Last May, the Corporation in-vited members of Brown Divest Coal to sit in on a Corporation meeting, something practically unheard of. The Corporation did not then vote on divestment but plans to do so this October. We call on all Brown students to up-hold the University tradition of ethical inquiry through partici-pating in the coal divestment dis-cussion this fall.

In terms of size, coal assets represent a miniscule proportion of the Brown endowment, ac-counting for less than 0.1 percent,

per Vice President for Public Af-fairs and University Relations Marisa Quinn’s statements in a prior Herald article. As an insti-tution, Brown purchases the ma-jority of its electrical power from TransCanda, which, like Rhode Island utilities, primarily uses natural gas and not coal-based electrical generation.

So why do we call for coal di-vestment?

Coal produc-tion dispropor-tionately affects l o w - i n c o m e c o m m u n i t i e s where mines and coal-fired pow-er plants are lo-cated. While di-rect mining fa-talities averaged 35 per year be-tween 2006 and 2010, coal-relat-ed deaths stem-ming from fly ash particulate exposure have been estimated at anywhere from 13,200 to 23,600 annually. According to a 1970s research study conducted by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and later publicized in Science and Scientific American maga-zines, individuals who live with-in the stack shadow — half to one mile — of a coal-fired pow-ered plant are exposed to equal or higher rates of radiation than those living the same distance from a nuclear facility. Mountain-top removal to make room for coal mining operations has prov-en to significantly disrupt ecosys-tem services in the surrounding natural environment.

In addition, we believe coal is a bad investment, given the global push for increased carbon regula-tion, whether in the form of di-rect taxes or cap-and-trade allo-cations. Last July, the World Bank Group announced it would elim-inate financial support for coal production in developing coun-tries except in rare circumstances. This September, the EPA released a proposed rule for new coal-fired power plants that would effec-tively eliminate future coal-fired power plant construction with-out the commercialization of car-bon capture and sequestration, known as CCS, or “clean coal,” technology. Though EPA Admin-istrator Gina McCarthy has said CCS could prove a viable option, the fact remains that not a single

commercial scale CCS coal facil-ity operates today. Clean coal, at least for the time being, is a myth.

Perhaps most importantly, as a group Brown Divest Coal aims to take an ethical and ideological stance against the most carbon-intensive fossil fuel. Coal is argu-ably the number one contributor to climate change, an issue that may have once seemed solely en-

vironmental but now threatens to severely impact the economic and physical security of current and fu-ture generations. Within its divest-ment recommen-dation, ACCRIP makes it absolute-ly clear that “the harms associated with these com-panies’ business practices are so grave that it would be deeply unethi-

cal for Brown University to con-tinue to profit from them.”

We hope the Corporation will take this opportunity to cement the University’s reputation as a cornerstone of progressive action and social advancement. In the past, the Corporation has voted to divest from tobacco, compa-nies within apartheid South Af-rica, HEI Hotels and Resorts, and businesses with ties to human rights violations in Darfur.

Though the Corporation may vote no this fall — or potentially postpone a vote altogether — a yes vote would solidify the great things that set Brown apart from its academic peers: a continued commitment to ethical inquiry, demonstrated progressive lead-ership and rigorous analysis of contemporary issues. Many of us may have chosen to attend Brown for these very reasons. ACCRIP, the Undergraduate Council of Students, the Graduate Student Council, thousands of students and hundreds of faculty and al-ums have all endorsed divest-ment as an ethical imperative. A yes vote would confirm the Cor-poration’s trust in us.

For more information about Brown Divest Coal, visit

www.browndivestcoal.org or attend the Divestment

Teach-In Friday at 7:30 p.m. in Smith-Buonanno Hall 106.

commentary 7THE BROWN DAILY HERALDWEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2013

Yes to divestThe brain drain

“We hope the Corporation will take this opportunity

to cement the University’s

reputation as a cornerstone of progressive

action and social advancement.”

“With a growing commitment from policymakers and continued support

from industry, students can be

the key to growing the Rhode Island economy through

innovation.”

BROWN DIVEST COAL

guest columnists

SCOTT FREITAG

opinions columnist

daily heraldTHE BROWNscience & research

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2013

U. doctor performs single-incision hysterectomy

W. Scott Walker, clinical assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology, became the first surgeon in the state to perform a robotic-assisted hysterectomy involving only one incision earlier this month.

During robotic-assisted hysterectomies, surgeons remove a woman’s uterus by controlling surgical instruments from a computer in the operating room, according to the Johns Hopkins Medical website.

Most robotic surgical procedures, including those for endometriosis, involve three to five incisions, according to a Lifespan Hospital Group press release.

But the hysterectomy that Walker performed involved only one small incision within a woman’s bellybutton, meaning she is unlikely to show any scarring, according to the release. The single incision also reduces the risk of complications.

“I am honored to be the first physician in our region to perform this procedure and excited to offer my patients the most advanced, minimally invasive surgical options,” Walker said in the release.

Researchers compile list of editing sites in fruit fly genes

University researchers have identified more than 3,500 editing sites in the genetic material of fruit flies. Their list includes locations in which an enzyme may replace a “G” nucleotide of RNA with an “A” nucleotide, altering the expression of certain genes. This process may affect the flies’ neural and gender development, according to a University press release.

Their work was published in the journal Nature Structural and Molecular Biology earlier this week.

Other research teams have attempted to compile lists of fruit fly RNA editing sites in the past, but the University team was able to report sites with increased accuracy using both biological sequencing and statistical estimation, according to the release.

Professor of biology and corresponding author of the paper Robert Reenan and lead author Georges St. Laurent GS experimentally validated almost 1,800 of the sites. They also collaborated with Charles Lawrence, professor of applied mathematics and the paper’s senior author, to predict more than 1,700 additional sites.

They then selected a proportion of those sites to test in the lab. Using their experimental results, the research team was able to determine the variables that make a nucleotide likely to be an editing site, which they then used to update their predictions.

Their final list is likely 87 percent accurate, according to the press release.

“How does the cell go about choosing which (nucleotides) are going to get edited and which aren’t is an interesting question this opens,” Lawrence said, according to the release.

Study unveils underreporting of risky prescriptions

A new study led by University researchers has found that when Medicare Advantage plans report data to the government, it underreports the number of seniors receiving high-risk medication.

Their work was published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine earlier this month.

The research team, led by Alicia Cooper PhD’13, examined data from over 170 insurers and found that almost 27 percent of patients over age 65 received a high-risk medication. But the plans reported that the proportion was closer to 22 percent, according to a University press release.

“We’re using the same sources of data that Medicare Advantage plans are supposed to be using to derive this information,” Cooper said in the release.

These findings are significant because Medicare pays plans based on their quality, and the rate at which high-risk medications are prescribed plays a role in their determination of that, according to the release.

The research team’s finding also suggests that Medicare plans may be reporting more complicated data inaccurately as well, Cooper said in the release.

In their paper, she and other researchers suggest that policymakers increase their oversight of the plans’ self-reported data “to ensure the validity and reliability for patients and other stakeholders.”

BY KATE NUSSENBAUM, SCIENCE & RESEARCH EDITORSCIENCE & RESEARCH ROUNDUP

By RILEY DAVISSTAFF WRITER

Though art and science often appear contradictory, students in two new classes this semester will have the chance to explore both forms, with some using animation to explain basic science concepts and others exploring the physiological benefits of dance.

In VISA 1800: “Communicating Science” and TAPS 1281: “Artists and Scientists as Partners,” students engage with art and science as two mutually beneficial subjects. A Rhode Island School of Design course called IDISC 1524: “Marine Duck Studio: The Art and Science of Ecocentric Practices” will also be available to Brown students in the spring.

VISA 1800 students focus on com-municating scientific ideas through animation. RISD and Brown students — with varying degrees of art and sci-ence backgrounds — will explore dif-ferent ways to demonstrate scientific concepts through artistic mediums.

Senior Lecturer in Neuroscience John Stein and RISD professor Ste-ven Subotnick are collaborating on

the best ways for students to develop these skills.

“We begin the semester with a series of guided exercises that intro-duce students to ways of using visual communication in the service of sci-ence education,” Subotnick wrote in an email to The Herald.

Students will learn to explain science through an animated video, which they will develop in a group.

The class addresses an important discrepancy between science and how it is taught to laypeople, said environ-mental studies concentrator Elizabeth Castner ’14.

“It’s really great for education,” Castner said. “Right now students are losing interest in science because it’s too hard. They don’t understand it.”

Under the tutelage of Julie Strand-berg, senior lecturer in theater, speech and dance, and Rachel Balaban ’80, adjunct lecturer in theater, speech and dance, students in TAPS 1281 are examining the physical benefits dance can have on Parkinson’s and autism patients.

“The idea for this class came from a class I was teaching to people with Parkinson’s disease — because I could see the difference it was making for participants,” Balaban said.

At the end of the semester, stu-dents will lead their own dance workshops for adults suffering from

Parkinson’s or adolescents with au-tism.

Strandberg and Balaban held audi-tions for the class in order to ensure an even distribution of self-identified artists and scientists, Balaban said.

“I’m interested in medicine, but I love to sing and dance,” said Isabel Sunshine ’16. “I’ve always said sort of casually ‘yeah it’s my therapy’ … but didn’t understand what that meant from a scientific point of view.”

In the spring, RISD’s IDISC 1524 “will focus on developing an eco-centric approach to design, with the duck itself as a client,” RISD professor Bryan Quinn said.

“How does the duck see the world? How does the duck hear the world? How does the duck touch the world?” he said. “Once we have a good fundamental understanding of that subject matter, the students will develop creative work that explores those themes.”

Part of the class will be studying the marine duck in the wild, Quinn said. Students will work with the Uni-versity of Rhode Island and accom-pany URI students as they research the marine ducks in the field.

Brown students can either take the suggested three-credit class, which meets once a week, or the six-credit class, which will have an additional session once a week.

New classes integrate science and artThe courses will examine animation and dance through both artistic and scientific lenses

JUSTINA LEE / HERALD

With the introduction of new interdisciplinary classes, students will have the opportunity to lead an adult dance workshop, create educational videos and explore a duck’s interactions with its surroundings.

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