wed 11/20 chp.6&7 test after: chp.8 title page –due tomorrow
TRANSCRIPT
Wed 11/20
• Chp.6&7 Test• After: Chp.8 Title Page
– DUE tomorrow
Thur 11/21
• Grades posted– Includes Test & INB Check – Any questions/problems with INB Check see
me after notes today
***Chp.6&7 Test Retakes available before or after school till next WEDNESDAY!!!
Title page-pg.45
Ch 8 title page
In: Pg.46
1. Chromosome model• Draw the model
chromosome on your paper
• Label the following on your diagram— chromosome, chromatids, centromere
2. Why does the chromosome look so bumpy?
Centromere
Chromatids
ChromoSome
• Why do you think a chromosome looks so bumpy?
Chromosomes
• Rod-like structures made of– DNA– Proteins called histones
which help shape and pack DNA
• Each half called a chromatid– Duplicate before cell division
• Two identical parts
– Centromere holds them together
Chromosome Number
• Varies with species• Some have same
number– Carrot and lettuce = 18– Potatoes, Plums,
Chimpanzees and Gorillas = 48
Chromosome Number
• Diploid (2n) – normal cell
• Haploid (1n) – dividing cell
Chromosome Differences
• Prokaryote– Most only contain
one Chromosome– Attached to inside
of the cell membrane
– Circular DNA
• Eukaryote– Many
Chromosomes– Found inside
nucleus– Compacted to fit
inside the nucleus
Human Chromosomes
• 46 or 23 pairs• Autosomes = 44• Sex Chromosomes = 2• Pair of autosomes called
– Homologous chromosomes or homologues• Same size and shape• Different from other pairs• Have same gene locations
• Karyotype– Photomicrograph of
chromosomes dividing in normal cell
Spectral Karyotyping
Pg.47 Set up Cornell Notes
Title them: Chp.8 Cell Reproduction
How do cells reproduce?
• Cell division is the process in which cells reproduce themselves.
• Cell cycle is the stages a cell goes through to make more cells.
G1 (growth;Gap
1)
S=Synthesis
G2=Gap 2
1 hr.Cytokinesis
M phase
• Rapid cell growth
• Cell doubles in size
• Enzymes + organelles double in number
• Growth
• DNA makes a copy of itself
11 hrs.
7 hrs.• Rapid Growth
• Final preparation for cell division
3 hrs.
Interphase
Cell Division in Prokaryotes
• Binary Fission– Two identical cells
produced from one cell– Asexual reproduction
• Only 1 parent• No genetic diversity
Cell Division in Eukaryotes(m phase of cell cycle)
• Mitosis:– Occurs in organisms for
growth, development, repair or asexual reproduction
– Creates identical cells(2n)
Finish Cornell Notes
• Write 3 questions• Write 3-sentence summary
Thru 2:Pg 48-49Chp.8 3-Column Vocab
1. Chromosome
2. Histone
3. Chromatid
4. Centromere
5. Homologous chromosomes
6. Diploid
7. Haploid
8. Binary fission
9. Mitosis
10. Interphase
11. Cytokinesis
Homework
• Work on vocab DUE MONDAY!!!
OUT – pg.46
How is the cell cycle like a human life cycle?
Fri 11/22
***Chp.6&7 Test Retakes available before or after school till next WEDNESDAY!!!
Today & Monday = one big day
• Describe the phases of the cell cycle.
In: pg.50
Write down 5 facts as you watch the Cell Division video clip1. 2.3.4.5.
Pg.51 Cell Cycle
C
The cell cycle consists of…
1. Interphase2. Mitosis/Cytokinesis
Remember: IPMAT!
Pg.53 – Set up Cornell Notes(skip pg.52….for now…)
• Title: Mitosis
Mitosis:• Division in body cells
– all cells that are not gametes (reproductive cells).
• Creates 2 identical daughter cells.
• Replaces old cells, growth
• Starts as soon as the egg is fertilized and ends at death.
• Has 4 stages:– prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase.
Prophase
1.Chromatin condenses into chromosomes (visible)
2.Nuclear membrane dissolves
Metaphase – think “M” for Middle
1.Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
2.Each chromosome has been copied and has two pairs of individual chromatids
ANAPHASE – think “A” for apart
1.Chromatids move apart to the opposite ends of the cell
Telophase – think “T” for two
1.Chromosomes reach the opposite ends
2.Nuclear envelopes reform around the two sets of DNA
After Mitosis
Cytokinesis– Division into two
cells– Animal cells
• Uses cleavage furrows
– Plant cells• Uses cell plate
Finish Cornell Notes
• Write 3 questions• Write 3-sentence summary
Pg. 52 – Stages of Mitosis Diagram
• Draw figure 8-6 from pg. 156 in your text book.
• Label all the parts
Out – do tomorrow
Mon 11/25
• Review Mitosis animation & hand model• Mitosis Cloze & Event Map• Start Mitosis Modeling Activity (if time)
IN
• Review Mitosis animation & hand model
Mitosis Practice
Pg.54•Cell Cycle CLOZE passage
Pg.55• Mitosis Event
Organizer
MITOSIS
WHO?
WHEN?
WHERE? SIGNIFICANCE?
HOW?
WHY?
EVENT
Mitosis
Why?To make identical (2n) cells
How?Prophase,
Metaphase, Anaphase, and
Telophase
Significance?
Replaces cells/Growt
h/Repair
Who?Plants
Animals
When?Fertilizati
on to Death
Where?Body Cells
Homework
• Finish Mitosis CLOZE and event map
OUT – pg.50Draw the cell in interphase.
Label the following:1. Nuclear envelope2. Cell membrane3. Nucleus4. Chromatin-this is the DNA
when it is all tangled up (before it condensesinto chromosomes).
5. Centrosomes-the green things
Question:What is Chromatin?
Tues 11/26 & Wed 11/27
• Review cell cycle, mitosis hands• Mitosis Modeling Activity• Start & Finish Hexaflexagon
Objective
• Describe the phases of the cell cycle
In: pg.56
• Write down 5 facts as you watch the Mitosis video clip
• 1. • 2.• 3.• 4.• 5.
Mitosis Video Clip
Pg.57 - Stages of Mitosis Model• Use the contents of the bag to model what is happening to chromosomes
during interphase and the 4 stages of mitosis.• Practice each stage until you have it memorized…each person will be
given a stage to demonstrate for points.
Analysis Questions:1. In this activity, what represented:
– Replicated chromosomes– Sister chromatids– Nuclear envelope– Spindle fibers
2. How many chromosomes did the parent cell have?
3. Each daughter cell?
4. What was the diploid # for the cell?
5. What was the haploid # for the cell?
Mitosis HexaflexagonProcedure:
1. Cut out the hexaflexagon.
2. Place the side without the letters or vertical lines face up. Label the diamonds as shown in the picture with the names of the phases of mitosis. (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase)
3. Draw a color picture for each phase in second diamond and describe what happens in the third diamond.
4. Follow the directions for folding the hexaflexagon.
Out – pg.56
1. What is cytokinesis?
2. How would cytokinesis differ between plant and animal cells?
Wed 11/27
• Finish & Check Hexaflexagons take grade
Mon 12/2
• Chp.8 Cell Cycle & Mitosis TEST is THURSDAY!!!!
• Next INB Check is THURSDAY!!!
• Cell Cycle and Time Lab– Website activity
In: pg.58
G1 =Gap 1
S=Synthesis
G2=Gap 2
1 hr.Cytokinesis
M phase
• Rapid cell growth• Cell doubles in size• Enzymes +
organelles double in number • Growth
• DNA makes a copy of itself
11 hrs.
7 hrs.• Rapid Growth• Final
preparation for cell division 3 hrs.
Interphase
1. About how long does it take a cell to go thru the cell cycle?
2. What stage does the cell spend the most time in?
Pg.59 - The Cell Cycle and Time
• Go to the following website
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/activities/cell_cycle/cell_cycle.html• Fill out the data sheet and complete graph
and questions and glue in lab sheet as a flip up.
onion root tip
Homework
• Finish the lab sheet.
Out – pg.58
• What would happen to an organism if its cells couldn’t leave interphase and undergo mitosis?
Tuesday 12/3
• Chp.8 Cell Cycle & Mitosis TEST is THURSDAY!!!!
• Next INB Check is THURSDAY!!!
Objective
• Discuss specific examples of disruptions of homeostasis.
In: pg.60
Watch the movie clip and finish the following sentences:
1. Cancer cells are different from normal cells because they…..
2. A tumor is…
3. A tumor is harmful because it…
4. Cancer is caused by…
5. Cancer can be treated by…
Pg.61- Controlling the Cell Cycle1. What does a regulatory gene do?
2. What is cancer caused by?
3. What is a mutation?
4. What is a tumor?
5. What are carcinogens?
6. Why is it difficult for scientists to study the effects of exposure to carcinogens in humans?
7. Why is smoking dangerous?
8. Why should you wear sunscreen?
9. What are 3 treatments for cancer?
10. Immunotherapy is an experimental technique for treating cancer. In this technique, the body’s immune system is boosted so that it can destroy cancerous cells. What is a possible advantage that immunotherapy may have over chemotherapy?
Homework
• Finish “Controlling the Cell Cycle” article questions
Out – pg.60
1. What are the 3 stages of interphase?
2. Some cells go into the Go phase, what do you think this means?
3. What kinds of cells do you think go into Go?
Wednesday 12/4
• INB Quiz get out half sheet, #1-10• Chp.8 Study Guide• INB Check tomorrow• Chp.8 Cell Cycle & Mitosis Test tomorrow
Chp.8 Study Guide
• DUE TOMORROW!!!!
Thursday 12/5
• Collect Study Guides• Chp.8 Cell Cycle Test today• INB Check today
After test…
• Pg.63 Title Page Chp.10–Write title of chapter from textbook–Draw 3 pictures from chp.10–Write 3 key words from chp.10–Color with at least 3 colors