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© ICLEI 2011 www.iclei.org/

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Leya Barry Jade Jackson ICLEI Canada

February 11, 2011

WECEC Conference Municipal Climate Change Adaptation

and Mitigation


• Plan for Today

• Introductions

• About ICLEI

• Climate Change Primer

• Partners for Climate Protection (PCP) Program

• Adaptation Guide and Initiative

• Activities

• Wrap Up


• What is ICLEI? (in a nutshell) •Established in 1990 •ICLEI‟s Mission:

• To build and serve a worldwide movement of local governments dedicated to achieving tangible improvements in global environmental conditions through cumulative local actions.


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ICLEI is a membership association of 1,225 local governments worldwide, with 32 in Canada; ICLEI Members represent ~10% of the global population, (571 million people).

South Eastern Asia 21 mil. (3.5%) South Asia

69 mil. (4%)

Oceania 15 mil. (41.7%)

Europe 72.6mil. (9.9%)

USA 110 mil. (34%)

Latin America and the Caribbean

106.5 mil. (22.3%)

Africa 27.9 mil. (2.7%)

ICLEI Members 571 mil. (9.8%)

World Population 7 bn.

Mexico 25.5 mil. (23%)

Eastern Asia 18.5 mil. (1.4%)

Korea 46 mil. (95.9%) Japan

45.3 mil. (35.7%)

Canada 13 mil. (41.5%)

ICLEI Membership


• ICLEI Canada Members o Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia o Caledon, Ontario o Calgary, Alberta o Campbell River, British Columbia o Columbia Institute o Dawson Creek, British Columbia o Delta, British Columbia o Durham Region, Ontario o Edmonton, Alberta o Essex, Ontario o Federation of Canadian Municipalities, Ontario o Fort St. John, British Columbia o Greater Sudbury, Ontario o Guelph, Ontario o Halton Hills, Ontario o Hamilton, Ontario

o International Center for Sustainable Cities o Iqaluit, Nunavut o Kitchener, Ontario o Leduc, Alberta o Metro Vancouver, British Columbia o Mississauga, Ontario o Montréal, Québec o Nanaimo, British Columbia o Oakville, Ontario o Ottawa, Ontario o Red Deer, Alberta o Regina, Saskatchewan o The Blue Mountains, Ontario o Toronto, Ontario o Vancouver, British Columbia o York Region, Ontario

32 Total Members


• Climate Change


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What‟s wrong with this image?

Climate ≠ Weather!

Climate is not the same as with weather.


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“In most places, weather can change from minute-to-minute, hour-to-hour, day-to-day, and season-to-season. Climate, however, is the average of weather over time and space.”

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place.

Climate ≠ Weather!

Climate is how the atmosphere behaves over long periods of time.


• IPCC Projections

IPCC, 4th Assessment Report, 2007


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• Despite our current and future mitigation efforts, the effects of climate change are already being felt across Canada


• Climatic Changes

Changes in climate variables: precipitation and temperature changes in sea and lake levels frequency and intensity of extreme events


• Climatic Changes for Southern Ontario

Increase in average annual temperature of 2.3 to 3.0ºC by 2050

Annual average precipitation increase of 3.5 to 4.3% by 2050

5% increase in heavier short duration rain events


• Climatic Changes cont.

Decrease in lake levels • Lake Huron -1m • Lake Erie – 0.8m Increase in frequency of

extreme weather events

Increase in water temperature (~5-6 ºC)


• Climate Change Impacts and Systems

The effects of existing or forecasted changes in climate on built, natural, and human systems.


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CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO


• Increase in Average Annual Temperature

• Increased demand on groundwater and tributary rivers due to warmer summers

• Increased frequency /duration of smog

events and air pollution due to warmer temperatures

• Double the heat related mortality due to

extreme heat days


• Increase in Average Annual Precipitation

• Increased erosion resulting from increased intensity of rain events

• Decreased water availability for

irrigation due to summer drought

• Increased sewage spill over

into lakes resulting from severe precipitation events


• Decrease in Lake Levels

• Reduction in commercial shipping capacity due to decreased lake levels

• Increased blackouts resulting from

a reduction in electricity generation – hydropower

• Loss of wetlands due to lower water

levels


• Increase in water temperature

• Increase in blue-green algae from increased water temperatures

• Increase in coastal erosion

resulting from reduced ice cover during winter

• Increase in over-wintering waterfowl due to increased

water temperatures


• Increased Frequency of Extreme Weather Events

• Damage to or loss of infrastructure due to extreme weather events.

• Increased insurance rate premiums due to increased frequency of extreme weather events.


• How do we respond?

With a comprehensive climate change response strategy – integrating both mitigation and adaptation into planning.


• Local Government Action Mechanisms

Land use and urban planning

Workforce development

Licensing and regulation

Community service delivery, community development and civic engagement

Facilitation, advocacy and leadership



ICLEI’s Climate Programs - Mitigation



• Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) is ICLEI‟s largest program

•Over 900 participants worldwide •In Canada, this program is implemented in partnership by ICLEI and the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) and is called Partners for Climate Protection (PCP) •213 Canadian municipalities – including Windsor and Essex (Town)


• Five Milestone Framework

1. Create a greenhouse gas inventory and forecast 2. Set an emission reduction target 3. Develop a local action plan 4. Implement the local action plan 5. Monitor progress and report results


• Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Transportation and Land Use Energy Use

Local government policies can affect many of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions

(GHGs)

Solid Waste


• ICLEI’s Climate Programs - Adaptation


• We love insurance

•In 2007, the private and casualty insurance companies registered $37.9 billion in sales and held controlling assets of $116 billion. (IBC, 2009) •In the last five years, climate-related costs - particularly flooding - have exceeded fire claims, which were the number-one cost for insurers…until now. •At its base level, planning for future impacts is the insurance policy we can take out against climate change.

“

The insurance industry is like a canary in a coal mine” – Robert Tremblay, Director of Research, IBC


• Climate Change Adaptation


• Milestone Methodology


• Part II – Supplementary Workbooks


• ICLEI Canada’s Adaptation Initiative • Launched in November 2010 • Facilitated implementation of the guide over two years • Builds expertise and knowledge across council • Networking opportunities with all other Initiative participants; • Technical support throughout the process • Additional tools (beyond those contained in the workbook)

including: conducting a baseline data inventory, establishing indicators, and using implementation tools.


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• What are Canadian Communities Doing?

• City of Toronto • City of Edmonton • Ville de Sept Îles • City of London • City of Kamloops • Municipal Corporation of Delta • District of Saanich • Quebec City • City of Iqaluit • Hamlet of Le Goulet • City of Halifax • Town of Annapolis Royal • Peel Region


• Mitigation and Adaptation Ways in which local governments can integrate mitigation and adaptation planning processes:

•Through a single approach that combines mitigation and adaptation actions; •Integrating an adaptation assessment - which consists of an impact identification process, a vulnerability assessment and/or a risk assessment - prior to the development of an greenhouse gas reduction action plan; and •Engage in adaptation planning as a second phase of their climate response strategy.


• Questions?


• Writing Impact Statements

• Consistency of scale • Answers “what”, “why” and “how” and is resulting from a

climatic change

Example: Wetland devastation due to lower water levels.


• Exercise– Writing Impact Statements for Windsor Essex County

• Handout • Climatic change Impacts Impact Statement • Provide 3 impact statements


• • Understand what adaptation is; • Realize that adaptation and mitigation are not mutually exclusive; • Know what you are adapting to; • Prepare for those impacts; • Realize there is no „one size fits all‟ approach; • Adaptation planning is not a new process and should be integrated with

existing efforts; and • Anticipatory planning is more effective than reactive planning.

ICLEI’s Adaptation Message to Local Governments


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Thank you!

Questions?

Leya Barry Project Coordinator [email protected]

Jade Jackson Project Assistant [email protected]

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