websphere business modeler certification exam 992 prep, part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the...

27
WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: Validate and analyze business processes Skill Level: Intermediate Lori Small ([email protected]) Senior Business Analyst Kforce Technology, Inc. 10 Dec 2008 Prepare for the IBM Certification Test 992, IBM WebSphere Business Modeler Advanced V6.1, Business Analysis and Design. This tutorial describes how to use the advanced analysis features of WebSphere® Business Modeler to validate process models and perform comparative analysis to identify process improvement opportunities. Section 1. Before you start About this series IBM WebSphere Business Modeler (hereafter called Modeler) is the IBM business process development platform that enables you to quickly perform organization and resource modeling, analyze and simulate processes, create reports, and build business measures to address productivity and performance management. This series of six tutorials helps you prepare to take the IBM certification Test 992, IBM WebSphere Business Modeler Advanced V6.1, Business Analysis and Design to become an IBM Certified Business Process Analyst. This certification targets intermediate-level business analysts who have developed skills in Business Process Management (BPM), including process design, organization and resource modeling, process analysis and simulation, identification Validate and analyze business processes © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 1 of 27

Upload: others

Post on 04-Aug-2020

2 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam992 prep, Part 4: Validate and analyze businessprocessesSkill Level: Intermediate

Lori Small ([email protected])Senior Business AnalystKforce Technology, Inc.

10 Dec 2008

Prepare for the IBM Certification Test 992, IBM WebSphere Business ModelerAdvanced V6.1, Business Analysis and Design. This tutorial describes how to use theadvanced analysis features of WebSphere® Business Modeler to validate processmodels and perform comparative analysis to identify process improvementopportunities.

Section 1. Before you start

About this series

IBM WebSphere Business Modeler (hereafter called Modeler) is the IBM businessprocess development platform that enables you to quickly perform organization andresource modeling, analyze and simulate processes, create reports, and buildbusiness measures to address productivity and performance management. Thisseries of six tutorials helps you prepare to take the IBM certification Test 992, IBMWebSphere Business Modeler Advanced V6.1, Business Analysis and Design tobecome an IBM Certified Business Process Analyst.

This certification targets intermediate-level business analysts who have developedskills in Business Process Management (BPM), including process design,organization and resource modeling, process analysis and simulation, identification

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 1 of 27

Page 2: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

of business measures to address productivity and performance management andgenerate reports. It is expected that they will be able to perform the tasks involved inthe role independently, with limited assistance from peers, product documentationand vendor support services.

About this tutorial

This tutorial is the fourth in the series designed to help you prepare for the IBMCertification Test 992: IBM WebSphere Business Modeler Advanced V6.1, BusinessAnalysis and Design. This tutorial explains how to use the simulation results fromPart 3 to validate process flow within the model, and how to apply comparisonfeatures to evaluate the impact of change to the model. You'll learn about evaluatingprocess time and identifying potential process bottlenecks. You'll also learn how toidentify process improvement opportunities, analyze associated costs and resourceallocation, and validate that a model meets requirements. After you complete thistutorial, continue with the fifth tutorial, which covers the query and reporting featuresthat are included with the tool.

Prerequisites

This tutorial is written for analysts whose skills and experience are at anintermediate to advanced level. You should have a general familiarity with using anintegrated development environment.

System requirements

To run the examples in this tutorial, you need to install WebSphere BusinessModeler Software V6.1. Download a free trial version of WebSphere BusinessModeler if you don't already have a copy of it. You can find the hardware andsoftware requirements for Modeler at WebSphere Business Modeler Advanced:System Requirements.

Section 2. Validating the process model

Isolating business issues

Why model? We know that business processes can break down for various reasons

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 2 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 3: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

that can be difficult to isolate and identify. Modeling and simulating the processescan reduce complexity by highlighting areas with known problems, including:

• Multiple iterations

• High costs

• Long process delays

• Limited or surplus resources

• Bottlenecks

In Part 2 of this series, we discussed business process reengineering, and its focuson streamlining and automating processes to achieve business goals moreefficiently. You saw how a business analyst can use Modeler to capture the existingbusiness environment and model the proposed process changes. Overall, thesemodeling efforts help you understand the big picture, and more easily communicatewhat needs to be accomplished to the relevant stakeholders.

The most difficult aspect of process modeling involves understanding the businesscontext -- the business objectives and how to define metrics to ensure the goals arebeing realized. Even the most seasoned business analyst will need to visualizemultiple scenarios to better understand how a process can be optimized.

In Part 3, you learned about Modeler's simulation environment and how to enhancethe high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed thesimulation features, and how to control the runtime attributes so you can simulateand analyze your processes under various conditions. This lets you essentiallypreview how a process will perform in a real-life work environment.

In this tutorial, you'll learn how to use Modeler to:

• Validate and debug the process flow

• Evaluate change to the model

• Identify process improvement opportunities

Process simulation recap

As discussed in Part 3, simulations provide two types of information aboutprocesses:

• Simulation statistics, which are generated while the simulation isrunning.

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 3 of 27

Page 4: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

• Simulation results, which are compiled when the simulation hascompleted.

Physically watching the animated process helps you visualize task bottleneckswhere tokens accumulate in the queue. Once a simulation is complete, the resultscan be evaluated and the process can be revised accordingly to achieve the mosteffective execution. The simulation results represent details about the process as awhole, as well as the individual tasks and connections in the process. Analyzing theresults can help identify resource usage issues, including process revenues, costs,and profits.

The Processes view contains data relating to the simulated process, including starttimes, revenues, costs, and profits. The Tasks view has statistics relating to tasksperformed within the process, including the current number of active instances ofeach task, and cumulative cost, revenue, and profit for each task. The Connectionsview shows the quantity of tokens transferred between each activity in the process.The Connections view can provide information regarding path traversal, such asidentifying which paths are under-utilized.

We'll demonstrate by using the imported Quickstart Finance sample that is shippedwith Modeler. This sample includes simulation snapshots for the To Be LoanApplication process.

Quickstart Finance case study: Simulation review

After you have imported the Quickstart Finance sample project, open the firstsimulation profile in the first simulation snapshot, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Quickstart Finance simulation profile

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 4 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 5: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Set the token creation attribute to 100 tokens, as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Set token creation attribute

Run the simulation without animation and view the results. We chose to view theresults across all process instances. In Figure 3, note that the Tasks results showthat all tasks were activated at least once. This means the token setting wasadequate to activate all the process cases.

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 5 of 27

Page 6: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Figure 3. Quickstart Finance Tasks results

We can also confirm that all the connections were activated, as shown in Figure 4,which further validates the token creation setting.

Figure 4. Quickstart Finance Connections results

Visual analysis of the simulation results can be helpful in identifying process issues,but Modeler also includes advanced analysis and validation features. Next, we'lldiscuss these features and how they can be used to provide targeted and moredetailed model analysis.

Analyzing the process model

Modeler supports multiple ways to investigate different aspects of your business andits processes, to gather information on current state, and to evaluate proposedchanges. After initial validation resulting in an error-free process, you can performseveral types of additional analysis on the model elements that you have created ina project, on simulation profiles, and on simulation results as follows:

• Static analysis is used to examine specific details of the contents of your

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 6 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 7: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

modeling projects.

• Profile analysis is used to review the details of a simulation profile.

• Dynamic analysis is used to evaluate the simulation results generatedafter you run a simulation.

Each of these analysis categories is explained in more detail in the rest of thistutorial.

Section 3. Static analysis

Modeler provides a variety of static analysis functions that let you extract specifictypes of important business information from your models. Static analysis canprovide relative costs for multiple scenarios, but, most importantly, it provides ameans of validating your model prior to simulation.

The static analysis functions are:

• Process model analysis functions, which includes functions relating toprocess models in their static state.

• Organization model analysis, which includes two analysis functions fororganization models that allow you to identify the usage and position oforganization model elements within structures and structure definitions.

• Resource model analysis, which includes functions that extractinformation on resources, roles, and timetables that you have defined inyour project.

• Element Type analysis , which includes three types of general analysisfunctions used to determine the relationships between model elements.

Process model analysis

Process model analysis provides information on the contents of a specific processmodel, and includes the functions in the following table.

Table 1. Process model analysis functionsFunction Description

Activities by classifier analysis Returns the activities of the process that areassociated with each classifier value of selectedclassifiers.

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 7 of 27

Page 8: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Activities by location analysis Returns the activities of the process that areperformed at each location.

Activities by organization unit analysis Returns the activities of the process that areperformed by each organization unit.

Activity cost and duration analysis Returns the cost of each activity as a sum of theaverage costs of the allocated resources. It alsocomputes the total working duration of theallocated resources of each activity, and theminimum working duration of the activity.

Activities unable to start analysis Returns a list of the activities of the process thatcannot start.

Activity resource and role leveling analysis Compares the number of required resources orroles to the number of available resources orroles for each activity in the process.

Activity throughput analysis Determines the number of times that eachactivity in a process can deliver output in an hour.

Input and output paths analysis Displays a list of paths in a process that lead toor from an element that you select.

Path cycles analysis Returns a list of the paths in a process that havea closed loop of connectors and activities.

Paths unable to be followed analysis Returns a list of the paths in the process thatcannot be followed because of an invalid inputcriterion on an activity in the path.

Organization model analysis

The following organization model analysis functions are provided:

Table 2. Organizational model analysis functionsFunction Description

Entity structure analysis Shows the position of a selected entity in thestructures that you have defined.

Type structure analysis Shows the position of a selected type in thestructure definitions that you have defined.

Resource model analysis

Resource model analysis is a major aspect of analyzing processes becauseresources are typically the primary generators of cost and duration in a process.

The resource model analysis functions are:

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 8 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 9: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Table 3. Resource model analysis functionsFunction Description

Qualified resource cost analysis Determines the cost of one or more resourcesqualified for a particular role during a specifictime period.

Qualified resources for role analysis Shows the resources that are qualified to performone or more roles that you select for the analysis.

Qualified resource availability analysis Determines the periods during which one or morequalified resources is available to perform a role,beginning and ending with times that you specify.

Qualified resource availability for durationanalysis

Determines the periods during which one or morequalified resources for a certain role is availablefor a specified duration from a specified starttime.

Qualified resources costs summary analysis Determines the costs of providing a role in allperiods during which qualified resources areavailable between a specified start and end time.

Resource availability analysis Determines the periods during which a selectedresource is available, beginning and ending withtimes that you specify.

Resource availability for duration analysis Determines the periods during which a selectedresource is available for a specified duration,starting from a specified time.

Resource cost analysis Determines the cost of a resource during aspecific time period.

Resources costs summary analysis Determines the costs of multiple resources for allperiods during which the resources are availablebetween a specified start and end time.

Resource roles analysis Shows the details of the role qualifications of oneor more resources.

Role availability analysis Determines the periods during which a selectedrole is available, beginning and ending with timesthat you specify.

Role availability for duration analysis Determines the periods during which a selectedrole is available for a specified duration, startingfrom a specified time.

Role cost analysis Determines the cost of a role during a specifictime period.

Role costs summary analysis Determines the costs of multiple roles for allperiods during which the roles are availablebetween a specified start and end time.

Element type analysis

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 9 of 27

Page 10: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

The element type analysis functions are:

Table 4. Element type analysis functionsFunction Description

Type instance matching analysis Shows all the instances of a selected modelelement type that provides a type definition.

Type instance matching matrix analysis Allows you to view all the instances of aparticular model element that provides a typedefinition that you have created within a project.

Model element association matrix analysis Shows the associations between two types ofmodel elements.

Note: Some of the static analysis functions are available from the process diagramcontext menu (right-click the process editor background as shown in Figure 7), whileothers are only available from the project tree context menu (right-click the processnode in the project tree). In other words, if you can't find a particular function, tryusing a different context menu.

Quickstart Finance case study: Performing static analyses

Open the As Is Loan Application process and change the Resources value for theReview Loan Application task from 30 minutes to 30 hours, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5. Quickstart Finance - Define resource

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 10 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 11: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

As you can see, Kim Lee is an individual resource and is the only one assigned tothis task, which will create a major backlog in the process. Create a simulationsnapshot and open the simulation profile. Increase the total number of tokenscreated to 100. Simulate the process with animation and notice the high number oftokens waiting to be processed in the Review Loan Application task, as shown inFigure 6. You can see this occurring in both the process diagram and the resultsview.

Figure 6. Quickstart Finance – Animated simulation statistics

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 11 of 27

Page 12: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

We could also have used the activity throughput static analysis function to identifythe bottleneck, as shown in Figure 7, but this would only be relevant if we changedthe activity processing time to 30 hours. We changed the resource time andconfigured the simulation to use the resource time as the task processing time. Asdescribed in Part 3, simulation settings can be configured globally, at the snapshotor process profile scope.

Figure 7. Quickstart Finance – Static analysis activity throughput

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 12 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 13: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Useful pre-simulation static analysis functions

Some recommended static analysis tests to use prior to simulating a process areActivity unable to start and Paths unable to be followed. The Activity unable tostart analysis helps determine whether you have sufficient resources available,whether the input definitions are adequate, or whether some general syntacticalerrors exist in the process flow. The Paths unable to be followed analysis helpsidentify process cases that won't be executed during simulation. This is often causedby invalid probability definitions on choice elements. Note that the analysis resultsview highlights the relevant path and activities in the diagram editor for easyidentification.

A resource leveling exercise

Now let's look at how to determine whether sufficient resources are available for a

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 13 of 27

Page 14: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

particular process simulation. Complete the following steps to explore therelationship between a role and qualified individual resources:

1. Open the Loan Application (As Is) process for the Quickstart Financesample that is shipped with Modeler, and revise the Resources value forthe Review Loan Application task, as shown in Figure 8. It has a singleindividual resource, Kim Lee, who is qualified as the Team Lead role.

2. Add another role requirement for a Team Lead and set the Quantity to 2units. This requires that the Review Loan Application task has twoindividual resources available of role type Team Lead before it can start.Figure 8. Quickstart Finance - Resource role definition

3. Open the process, select the palette (as opposed to a specific processelement), and select Static Analysis => Activities Unable to Start. Asshown in Figure 9, you should see that the Review Loan Applicationactivity is listed in the results window stating that there are not enoughresource units available. If you change the role quantity to 1 or create an

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 14 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 15: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

additional individual resource of role type Team Lead and reanalyze, theresult will be empty, since adequate resources are now available to beginthe task.

Note: If you want to simulate the revised process at this point, you should create anew simulation snapshot in order to include the changes you have made to theunderlying process attributes.

Figure 9. Quickstart Finance static analysis - Activities unable to start analysis

For a full description of the types of static analysis and how to access each function,refer to the "Static analysis" topic in the Modeler online help.

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 15 of 27

Page 16: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Section 4. Simulation profile analysis

You can perform analyses on process simulation profiles before you simulate theiroperation. Because these analyses derive their results from the simulation profile,not from a simulation result, you don't need to run the simulation to perform them.

The types of profile analysis provided are simulation profile specification analysisand static process cases summary analysis.

Simulation profile specification analysis

Simulation profile specification analysis shows the simulation attribute settingsspecified for the activities in a simulation profile. This analysis is useful for sharingyour simulation settings and to document your simulation environment settings.

For each type of activity in the process, you can customize the analysis results sothat they display any or all of the following information:

• Activity Name

• Activity Duration

• Requirement Type

• Resource or Role Name

• Requirement Duration

• Quantity

• Quantity Unit

• Input or Output Criterion

• Distribution

• Processing Cost

• One Time Start-Up Cost

• Cost Accrued While Waiting for Resource

• Cost Accrued Time Unit

• Revenue

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 16 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 17: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Static process cases summary analysis

Static process cases summary analysis shows all the possible process cases thatcan be produced by the simulation profile. The analysis can return results for thetop-level process only, or for the top-level process and all of its subprocesses.

Analysis results for this function are based on the following assumptions andlimitations:

• All inputs and outputs in the process are assumed to have a minimumand maximum of 1.

• Repeated path cycles in the process flow are followed only once.

• The method of selecting a path is set to Based on probabilities to singlepath.

• Decisions are exclusive and do not support outputs on multiple paths.

• Each input or output can be used in only one input criterion or outputcriterion.

• The following modeling constructs are not supported: repositories,notification broadcasters, notification receivers, observers, timers, andmaps.

The static process cases summary analysis displays the following information:

• Case Name

• Probability

• Activity Name

• Total Cost

• Elapsed Duration

• Process Total Cost

• Process Elapsed Duration

Quickstart Finance case study: Performing profile analysis

1. Open the Loan Application (As Is) process profile for the QuickstartFinance sample that is shipped with Modeler.

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 17 of 27

Page 18: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

2. Change the resource values for the Review Loan Application back to theoriginal state as follows:

a. Remove the Team Lead role requirement.

b. Change the time required for the individual resource back to 30minutes.

3. Create a new process simulation snapshot and open the simulationprofile.

4. Right-click the simulation profile in the project tree, and select ProfileAnalysis => Static Process Cases Summary => All Level Summary.You should see the detailed case summary in the results view, as shownin Figure 10. Note that when you select a specific case, the relevant pathis highlighted in the simulation profile diagram. See a larger version ofFigure 10.Figure 10. Quickstart Finance profile analysis - process casesummary

For a full description of the types of simulation profile analysis and how to accesseach function, see "Profile analysis" in the Modeler online help.

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 18 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 19: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Section 5. Dynamic analysis

You can perform detailed analysis on the results of your simulations to extractinformation about scheduling, costs, output, and other statistics pertaining to yourprocesses. Dynamic analysis can provide more exact costs for case interactions formultiple scenarios.

You can perform four types of dynamic analysis with Modeler:

• Aggregated – statistical information about activities and resources usedin all process instances generated during a simulation.

• Process cases - statistics produced by all process cases in a simulation.

• Process instances - summary analysis to show process results foractivities within a particular instance of a process that is created during asimulation run.

• Process comparison - weighted average analysis results for twosimulated processes that use the same input parameters.

Aggregated

Aggregated analysis shows aggregate results for elements that have multipleinstances or are executed multiple times in the simulation of a process, such as anactivity or a resource.

Use aggregated analysis when you want to examine results for specific processelements, gathered from all process instances in a simulation, to understand howthe element performs when the process is run many times.

Aggregated analysis functions include:

Table 5. Aggregated analysis functionsFunction Description

Activity duration analysis Shows the average durations for all instances ofeach activity in the current simulation result.

Activity cost analysis Shows the average cost and revenue for allinstances of each activity in the currentsimulation result.

Activity cost per time unit analysis Computes the cost per time unit for each activityin a simulated process.

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 19 of 27

Page 20: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Activity statistics analysis Shows the statistics generated by all instances ofeach activity across all process instances in thecurrent simulation result.

Activity resource allocation analysis Shows information on the average resourceallocations for all instances of each activity in thecurrent simulation result.

Resource allocation summary analysis Provides summary information about the usageof resources in fulfilling the resource and rolerequirements of the process during simulation.

Resource usage analysis Shows information on the usage of eachresource that is allocated in a process simulation.

Resource usage summary analysis Provides aggregated summary information foreach resource used during a simulation run.

Classifier cost and duration analysis Shows information regarding the average costand duration of an entire classification ofactivities within the process.

Net present value and internal rate of return(NPV/IRR) analysis

Calculates the current net present value of aprocess. This analysis also calculates the internalrate of return necessary to produce a net presentvalue of zero by the end of the payback period.

Break even point analysis Calculates the number of times a process mustrun to generate enough profit to recover a fixedcost that you specify.

Process resource allocations analysis Examines how each activity in the processmakes use of its resources during the simulation,to help identify resource shortages, andunderstand how the resources required by anactivity contribute to the cost of performing theactivity itself.

Process resources analysis Shows a list of the resources used by theprocess and information about the averageallocations of the resources during a process run.

Process cases

Process cases analysis functions show statistics produced by all process cases in asimulation. A process case is the path that a process instance takes, in which unitsof work follow a particular pattern of connections and activities within a branchingprocess flow. Process case analyses show weighted average values for the resultsof simulated processes, where the average value is weighted for each process caseto account for the distribution of process instances to that case relative to othercases.

Use process cases analysis when you want to examine process-level data, gatheredfrom all process instances in a simulation, to understand how a process performs

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 20 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 21: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

when it is run many times. Process cases analysis organizes and averages thesimulation results generated for each process case, which demonstrates variationsin performance between different patterns of process flow. As a result of theseinvestigations, you might determine that you need to modify a process model toimprove the overall results or those for one or more cases. In addition to results foreach case, process cases analysis also provides weighted average results that takeall cases into account.

Process case analysis functions include:

Table 6. Process case analysis functionsFunction Description

Process cases summary analysis Shows summary details for all the process casesproduced during the simulation of a process.

Process duration analysis Shows process elapsed duration and throughputdetails for each process case in a simulation.

Process activities total time analysis Shows total duration of activities in a processcase.

Process cost analysis Shows the average cost and revenue for allprocess instances in each case in the currentsimulation result, and the weighted average costsand revenues for all process cases.

Process classifier cost and duration analysis Shows the costs and durations of activitiesassociated with each classifier value used in aprocess.

Process instances

Process instance analysis functions show process results for activities within aparticular instance of a process that is created during a simulation run. Each processinstance is a unique occurrence of the process, where:

• The arrival of inputs initiates the process.

• A sequence of activities defined by the process is performed.

• The process either completes successfully or it fails.

Process instance analysis includes the following functions:

Table 7. Process instance analysis functionsFunction Description

Process instances summary analysis Shows information about all process instancescreated during a simulation.

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 21 of 27

Page 22: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Process instance time analysis Shows the time periods for all instances of eachactivity in a selected process instance from asimulation result.

Process instance cost analysis Shows the average cost and revenue for allinstances of each activity in a selected processinstance from a simulation result.

Process instance resource allocation analysis Shows information about the resources allocatedto activities in a process instance.

Process instance activities free float analysis Identifies the activities in a process instance thatcan be allowed to take a longer time to completewithout affecting the overall duration of theprocess instance, and quantifies the allowableadditional duration for each of these activities.

Process instance critical path analysis Identifies the critical paths within a processinstance in a simulation. A critical path has thelongest duration among parallel paths in theprocess instance flow.

Process instance shortest path analysis Identifies the paths with the shortest durationamong parallel paths in a simulation processinstance.

Process comparison

All the comparison analysis functions are used to compare the weighted averageresults of two simulated processes that use the same input parameters.

Use process comparison analysis to quickly highlight differences in simulationresults between versions of a modeled process, or among simulations with differentparameters (for example, to compare an as-is process to a to-be process). Whenyou make changes to a process to optimize cost or throughput performance, youmay want to perform several types of comparison analysis to confirm that yourintended optimizations are realized, and that there are no unwanted side effects.

The weighted average results for each simulated process are the same as theweighted average results presented in process cases analysis.

Processes comparison analysis includes the following functions:

Table 8. Process comparison analysis functionsFunction Description

Processes duration comparison analysis Compares the weighted average duration resultsfor two process simulations that use the sameinput parameters.

Processes activities total time comparisonanalysis

Compares the weighted average total timeresults for two process simulations that use the

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 22 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 23: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

same input parameters.

Processes cost comparison analysis Compares the weighted average cost andrevenue results for two process simulations thatuse the same input parameters.

Processes NPV and IRR comparison analysis Compares process net present value (NPV) andinternal rate of return (IRR) analysis results fortwo process simulations that use the same inputparameters.

Processes break even comparison analysis Compares weighted average break even analysisresults for two process simulations that use thesame input parameters.

Processes resources time comparisonanalysis

Compares the weighted average resourceallocation durations for two process simulationsthat use the same input parameters.

Processes resources cost comparisonanalysis

Compares the weighted average resourceallocation costs for two process simulations thatuse the same input parameters.

Processes classifier duration comparisonanalysis

Compares the classifier weighted averageelapsed duration results for two processsimulations that use the same input parameters.

Processes classifier cost comparisonanalysis

Compares the classifier weighted average costresults for two process simulations that use thesame input parameters.

To summarize, a simulation yields a wealth of data, but without detailed analysis,that data has limited usefulness. To get the most from your simulation data, youneed to perform dynamic analysis on your results. Dynamic analysis lets you extracttargeted information based on the results of your process simulations.

Aggregated analysis lets you examine results for specific elements within a processaggregated across all process instances in a simulation without consideration ofcase matching. Process cases analysis generates statistics produced by all processcases in a simulation. Process instance analysis enables you to examine resultswithin a specific process instance. Finally, process comparison analysis is related toprocess cases analysis in that it compares the weighted average results for twodistinct simulation runs.

Quickstart Finance case study: Performing dynamic analyses

Once the process design is complete, it's recommended that you generatesimulation results for the current (As Is) and the proposed (To Be) processes. Thisallows you to compare the process results to ensure that the new process meets thedefined business objectives.

Complete the following steps to compare the processes provided in the sample

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 23 of 27

Page 24: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

project:

1. Open and run both the Loan Application (As Is) and the Loan Application(To Be) process simulation profiles for the Quickstart Finance sampleproject. Ensure that you use the same number of tokens (100).

2. Select the Loan Application (To Be) simulation profile, then selectDynamic Analysis => Processes Comparison Analysis => ProcessCost Comparison, and select the Loan Application (As Is) simulationresults to compare. You should see the detailed process cost comparisonsummary in the results view, as shown in Figure 11. See a larger versionof Figure 11.

Figure 11. Quickstart Finance dynamic analysis - process cost comparison

Notice the increased revenue (>30%), but also note that the revised process resultsin a significant loss (>300%). Now let’s compare the results weighted for eachprocess case:

1. Select the Loan Application (As Is) simulation result, then select DynamicAnalysis => Processes Cases Analysis => Process Cost. You shouldsee the detailed process cost comparison summary in the results view, asshown in Figure 12.Figure 12. Quickstart Finance, dynamic analysis, process cost bycase (As Is)

2. Repeat for the To Be process simulation results, as shown in Figure 13.Figure 13. Quickstart Finance, dynamic analysis, process cost bycase (To Be)

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 24 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 25: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Note that even though the revised process results in more loans approved and fundsdisbursed (that is, increased activation of the revenue-producing activity), theweighted average profit across the cases is still lower for the To Be process than forthe As Is process. In summary, the original process barely posted profits, but theproposed process appears to require an additional investment in resources that can'tbe justified. Therefore, the analyst should revisit the model and try a differentapproach.

For a full description of the types of analysis you can perform on your simulationresults and how to access each function, see "Dynamic analysis" in the Modeleronline help.

Section 6. Summary

In this tutorial, you learned how to use simulation results to validate the process flowwithin the model, apply comparison features to evaluate the impact of change to themodel, and discover potential process bottlenecks. You also learned about thenumerous static, profile and dynamic analysis functions supported by WebSphereBusiness Modeler that you can use to help identify process improvementopportunities and validate that the process model meets requirements.

In Part 5 of this series, you’ll learn how to execute predefined and custom queries toextend the analysis support covered in this tutorial. You'll also examine how togenerate formatted analysis report documentation using predefined and customreport templates. Finally, in Part 6 you'll learn how to create a business measuresmodel that will enable your company to monitor, analyze, and report on actualruntime data.

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 25 of 27

Page 26: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

Resources

Learn

• Test 992, IBM WebSphere Business Modeler Advanced V6.1, BusinessAnalysis and Design: Become an IBM-Certified Business Process Analyst.Check out the objectives, sample assessment tests, and training resources forTest 992.

• IBM WebSphere Business Process Management Information Center: Getcomplete documentation on the Version 6.1 IBM WebSphere Business ProcessManagement products.

• developerWorks WebSphere business process management zone: Get thelatest technical resources for WebSphere BPM solutions, including articles,tutorials, events, downloads, and more.

• Business Process Management: Modeling through Monitoring UsingWebSphere V6.0.2 Products: This IBM Redbook introduces the concepts ofbusiness process management, the IBM products that support businessprocess management, and examines a detailed case study.

• IBM Training: Check out this site for more information on training opportunitiesfor IBM products and technologies.

Get products and technologies

• WebSphere Business Modeler Advanced Version 6.1: Download a free trialversion.

• Downloads: Build your next development project with IBM trial software,available for download directly from developerWorks.

Discuss

• WebSphere Business Modeler forum: Ask questions and talk to other Modelerusers in this developerWorks forum.

• Forums and community: Participate in developerWorks blogs and get involvedin the developerWorks community.

About the author

Lori SmallLori Small is a Senior Business Analyst consulting at Verizon Business. Previously,Lori worked at IBM for 10 years in WebSphere Portal Content Managementdevelopment, the SMB Emerging Technologies group, Tivoli event management andas a solution architect for the IBM Software Group On Demand Solution Center

developerWorks® ibm.com/developerWorks

Validate and analyze business processesPage 26 of 27 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved.

Page 27: WebSphere Business Modeler certification exam 992 prep, Part 4: … · 2010-01-15 · the high-level process model with underlying business data. We also discussed the simulation

(ODSC). You can reach Lori at [email protected].

ibm.com/developerWorks developerWorks®

Validate and analyze business processes© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. All rights reserved. Page 27 of 27