Name: Block:

Describing Matter Vocabulary Write the correct word in the blank next to its definition.

1)A property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter.

2)A change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance.

3)A property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with new properties.

4)A change that occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties.

5)States that mass is neither created nor destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes.

6) Fill in the chart below, following the example:

Property

Description

Physical or chemical property?

size

how large or small something is

physical

mass per unit volume

a measure of how easily a substance will catch on fire

the physical form in which a substance exists (examples: solid, liquid, gas)

tendency to undergo chemical reactions

ability to be molded into a different shape, or pounded into thin sheets

how glossy or shiny a substance is

the ability to dissolve into another substance

ability to be drawn or pulled into a wire

7)Give an example of the Law of Conservation of Mass in action. Describe your example.

8)Give three examples of a physical change.

a.

b.

c.

9)Give three examples of a chemical change.

a.

b.

c.

10)List the four signs of a chemical change.

a.

b.

c.

d.

11)What is the major difference between a chemical change and a physical change?

12)Why is being flammable a chemical property rather than a physical one?

13)Describe some ways that you can separate mixtures by their physical properties.

14)Draw a series of diagrams below showing the steps for a solubility test on salt. (Use the universal solvent as the solvent for your test.) Label the solute, solvent, and the solution.

Energy Vocabulary Write the word that best completes each statement.

15)The ability to do work is .

16)The energy of motion is energy.

17)The energy of position or shape is energy.

18)The equation for potential energy is .

19) energy is caused by changes in the nuclei of atoms.

20) energy is the flow of electric current.

21)An energy is a change of one form of energy into another.

For each of the following pictures, complete the energy conversions by writing the correct form of energy.

22) _________________________ energy

23) Electrical energy to

24) Electrical energy to

to electrical energy.

__________________________ energy.

_________________________ energy.

25) Chemical energy to

26) ________________________ energy

27) _________________________ energy

_________________________ energy.

to electrical energy.

to sound energy.

28) ________________________ energy

29) _________________________ energy

30) _________________________ energy

to ______________________ energy.

to _____________________ energy.

to ______________________ energy.

Decide whether each item below describes kinetic energy or potential energy. Write KE for kinetic energy or PE for potential energy.

31) A new car battery.

32) A football player throwing a football.

33) A marble rolling on the floor of the classroom.

34) A flag blowing in the wind.

35) A diver standing on a diving board.

36) A can of gasoline waiting to be used in a lawnmower.

37) A tennis player hitting the ball over the net.

38) The lunch that you just ate sitting in your stomach waiting to be digested.

Answer the following questions.

39)In every energy conversion, some energy is always converted into

a.thermal energy.c.mechanical energy.

b.potential energyd.kinetic energy.

40)An object that has kinetic energy must be

a.lifted above the Earths surface.c.in motion.

b.at rest.d.none of the above

41)Which of the following is a renewable energy resource?

a.Fossil fuelsc.Nuclear

b.Solard.All of the above

42)Potential energy depends on

a.mass and speed.c.weight and height.

b.mass and weight.d.height and distance.

43)Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

a.Firewoodc.Corn

b.Steamd.Petroleum

44)A 25 kg ball is at rest on a balcony on Earth that is 30 m high. A cat knocks the ball off of the balcony. After falling down 10 m, what is its kinetic energy?

Hint: Use the Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer:

45)A 1000 kg car is racing at a velocity of 20 m/s. What will be its kinetic energy?

Answer:

Describing Matter & Energy Study Guide

Describing Matter & Energy Study Guide

Page 5 of 6

Page 1 of 6

46)Draw nuclear fission

47)Draw nuclear fusion

48)Which type of nuclear energy do we use in nuclear power plants?

49)List a pro and con for each of the energy resources below:

PRO (Reason to Use It)

CON (Reason Against Using It)

a. Nuclear

b. Fossil Fuels

c. Solar

d. Wind

e. Geothermal

f. Biomass

g. Hydroelectric

Complete the following word problems. Be sure to show your work and include units!

50)A helicopter is surveying the weather above Lunsford Middle School. The helicopter has 3205 J of kinetic energy and 2550 J of potential energy. How much mechanical energy does the helicopter have?

51)A construction worker lifts a wrecking ball 20 m into the air. If the wrecking ball weights 70 N, how much energy does the wrecking ball have when stationary at 20 m in the air?

52)A 135 N dirt bike is racing around a track. How much potential energy does the bike have at the top of a 300 cm jump? (Hint: A Joule is equivalent to a .)

53)A hawk with a mass of 1.4 kg is flying at the velocity of 54 m/s northeast. It has 500 J of potential energy. How much energy does this bird have in flight?

54)The Terminator is fighting Iron Man. At first, they are just standing on the top of a hovercraft. Together, they weigh 234 N and are 62 m above the ground. They fall 36 m. How much kinetic energy did they use during the fall? (Hint: Draw a picture to help you visualize the scenario.)