SKIN FILL-IN-THE-BLANK STUDY GUIDE

1) The weight of an average persons skin weighs around _____ pounds.

2) The _____ is the human bodys largest organ

3) The word ______ comes from a latin word that means to cover.

4) The most important function of the integumentary system is ________

5) The skin produces this vitamin ?

6) The skin is composed of what two main layers?

7) These two main layers can also be called the _____ membrane

8) The epidermis is made mostly of (dead / living) cells.

9) Most of the cells of the _____ undergo rapid cell division (mitosis)

10) As new cells are produces they push older cells to the surface of the skin. The older cells become flattened and begin making _____, a tough fibrous protein which forms the basic structure of hair, nails and calluses

11) Our thickest epidermis is on the ____ and _____

12) The epidermis contains melanocytes, cells that produce -----, a dark ____ pigment

13) Do light skinned or dark skinned people have more melanocytes or is the numb3er both the same?

14) The difference in our skin color is caused by the ____ of melanin the melanocytes produce.

15) The amount of melanin produced in skin depends on _____ and the length of time the skin is exposed to ____ radiation

16) Melanin is important for protection because it absorbs _____ which can damage DNA in skin cells and lead to deadly forms of skin _____

17) Why will a small scratch not cause any bleeding?

18) The skin serves as a ______ against infection and injury. It helps to regulate body _____. It removes ______ from the body and provides protection against ____ ____ from the sun.

19) The _____ is the innermost thick layer of the skin composed of living cells.

20) The top layer of the epidermis is the ______ layer

21) The bottom layer of the epidermis is the _____ layer

22) The dermis contains ____ vessels, ____ endings, glands, _____ organs, _____ muscles, and _____ follicles.

23) The ____ helps to control our body temperature.

24) On a cold day when the body needs to conserve heat the blood vessels _____

25) On hot days, the blood vessels ______

26) Tiny muscle fibers attach to _____ follicles contract and pull hair upright when you are cold or afraid, producing what is commonly called ____ _____

27) Beneath the dermis is the ______

28) The ______ layer is the word given when referring to both the epidermis and the dermis together

29) This is another word for the hypodermis?

30) The hypodermis is a layer of _____ and loose connective tissue that insulates the body and acts as an energy reserve

31) The dermis contains two types of glands, ______ glands and _____ glands

32) Its layers are made mostly of dead cells?

33) What contains salt, water and other compounds and helps to cool the body?

34) Oil glands also known as ____ glands produce a secretion known as ____ which keep the keratin rich epidermis flexible and waterproof and is also poisonous to some bacteria. Hormones control how much is produced.

35) Oil glands are connected by tiny _____ to hair follicles. If they become clogged with excessive amounts of sebum, dead cells and bacteria, the skin disorder ACNE can result

36) When friction separates the epidermis from the dermis and tissue fluid collects as a result, a ______ is formed

37) If the skin is subjected to pressure, the rate of mitosis increases and a thicker epidermis called a _____ is created

38) This type of burn is where only superficial epidermis is killed? There are no ____ in this type of burn

39) In a third degree burn, living tissue is exposed to the environment and is susceptible to _____ and ______.

40) Hair is produced by cells at the base of hair ______, tubelike pockets of epidermal cells that extend into the dermis

41) Individual hairs are actually large columns of dead cells that have filled with _____

42) Hair gets its color from ______

43) Hair follicles are in close contact with _____ glands whose secretions maintain the condition of each hair

44) Hair protects and _____ the body

45) What grows faster, fingernails or toenails?

46) What gives nails a pinkish color