ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fCover sheet ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fTo be accepted for grading it must be in order and signedPlease go through the paper work with your student. Test and packet due on 11/16 odd 11/15 even

PH 4. e. Students know radio waves, light, and X-rays are different wavelength bands in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves whose speed in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 108 m/s (186,000 miles/second).

PH 4. f. Students know how to identify the characteristic properties of waves: interference (beats), diffraction, refraction, Doppler effect, and polarization.

Objective Understand the differences between wavelengths of Electro-Magnetic Spectrum. Identify the processes of waves interacting; Such as Interference, Polarization, Refraction, Diffraction and the Doppler Effect

Language objective To use the distinct regions of the spectrum correctly, radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, and gamma ray waves. Students can use the wavelength and frequency to describe a particular wave type. Understand the main difference between constructive and destructive interference. Explain how waves interact with other waves and materials using the terms, polarized, Doppler shifted, red-shift, blue-shift, normal and surface plain.

Standard Physics 4- Waves have characteristic properties that do not depend on the type of wave. As a basis for understanding this concept: PH 4. e. Students know radio waves, light, and X-rays are different wavelength bands in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves whose speed in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 108 m/s (186,000 miles/second). Electromagnetic waves consist of changing electric and magnetic fields. Because these fields are always perpendicular to the direction in which a wave moves, an electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave. The electric and magnetic fields are also always perpendicular to each other. Concepts of electric and magnetic fields are introduced in Standard Set 5, “Electric and Magnetic Phenomena,” in this section. The range of wavelengths for electromagnetic waves is very large, from less than nanometers (nm) for X-rays to more than kilometers for radio waves. The human eye senses only the narrow range of the electromagnetic spectrum from 400 nm to 700 nm. This range generates the sensation of the rainbow of colors from violet through the respective colors to red. In a vacuum all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed of 3 × 108 m/s (or 186,000 miles per second). In a medium the speed of an electromagnetic wave depends on the medium’s properties and on the frequency of the wave. The ratio of the speed of a wave of a given frequency in a vacuum to its speed in a medium is called that medium’s index of refraction. For visible light in water, this number is approximately 1.33.

Period____Name __________________________

Sign__________________________

Parent/Guardian: Print_______________________________

Sign________________________________ Assignment list1. Cover2. WCW3. Standards Make three questions with answers for each standard 4. Vocabulary Bold, italic, underlined in standards- definition (12)5. Notes Electro-Magnetic SpectrumSome items must be written on it from class onlyIDRDP-Interference Diffraction Refraction Doppler effect Polarization6. Problems Electro-Magnetic Spectrum7. Notes Properties of IDRDP8. Problems Properties of IDRDP9. Study Guide10. CST prep

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fPH 4. f. Students know how to identify the characteristic properties of waves: interference (beats), diffraction, refraction, Doppler effect, and polarization. A characteristic and unique property of waves is that two or more can occupy the same region of space at the same time. At a particular instant, the crest of one wave can overlap the crest of another, giving a larger displacement of the medium from its condition of equilibrium; constructive interference. Also the crest of one wave can overlap the trough of another, giving a smaller displacement; destructive interference. The effect of two or more waves on a test particle is that the net force on the particle is the algebraic sum of the forces exerted by the various waves acting at that point. If two overlapping waves traveling in opposite directions have the same frequency, the result is a standing wave. There is a persistent pattern of having no displacement in some places, called nulls or nodes, and large, oscillating displacements in others, called maxima or antinodes . If two overlapping waves have nearly the same frequency, a node will slowly change to a maximum and back to a node, and a maximum will slowly change to a node and back to a maximum. For sound waves this periodic change leads to audible, periodic changes from loud to soft, known as beats. Diffraction describes the constructive and destructive patterns of waves created at the edges of objects. Diffraction can cause waves to bend around an obstacle or to spread as they pass through an aperture. The nature of the diffraction patterns of a wave interacting with an object depends on the ratio of the size of the obstacle to the wavelength. If this ratio is large, the shadows are nearly sharp; if it is small, the shadows may be fuzzy or not appear at all. Therefore, a hand can block a ray of light, whose average wavelength is about 500 nm, but cannot block an audible sound, whose average wavelength is about 100 cm. The bending of water waves around a post and the diffraction of light waves when passing through a slit in a screen are examples of diffraction patterns. Refraction describes a change in the direction of a wave that occurs when the wave encounters a boundary between one medium and another provided that the media have either different wave velocities or indexes of refraction and provided that the wave arrives at some angle to the boundary other than perpendicular. At a sharp boundary, the change in direction is abrupt; however, if the transition from one medium to another is gradual, so that the velocity of the wave changes slowly, then the change in the wave’s direction is also gradual. Therefore, a ray of light that passes obliquely from air to water changes its direction at the water’s surface, but a ray that travels through air that has a temperature gradient will follow a bent path. A ray of light passing through a saturated solution of sugar (sucrose) and water, which has an index of refraction of 1.49, will not change direction appreciably on entering a colorless, transparent piece of quartz submersed in the solution because the quartz has an almost identical index of 1.51. The match in indexes makes the quartz nearly invisible in the sugar-water solution. Another interesting phenomenon, the Doppler Effect, accounts for the shift in the frequency of a wave when a wave source and an observer are in motion relative to each other compared with when they are at relative rest. This effect is most easily understood when the source is at rest in some medium and the observer is approaching the source at constant speed. The interval in time between each successive wave crest is shorter than it would be if the observer were at rest, and so the frequency observed is larger. The general rule, for observers moving at velocities much less than the velocity of the wave in its medium, is that the change in frequency depends only on the velocity of the observer relative to the source. Therefore, the shriek of an ambulance siren has a higher pitch when the source approaches and a lower pitch when the source recedes. For an observer following the ambulance at the same speed, the siren would sound normal. Similar shifts are observed for visible light. Polarization is a property of light and of other transverse waves. Transverse waves are those in which the displacement of a test particle is always perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels. When that displacement is always parallel to a particular direction, the wave is said to be (linearly) polarized. A ray of light emitted from a hot object, like a lamp filament or the sun, is un-polarized; such a ray consists of many component waves overlapped so that there is no special direction perpendicular to the ray in which a test particle is favored to move. The components of an un-polarized ray can be sorted to select such a special direction and so make one or more polarized rays. An un-polarized ray that is partly reflected and partly transmitted by an angled sheet of glass is split into rays that are polarized; an un-polarized ray can become polarized by going through a material that allows only waves corresponding to one special direction to pass through.

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, f

Item 7.2 WCW

Topic: The characteristic properties of Electromagnetic Waves

Standard: PH 4. e. Students know radio waves, light, and X-rays are different wavelength bands in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves whose speed in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 108 m/s (186,000 miles/second)

Objective: Understand the interactions of Electromagnetic waves With each other and matter

Warm-up Describe the wave equation variables

v = s_____ or v______f = f______λ = w______

wavelength, frequency, speed, velocity

Critical thinking v=(f) (λ) changed to this v = (2f) ( λ / ?)Can you see the difference?ex. v= 20 = 2(10) v= 20 = 4(5)

If the Frequency doubles then the wavelength must be divided by ____?____ in-order for the speed of light to remain the same When light and a material are involved, such as Light through air then water, the speed of light and the direction of light changes

Give the ratio for the Index of Refraction, see standard #4.E

Speed of a wave of a given frequency in a vacuum = Index of nSpeed in a medium is called that medium’s Refraction

Wrap-up Sketch and describe- What type of EM wave? What Wavelength? Use item #5

A. B.

D.

Speed

Wavelength Frequency

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fC.

Item 7.2 WCWTopic: Electromagnetic Wave: Uses, Hazards, InteractionsStandard: PH 4. e. Radio waves, light, and X-rays are Different wavelength bands in the spectrum of electromagnetic Waves whose speed in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 108 m/s (186,000 miles/second)Objective: Understand the wave equation

Warm- up Sketch and describe- give

possible types of

wavelength

\

Critical Thinking Wave Equation: v = λ ƒ

Horizontal line = Divide Vertical line = Multiply

Wrap-up just practice the equation, the difference will be the values, like v = c from item #5

λ= v / ƒ ƒ = v / λ v = ƒ λ Units m Hz or 1/s m/s

A. Electrocution X-ray

B.Sun burn UV

C. Radioactive Gamma

D. No cell phones Radio

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fEx Find λ when

v = 10m/sƒ = 5 Hz

v = (10m/s) / (5Hz)or = (10m/s) / 5 (1/s) = 2 m

Find ƒ whenv = 10m/sλ = 5 m

v = (10m/s) / (5m) = 2 (1/s) Or 2 Hz

Find v whenƒ = 10 1/sλ = 5 m

v = (10 1/s) (5m) = 20 (m/s)

Item 7.2 WCWTopic: Electromagnetic Waves are all around Us

Standard: PH 4. f. Students know how to identify the characteristic properties of waves: Interference (beats), Diffraction, Refraction, Doppler Effect and Polarization

Objective: Understand the interactions of Electromagnetic waves with each other and matter

Warm-up Sketch and describe- Why so Blue?

A. Blue bends the most

B. Blue bends the most

C. Blue bends the most

D. Blue reflects

Critical thinkingWhat is the main difference between Diffraction and refraction? Use item 7.7

Wrap-up Sketch and describe

A. Waves have diff. Energy

B. Wavelengths, diff color

C. Transverse wave D. Longitudinal wave

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, f

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fItem 7.2 WCW Topic: Electromagnetic Waves Standard: PH 4. f. Students know how to identify the characteristic properties of waves: Interference (beats), Diffraction, Refraction, Doppler Effect and PolarizationObjective: Understand the facts about the Electromagnetic spectrum

Warm-up

Give the wave type and describe the characteristics of that type for sound and light Word bank- Transverse Vacuum Medium (twice) Longitudinal Parallel Perpendicular Sound is _____1_____wave which is a wave that only travels through a________2________ because the displacement of the medium is_____3_____ to the propagation of the wave. Light is a _____4______wave which is a wave that can travel in both a _____5______ and a _____6______this is because the displacement of the medium is ______7______to the propagation of the wave.

Critical thinking

Why is the wave said to be in a red shift or blue shift when describing Doppler Effect?Word bank- Away Red Toward Blue Frequency The Doppler Effect is the change in pitch or ___1_____due to wave or object motion. If the object making the noise (or light) moves __2___ a stationary person then the sound (light) is heard (seen) as a __3___shift. If the object making the noise (or light) moves ___4___ from a stationary person then the sound heard and light seen is said to be ___5__shifted.

Wrap-upone special direction Linearly- polarized un-polarized (3) Transverse always parallel Polarization perpendicular

_____________ is a property of light and of other transverse waves. _________________ waves are those in which the displacement of a test particle is always perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels. When that displacement is ___________________ to a particular direction, the wave is said to be _____________________.A ray of light emitted from a hot object, like a lamp filament or the sun, is un-polarized; such a ray consists of many component waves overlapped so that there is no special direction _________________ to the ray in which a test particle is favored to move. The components of an ___________________ ray can be sorted to select such a special direction and so make one or more polarized rays. An _________________ ray that is partly reflected and partly transmitted by an angled sheet of glass is

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fsplit into rays that are polarized; an ___________________ ray can become polarized by going through a material that allows only waves corresponding to ___________________________ to pass through.

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fItem 7.4 vocabulary

1. Index of Refraction . The ratio of the speed of a wave of a given frequency in a vacuum to its speed in a medium is called that medium’s. For visible light in water, this number is approximately 1.33.

2. Constructive Interference the crest of one wave can overlap the crest of another, giving a larger displacement of the medium from its condition of equilibrium

3. Destructive Interference the crest of one wave can overlap the trough of another, giving a smaller displacement;

4. Nulls or Nodes a persistent pattern of having no displacement in some places5. Maxima or A ntinodes large, oscillating displacements in some places 6. Beats For sound waves this periodic change leads to audible, periodic changes from loud to soft, 7. Diffraction describes the constructive and destructive patterns of waves created at the edges of

objects. 8. Refraction describes a change in the direction of a wave that occurs when the wave encounters a

boundary between one medium and another provided that the media have either different wave velocities or indexes of refraction and provided that the wave arrives at some angle to the boundary other than perpendicular.

9. Doppler Effect accounts for the shift in the frequency of a wave when a wave source and an observer are in motion relative to each other compared with when they are at relative rest.

10. Polarization is a property of light and of other transverse waves. 11. Transverse waves are those in which the displacement of a test particle is always perpendicular to the

direction in which the wave travels. 12. Linearly Polarized When displacement of a wave is always parallel to a particular direction. A ray

of light emitted from a hot object, like a lamp filament or the sun, is un-polarized

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fItem 7.5 Notes Electro-Magnetic Spectrum

Radio waves, light, and X-rays are different wavelength bands in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves whose speed in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 108 m/s (186,000 miles/second).

1. Electromagnetic waves consist of changing electric and

magnetic fields

always perpendicular to the direction in which a wave moves, transverse wave

perpendicular to each other

2. Wavelength Range Electromagnetic Spectrum is very large: From Radio to Gamma rays

3. Visible Light The human eye senses only a narrow range of the electromagnetic spectrum from 400 nm to 700 nm. This range generates colors

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fContinue item #5

4. Speed In a vacuum all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed

“Speed of light” c = 3 × 108 m/s 186,000 miles /s

UV light Can kill Tuberculosis bacteria. It must be at the same frequency as light with a wavelength of 254nanometers. Calculate the Frequency

C=fλ

5. In a medium the speed of an electromagnetic wave depends on the medium’s properties and on the frequency of the wave. Light frequency and wavelength changes in a material

6. The ratio of the speed of a wave of a given frequency in a vacuum to its speed in a medium is called that medium’s index of refraction

Visible light in water,Index of Refraction

Water = 1.33Oil =1.47Air = 1.0

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fProperties of a wave:– Wavelength- Lambda, λ units- m, meters

Peak to the next peakEnergy wavelengthRadio = 1000m = 103mVisible Light = between 400nm and 750nm0.0000004 m = 400 x 10-9 m = 400 nmX-rays = 0.000000000001m = 10-12m

– Amplitude - Amp or A units – m, meters“Height” of the wave

– Frequency – ƒ units- Hertz, Hz or 1/sAmount of wave passing a spot every second1 Hertz = 1 Hz = 1 wave/second = 100Hz 1 kilohertz = 1 kHz = 1000 Hz = 1 x103 Hz1 megahertz = 1 million Hz = 1 x 106 Hz

Using the ‘wave equation’ : – v= ƒ λ or c = ƒ λ c = 3 x 108 m/s

Vacuum -outer space Speed of all EM waves = 300 million m/sGeneralSpeed (m/s) = frequency (Hz) x wavelength (m)

The EM spectrum:– Different regions which depend

on the properties of the EM spectra– R-M-I-V-U-X-G– Electrical and magnetic disturbances that transfer energy

All travel at speed of light– Energy transferred by wavelength– Put into groups according to wavelength– Different waves lengths = different effects

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fNotes:

1. Electromagnetic waves-Radio, TV, Microwave, Infrared, Visible light, Ultra-Violet, X-ray, Gamma ray

2. Interference- the superposition of two or more waves resulting in a new wave pattern

3. Constructive interference- two waves that are in phase, sharing the same frequency and with amplitudes A1 and A2. Their troughs and peaks line up and the resultant wave will have amplitude A = A1 + A2.

4. Destructive interference- two waves are π radians, or 180°, out of phase, then one wave's crests will coincide with another waves' troughs and so will tend to cancel itself out. The resultant amplitude is A = |A1 − A2|. If A1 = A2, the resultant amplitude will be zero.

5. Node- minimum in the electromagnetic wave6. Antinode- maximum in the electromagnetic wave7. Diffraction- the apparent bending of waves around small

obstacles and the spreading out of waves past small openings.8. Refraction- change in direction of a wave due to a change in its speed9. Doppler Effect- the change in frequency of a wave for an observer

moving relative to the source of the wave10. Polarization- the orientation of oscillations in the plane

perpendicular to a transverse wave's direction of travel

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, f

Item 7.6 Problems EM waves

1. λ stands for Wavelength the units are meters

2. You measure them from crest to crest

3. Radio waves has a wavelength of 10 3

4. X-rays have a wavelength of 10 -10

5. Amp or A stands for amplitude the units meters

6. Means the height of the wave

7. ƒ stands for Frequency the units are Hertz

8. Amount of wave passing a spot every second is the waves Frequency

9. The wave equation is given by v = f λ

10. Outer space has no atmosphere and is known as a vacuum

11. The speed of all EM waves is the speed of light given by

300,000,000m/s

12. E-M stands for Electromagnetic spectrum

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, f Item 7. 7 Notes IDRDP

I n t e r f e r e n c eC o n s t r u c ti v e - a d d i n g w a v e s m a k e s b i g g e r w a v e D e s t r u c ti v e - a d d i n g w a v e s m a k e s s m a l l e r w a v e

D i ff r a c ti o n - b e n d i n g p a tt e r n o f l i g h t a r o u n d m a t e r i a lR e f r a c ti o n - b e n d i n g o f l i g h t t h r o u g h m a t e r i a l

R e fl e c ti o n - M i r r o r i m a g e o f a n o b j e c t

D o p p l e r E ff e c t - r e d , l o w e r f r e q u e n c y , a w a y - b l u e , h i g h e r f r e q u e n c y , t o w a r d

P o l a r i z a ti o n - t h e o r i e n t a ti o n o f t h e o s c i l l a ti o n i n a w a v e i s p e r p e n d i c u l a r t o m o ti o n ( r o l l e r c o a s t e r )

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fItem 7.8 Problems Properties of IDRDP

1. Reflection occurs when a wave __________ A) causes ripples in a pool of water B) compresses air particles as it travels C) strikes an object and bounces off of it D) bends and changes speeds as it travels

2. The __________ is an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface of a medium where a wave strikes it.

A) incidence B) diffraction grating C) interference D) normal

3. __________ occurs when waves bend around a barrier.

A) Reflection B) Refraction C) Interference D) Diffraction

4. Why can't you see your reflection in a brick wall?A) Light rays are reflected in only one

direction from the rough surface. B) Reflection of light from a rough surface is

regular reflection. C) No light is reflected from a brick wall. D) Light rays are reflected in many directions

from the uneven surface.

5. The bending of a light wave as it moves from one medium into another is called __________

A) reflection B) diffraction grating C) interference D) refraction

6. Which of the following is true?A) You can hear sounds from a room you haven't

entered because of the refraction of sound waves.

B) You can see into a room that is around a corner because of the extensive diffraction of light waves.

C) You can hear sounds from a room you haven't entered because of the diffraction of sound waves.

D) You can see into a room that is around a corner because of the refraction of light waves.

7. The process in which two waves overlap and form a new wave is called __________

A) wave joining B) refraction C) interference D) diffraction

8. __________ occurs when the crest of one wave overlaps the trough of another wave.

A) Constructive interference B) Wave cancellation C) Amplitude shift interference D) Destructive interference

9. __________ occurs when the crest of one wave overlaps the crest of another wave.

A) Destructive interference B) Constructive interference C) Rarefaction D) Diffraction

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, f

10. Polarization of light is described by the …A. Parallel motion to the wave's

direction of travelB. Perpendicular motion to the wave's

direction of travel

11. The shift to larger wavelengths by motion away from the observer is called a ____shift

A Red B Blue

12. The shift to shorter wavelengths caused by motion toward the observer is called a ____ shift.

A Red B Blue

Circle correct response

13. Reflection occurs when a wave strikes an object and _______ (transmits or bounces) off of it

14. The normal is an imaginary line ______(parallel or perpendicular) to the surface of a medium where a wave strikes it.

15. Diffraction occurs when waves bend _________ (through or around) a barrier.

16. Why can't you see your reflection in a brick wall?Light rays are reflected in ______ (many or few) directions from the uneven surface.

17. The Doppler effect occurs for ____ wavelengths of light, not just the visible spectrum

A. A All B A certain

18. The direction of light propagation can be changed at the boundary of two media having different densities. This property is called ____________

B. A Diffraction B Refraction

19. Because light is a wave, it has the capability to "bend around corners", ____________

C. A Diffraction B Refraction

Circle correct response

20. The bending of a light wave as it moves from one medium _____ (off or into) another is called refraction

21. You can hear sounds from a room you haven't entered because of the __________ (refraction or diffraction) of sound waves.

22. The process in which two waves _______ (overlap or miss) and form a new wave is called interference

23. Destructive interference occurs when the crest of one wave overlaps the_____ ( crest or trough) of another wave.

24. Constructive interference occurs when the crest of one wave overlaps the _____ ( crest or trough) of another wave.

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, f

Item 7.9 Studyguide

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, f

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fItem 7.10 ICS 1 Block 7 CST PREP Wave Properties

Order the Electromagnetic wave types by wavelength, largest to smallest:Gamma, Radio, Visible, Radio, Ultra-Violet, Microwave, X-ray, Infrared

_________,___________,__________,__________,__________,__________,_________

1. ______Interference2. ______Constructive

interference3. ______Destructive

interference4. ______Node5. ______Antinode6. ______Diffraction7. ______Refraction8. ______Doppler Effect9. ______Polarization

a) Maximum in the electromagnetic waveb) The orientation of oscillations in the plane perpendicular to a

transverse wave's direction of travel c) Change in direction of a wave due to a change in its speedd) Two waves that are in phase, sharing the same frequency and with

amplitudes A1 and A2. Their troughs and peaks line up and the resultant wave will have amplitude A = A1 + A2.

e) The superposition of two or more waves resulting in a new wave pattern

f) The apparent bending of waves around small obstacles and the spreading out of waves past small openings

g) Minimum in the electromagnetic waveh) Two waves are π radians, or 180°, out of phase, then one wave's

crests will coincide with another waves' troughs and so will tend to cancel itself out. The resultant amplitude is A = |A1 − A2|. If A1 = A2, the resultant amplitude will be zero.

i) The change in frequency of a wave for an observer moving relative to the source of the wave

Phy 4.a59. A sound wave is produced in a metal cylinder by striking one end. Which of the following occurs as the wave travels along the cylinder? A Its amplitude increases B Its frequency increases C It transfers matter D It transfers energy

60. The graph below depicts the relationship between wave energy and wave amplitude.

How is the energy of the wave affected if the amplitude of the wave increases from 2 meters to 4 meters? A It is halved B It is doubled C It is quadrupled D It remains the same.

0 1 2 3 4 5 60

10

20

30

40

50

60

Energy - kilojoules

Energy - kilojoules

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, fPhy 4.b61. A radio station transmits to a receiving antenna. The radio wave sent is a A sound wave B torsional wave C longitudinal wave D transverse wave

62. A stretched spring attached to two fixed points is compressed on one end and released, as shown below. The resulting wave travels back and forth between the two fixed ends of the spring until it comes to a stop. This mechanical wave is an example of a A transverse wave B longitudinal wave C superposition wave D refracted wave

63 One end of a horizontal string is caused to oscillate vertically while the other end is attached to a fixed object. The wave that travels along the string is an example of A an electromagnetic wave B a transverse wave C a microwave D a longitudinal wave

Phy 4.d69. Sound waves cannot carry energy through A water B air C a mirror D a vacuum

Ph 4.e70 Where does visible light fall on the electromagnetic spectrum?

A between x-rays and gamma rays B between short-wave radio and televisionC between infrared and ultraviolet D between microwaves and infrared

71. In a vacuum, radio waves, visible light, and x-rays all have the same

A wavelength B speed C frequency D energy

Ph 4.f72 Objects appear different in size and shape in a container of water due to

A refraction of the light waves B interference of the water and light wavesC polarization of the light waves D diffraction of the light waves

73 An engineer in a moving train blows the train’s horn. The train is moving away from a person standing on the ground. Compared to the frequency of the sound that the engineer hears, the person standing on the ground hears a sound with

A the same wavelength B more variation in tone C greater amplitude D a lower frequency

ICS 1 Sem1 Block 7 Light Standards Physics 4 e, f