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Cervical Disc Disease Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Supplementary Tables:
Table S1: Clinical Series Used in the Analysis
1st AuthorYear
Published# of cases operated
Study type Procedure Notes
Abd-Alrahman N11999 50 NRC Auto1999 40 NRC ACD
Acikbas CS2 2010 32 Ret ACDAnderson P3 2008 . RCT Allo, CDR See Bryan discBalabhadra RS4 2004 98 Ret Allo
Bärlocher CB5
2002 30 RCT Auto2002 36 RCT Spacer2002 33 RCT ACD
Bertagnoli R6 2005 27 Ret CDRBertalanffy H7 1988 450 Ret ACD
Bhadra AK8
2009 15 NRC Auto2009 30 NRC Spacer2009 15 NRC CDR
Bishop RC91996 60 NRC Auto1996 32 NRC Allo
Brenke C10 2012 22 RCT CDRBrigham CD11 1995 43 Ret AutoBrooke NS12 1997 19 Ret Auto
Bryan disc FDA exemption trial .
221 RCT Allo See Heller JG 2009, Anderson PA 2008, Sasso RC 2011242 RCT CDR
Burkus132010 265 RCT Allo2010 276 RCT CDR
Cao JM14 2011 29 RCT CDRCappelletto B15 2013 84 NRC CDRChen F16 2013 31 Ret CDRChen JF17 2005 63 Ret SpacerChung SB18 2012 29 RCT CDRCinotti G19 1996 46 Ret CDR
Coric D202011 133 RCT Allo2011 136 RCT CDR
Cuatico W 198121 81 Ret ACDDan NG22 1998 476 Ret ACDDavis23 2013 . RCT Auto, CDR See Mobi-Cde Tribolet N24 1981 17 Ret ACDDebusscher F25 2009 20 Pro Spacer
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Cervical Disc Disease Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Delamarter RB26 2013 239 RCT CDRDing C27 2012 32 Ret CDRDonaldson JW28 2002 64 Ret ACD
Dowd GC291999 44 RCT ACD,1999 40 RCT ACDF
Duggal N30 2004 26 Pro CDREnan A31 2011 14 Pro CDRErickson M32 2007 56 Pro AutoFaldini C33 2011 25 Ret SpacerFeiz-Erfan I34 2007 21 Pro AlloFengbin Y35 2013 58 Ret SpacerFernández-Fairen M36
2012 33 NRC Auto2012 28 NRC Spacer
Frempong-Boadu A37 2002 23 Pro AlloGaetani P38 1995 139 Ret ACDGhahreman A39 2009 55 Pro AutoGoffin J40 2010 98 Ret CDRGoldberg EJ41 2002 30 Ret AutoGrob D42 2010 73 Pro CDRGuérin P43 2012 40 Ret CDRHacker FM44 2013 94 Ret CDR
Hacker RJ452005 119 RCT Auto2005 271 RCT Spacer
Haden N46 2005 105 NRC ACD
Hauerberg J472008 40 RCT Spacer2008 46 RCT ACD
Heidecke V48 2008 54 Pro CDRHeller JG49 2009 . RCT Allo, CDR See Bryan discHuppert J50 2011 231 Pro CDRHusag L51 1997 240 NRC ACDJensen WK52 2009 91 Ret AlloKaiser MG53 2002 251 Ret AlloKasliwal MK54 2014 35 Ret SpacerKepler CK55 2010 20 Ret Spacer
Kesman T562012 22 RCT CDR2012 22 RCT ACDF
Kim SH57 2007 23 Ret CDR
Kim SJ582014 48 NRC Auto2014 48 NRC Spacer
Lafuente J59 2005 46 Pro CDR
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Cervical Disc Disease Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Lee JH60 2010 48 Ret CDRLi J61 2013 55 Pro CDRLi Y62 2013 23 Pro SpacerLied B63 2008 240 Pro AutoLieu A64 1998 42 Ret ACDLin CN65 2003 34 Ret Spacer
Lind BI662007 12 RCT Auto2007 12 RCT Spacer
Löfgren H672000 15 NRC Auto2000 14 NRC Allo
López-Oliva Muñoz F68 1998 34 Ret AutoLunsford LD69 1980 128 Ret ACD
Maldonado CV702011 85 NRC Spacer2011 85 NRC CDR
Malham G71 2013 24 Pro CDRMartin GJ Jr72 1999 317 Ret AlloMartino V73 1997 40 NRC ACD
Marzluff J742010 148 RCT Allo2010 151 RCT CDR
Mastronardi L75 2006 36 Ret SpacerMatge G76 2002 250 Ret SpacerMaurice-Williams RS77 1999 80 Ret ACD
McAfee PC782010 100 RCT Allo2010 151 RCT CDR
Mehren C79 2006 54 Ret CDRMiao J80 2013 79 Pro CDRMobi-C device FDA exemption trial
164 RCT CDRSee Singh K 2012; Davis RJ 201381 RCT Auto
Moreland DB812004 28 NRC Allo2004 37 NRC Spacer
Mummaneni82 2007 . RCT Allo, CDR See Prestige discMurrey83 2009 . RCT Auto, CDR See ProDisc
Nabhan A842007 21 RCT Spacer2007 20 RCT CDR
Nabhan A85 2009 40 RCTACDF
w/wo plateNanda A86 2013 1026 Ret AlloNandoe Tewarie RDS87 2007 456 Ret ACD
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Niu CC88 2010 53 Pro Spacer
Nunley PD89 2012 173 RCTACDF, CDR
Review of multiple RCTs
Nunley PD90 2013 763 RCTACDF, CDR
Review of multiple RCTs
Oktenoglu T91 2007 20 NRC ACDPalma L92 2010 110 Ret ACDPan HC93 2007 21 Ret AutoPark HW94 2009 31 Pro SpacerPark MS95 2004 26 Ret Allo
Park SB962012 18 NRC Spacer2012 15 NRC CDR
Payer M972006 12 NRC Auto2006 24 NRC Spacer
Peng CW98 2011 40 Pro CDR
Peolsson A992007 46 RCT Auto2007 49 RCT Spacer
Pettine KA1002010 31 RCT Allo2010 30 RCT CDR
Phillips FM1012013 185 RCT Allo2013 218 RCT CDR
Pickett GE102 2006 74 Pro CDRPimenta L103 2007 71 Pro CDRPitzen TR104 2009 132 Pro AutoPointillart V105 1995 68 Ret ACD
Porchet F1062004 28 RCT Auto2004 27 RCT CDR
Prestige disc FDA exemption trial
265 RCT Allo See Mummaneni PV 2007, Burkus JK 2010276 RCT CDR
ProDisc FDA exemption trial
106 RCT Auto See Murrey D 2009, Delamarter RB 2013103 RCT CDR
Profeta G1072000 58 NRC Auto2000 62 NRC Spacer
Quan GM108 2011 21 Pro CDRRao PJ109 2008 38 Ret ACDRen X110 2011 45 Pro CDR
Riina J1112008 9 RCT Allo2008 10 RCT CDR
Robertson JT112 1980 135 NRC ACDRobertson JT113 2005 158 NRC Spacer
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2005 74 NRC CDRRohe SM114 2009 54 Pro Spacer
Rollinghoff M1152012 23 NRC Spacer2012 19 NRC CDR
Ruetten S116 2009 103 Pro AutoRyu KS117 2010 36 Pro CDR
Sasso RC1182011 138 RCT Allo2011 181 RCT CDR
Savolainen S1191998 91 RCT Auto1998 31 RCT ACD
Schluessmann E120 2010 691 Pro CDR121 2006 54 Ret SpacerSekerci Z122 2006 20 Pro SpacerSekhon LH123 2004 11 Ret CDRShad A124 2005 22 Pro Spacer
Shapiro S1252001 111 NRC Auto2001 142 NRC Allo
Shim CS126 2006 61 Ret CDRSingh127 2012 . Ret Auto, CDR See Mobi-C
Song KJ1282006 41 NRC Auto2006 19 NRC Spacer
Song KJ129 2010 41 Pro SpacerSuchomel P130 2010 54 Ret CDR
Thorell W1311998 235 Ret Auto1998 290 Ret ACD
Tian W132 2010 50 Pro CDRTrahan J133 2011 38 Ret AlloTu TH134 2012 75 Ret CDRTüreyen K135 2003 43 Ret SpacerTzaan W136 2011 94 Pro ACD
Vaccaro A1372013 140 RCT Allo2013 240 RCT CDR
Walraevens J138 2010 87 Pro CDRWang MY139 2005 20 Ret AutoWang X140 2009 64 Ret SpacerWatters WC141 1994 62 Ret ACDWhite BD142 2005 87 Ret ACD
Wirth FP1432000 25 RCT ACD2000 25 RCT Auto
Wu JC144 2012 42 Ret CDRXie J145 2007 15 RCT ACD
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Cervical Disc Disease Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
2007 27 RCT alloYamamoto I146 1991 55 Ret ACDYang S147 2008 19 Pro CDRYang YC148 2009 15 Ret CDRYoon DH149 2006 46 Ret CDRYue WM150 2003 15 Ret Allo
Zagra A1512013 24 Ret Auto2013 62 Ret Spacer
Zevgaridis D1522002 18 NRC Auto2002 18 NRC Spacer
Zhang X1532012 53 RCT Allo2012 56 RCT CDR
Zhang Z154 2014 66 Pro CDRZhao YB155 2010 22 Ret CDRZoëga B156 1998 27 Pro Auto
Abbreviations: Study types – NRC = non-randomized case-control trial; Pro = observational with
prospective data collection; RCT = randomized, controlled trial; Ret = retrospective data
collection; Procedures – ACD = anterior cervical discectomy without fusion; Allo = anterior
cervical discectomy with allograft fusion; Auto = anterior cervical discectomy with autograft
fusion; CDR = cervical disc replacement; Spacer = anterior cervical discectomy with fusion
using a cage or other spacer device
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Cervical Disc Disease Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Table S2: Total* Expected Costs Associated with Different Surgeries and Outcomes
Mean ($US) SDFirst Operation
AutograftAverage case 18,948 298No complications 17,916 -Complications 24,548 -
AllograftAverage case 18,493 238No complications 18,197 -Complications 24,548 -
SpacerAverage case 18,068 226No complications 17,802 -Complications 24,434 -
CDRAverage case 19,218 278No complications 18,940 -Complications 24,447 -
ACDAverage case 16,030 217No complications 15,722 -Complications 22,354 -
Reoperation, adjacent level (includes those with and without complications)
Costs added to those of first operation
CDR – same as 1st CDR operation 19,218 278All others – same as 1st allograft operation 18,493 238
Reoperation, same level (includes additional surgeon-related costs related to reversing/revising 1st
procedure)
Costs added to those of first operation
CDR 2007 151All others 2889 177
* = surgeon-, facility-, implant- and outpatient follow-up-related costs; - = not calculated
Abbreviations: CDR = cervical disc replacement; ACD = anterior cervical discectomy without
fusion
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