14. When the Earth Shook!

TLO: To describe what is a natural calamity or disaster and site some examples. To write about the various Do's and don'ts at the time of earthquake. To list the people who come to help at the time of disaster. To tell the phone numbers and addresses of places to be contacted at the time of

emergency or accident.

Points to Ponder:

Calamities that occur due nature are natural calamities or disasters.Earthquake is a natural calamity which occurs due to the shaking of the earth.Drought, Famine, Flood etc are also natural calamities.On 26 January 2001, people of india experienced an earthquake of high intensity at kuch area of Gujarat.When there is no rain, crops fail and there can be a drought.Shortage of food and water can result in famine.Excessive rainfall leads to floods.

I.FILL IN THE BLANKS:

1. Natural happenings which causes damage to life and property is called as Natural Disaster.

2. Earthquake are caused by sudden shaking or movement under the earth.3. A flood occurs usually when there is a heavy rainfall.4. Tsunami happens as a result of undersea earthquake.5. The intensity of earthquake measured in terms of number on Richter scale.6. Gujarat earthquake happened on 26th January 2001.This earthquake affected Kutch

district of Gujarat.7. The intensity of earthquake measured in Gujarat incident is 7.7 Richter scale.8. If there is no rain, there can be a Drought 9. Scarcity of food causes Famine.

Answer the following:1.What are natural disaster? Give any 4 example.Ans: Any Natural happening which causes damage to life and property is called as natural disaster. Earthquake, flood, tsunami, drought are the few examples of natural disaster.

2.What is earthquake?Ans: It is a natural disaster caused by shaking of ground under the earth. It causes damage to life and property. It is measured by Richter scale.

3.What you should do when there is earthquake?Ans: when there is earthquake

Move to an open area. Do not stand near walls or trees. If you are indoor, sit under a strong wooden table or desk. Do not go near electrical points. If possible, switch off the electrical lines.

4.Mention any 2 points that how the relief measures are taken in the disaster affected area?Ans: 1. Goverment and non government organisations provide basic necessacities such as food, clean water, shelter and medicines.2.Volunteers, doctors and nurses treat who are injured.

5.Write a note on the effect of earthquake.Ans: The effect of earthquake is as follows:• It cause drastic change at the earth’s surface.• It creates land slides in hilly areas.• Earthquake create significant damages to buildings, bridges, pipelines, road etc.• Electric poles and telephone lines get uprooted and thus disturbs communication.• Living and non living things are buried under the fallen buildings.• People lose their life and property if earthquake hits.

6.How are dogs helpful at the time of disaster?Ans: At the time of disaster when people get burried under fallen buildings etc. , dogs help to smell out where people are lying trapped.

Define the following:1. Flood: It is caused due to heavy rainfall and all the land areas will be covered with water. Flood leads to water borne diseases like Typhoid and Cholera. Mostly farmers will be severely affected by flood.

2. Drought: When there is no rainfall for a longer period it leads to drought.

3. Famine: River, pond, lakes, etc gets dry up and the crops thus get damaged which leads to famine. In other words scarcity of food causes Famine.

Give reasons:1.Farmers are the worst affected during drought.Reason: If there is no rainfall, there will be no cultivation of crops. Also there will be no water or fodder for the animals.so farmers will be severely affected during drought.

2.Flood leads to various water borne diseases.Reason: During flood water gets contaminated with germs and bacteria due to the deadly living organisms, damaged drains and thus spread some water borne disease like cholera and typhoid.

Activity:1.Paste the pictures of any 5 natural disasters.2. Paste any paper cutting on flood and write a report on Flood ( from the book pg no. 137 ,138.)