World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Byzantine Empire

Emperor Justinian I

Emperor from ____________________________

Goal: To take back the old ___________________________ and restore

Roman dominance.

Significance: He wanted a ______________ of _______________________

so everything was uniform and clearly understood.

o Issued in ________________

o “______________________________________”

Legacy

o Byzantine culture spread.

o Religious practice ___________________

o Considered a saint among some Orthodox Christians.

World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Byzantine EmpireJustinian’s Code

Became the basis for many European codes of law.

o Protected women from _______________________ exploitation.

o ________________ were severely tortured or killed.

o If a woman were widowed her dowry would be __________________

to her.

Religious Law

o ____________________ had to observe the ___________________

religion.

o Anyone who does not claim Christianity is not a citizen.

“The maxims of law are these: to live honestly, to hurt no one, to give every

one his due.” – The Institutes of Justinian, 527 AD – 565 AD

Problems & Struggles

Although Justinian’s accomplishments were spectacular, the Eastern Roman

Empire still had to face serious problems:

Too much territory to protect

An empty treasury (____________________________)

Decline in population after a ________________

Threats to the borders from __________________ and _____________

600s – threats from _______________ tribes under the religion of Islam.

World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Byzantine EmpireThe Byzantine Empire

As the Eastern Roman Empire became smaller in size, it became its own

civilization with its own unique character.

o Renamed the _____________________________________

o Would last for another ________________ after the fall of western

Rome.

Both a _____________ and ___________________ state.

o Latin was spoken less and less, and _______________ became the

official language.

o All citizens were profound Christians who spent enormous amounts of

money and talent to honor their faith.

The emperor was known as a ___________________ - leader of the

____________________ and the ______________.

Byzantines believed that God had commanded them to preserve the true

Christian faith.

Justinian instituted programs of rebuilding in the 500s.

o Palace complex

o ____________________________

o ____________________________

Chariot races, games, plays

o Roads, Bridges, Public baths,

Law courts, Schools, Churches,

and Underground water supply.

World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Byzantine Empire

New Heights and New Problems

By 750 AD the Byzantine Empire consisted only of ________________, the

________________, and coastal _______________.

The Byzantines will recover and expand due to the efforts of new rulers

known at the _________________________.

o Remember, Macedonia is __________________________________

Macedonian Emperors

These emperors ruled from 867 – 1081.

Beat away the enemies and began to take land.

By 1025 the Byzantine empire was the largest it had been in a very long

time

Expanded trade with western Europe by selling ___________ (from China)

and metal works.

Schism in the Faith

Schism: _________________________________________

The Great Schism of ______________!

What happened?

o Pope Leo IX (____________) claimed he was the sole head of the

______________________________.

o Patriarch Michael Cerularius (_________________) refused to accept

that.

World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Byzantine Empire

o The two _________________________ (___________________)

each other from their churches.

o Now there were two churches – The Roman Catholic Church, and the

Eastern Orthodox Church.

Differences

o The Patriarch in Constantinople does not have the same power and

authority as the Pope in Rome.

o Strong devotion to _____________________ (making beautiful

recreations, icons, and images) created a distinctive artistic character

different from Rome.

o Most Orthodox Christians live in Eastern Europe, Russia, and the

Middle East.

The Byzantine Empire

How It Grew

o _____________________________

o _______________ supported a large army

o The _______________________________ between Europe and Asia.

Why It Survived – Their Motto

World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Byzantine Empire

o _______________________

Dangers and Threats Invaders:

o War with the _____________ in the _____________

o Spread of _______________ in the ______________

o War with the ____________________ from the ____________

Eventually Emperor Alexus I will ask for help from Europe for protection.

o This will bring the Byzantine Empire into the Holy Crusades, which

will help bring about the final downfall of the Byzantine Empire.

o _______________________

o _______________________

The Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Turkey Computer recreation of the Hippodrome