I-Score 5 2016

Agriculture

1. Large parcels of land, expensive farming equipment, and few workers is indicative of which type of agriculture?

a. Nomadic herdingb. Commercialc. Slash and burnd. Subsistencee. Wet rice intensive

2. Which of these BEST describes South Korea’s use of thousands of greenhouses to grow ginseng?a. Intensive subsistence agricultureb. Subsistence agriculturec. Commercial agricultured. Mediterranean agriculturee. Plantation agriculture

3. Which region or country has benefitted the least from the Green Revolution?a. Indiab. Africac. Mexicod. Latin Americae. East Asia

4. Early hearths of domestication of plants and animals shared what geographical feature?a. High reliefb. Similar distance from the equatorc. High rainfalld. Similar distance from the oceane. High temperature

5. Which of the following two countries from the region of western Africa produces almost 60% of the world’s cocoa beans?

a. Sierra Leone and Ghanab. Cote D’Ivoire and Ghanac. Guatemala and Costa Ricad. Brazil and Colombiae. Cote D’Ivoire and Brazil

6. Which of the following descriptions illustrates the First Agricultural revolution?a. A shift from hunting and gathering to planting crops to animal domesticationb. Sudden inability to feed the growing population as predicted by Malthusc. Use of biotechnology, expansion of mechanization of agriculture and reduction of farmsd. Loss of farmland, degradation of soil, loss of farm jobs, loss of traditional varieties of

plantse. Benefits of Industrial Revolution, use of technology to increase production and

distribution

7. The seasonal movement of animals from lowlands to highlands for grazing is called:a. Milkshedb. Swiddenc. Shifting cultivationd. Agglomeratione. Transhumance

8. As countries develop, people increase their consumption of:a. Dairyb. Animal proteinsc. Pastad. Grainse. Vegetables

9. In which of the following countries would you find the smallest percentage of female agricultural workers?

a. Papua New Guineab. Indiac. United Arab Emiratesd. Kenyae. Belgium

10. Characteristics of farming which include tropical climates, growing local crops, use of manual labor, and is done by about 25% of the worlds farmers is known as:

a. Subsistence farmingb. Hunting and gatheringc. Shifting cultivationd. Commercial farminge. Nomadic farming

11. Which of the following countries produces close to 1/3 of the world’s coffee crop?a. Brazilb. Costa Ricac. Cote D’Ivoired. Colombiae. Turkey

12. When was agriculture first developed?a. Approximately 3,000 years agob. Approximately 30,000 years agoc. Approximately 5,000 years agod. Approximately 20,000 years agoe. Approximately 10,000 years ago

13. The area marked by stars on the map indicates:a. Subsistence rice agricultureb. Slash and burn agriculturec. Commercial agricultured. Nomadic herdinge. Subsistence maize agriculture

14. The two most widely traded commodities on a global scale today are:a. Coffee and oilb. Poultry and beefc. Coffee and cornd. Coffee and wheate. Rice and soybeans

15. Which of the following areas BEST describes the Winter Wheat belt?a. Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Coloradob. North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgiac. California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevadad. North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Saskatchewane. New York, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Connecticut

16. Which of the following crops is not considered an example of plantation agriculture?a. Coffeeb. Bananac. Rubberd. Sugarcanee. Tomatoes

17. Farmers that grow foods for their own consumption, use little technology, and work on small farms are typically:

a. Hunter gatherersb. Subsistence farmersc. Commercial farmersd. Nomadse. Involved in swidden agriculture

18. Which of the following best illustrates the Second Agricultural revolution?a. A shift from hunting and gathering to planting crops to animal domesticationb. Sudden inability to feed the growing population as predicted by Malthusc. Use of biotechnology, expansion of mechanization of agriculture and reduction of farmsd. Loss of farmland, degradation of soil, loss of farm jobs, loss of traditional varieties of

plantse. Benefits of Industrial Revolution, use of technology to increase production and

distribution

19. Which matches us with the definition of food security and a country which lacks food security?a. Being well fed; Malib. High average of caloric intake; United Statesc. Access to affordable, nutritious food; Brazild. Access to safe, nutritious food; Chade. Access to enough calories, but not enough nutrients; China

20. Which of the following best illustrates the Third Agricultural revolution?a. A shift from hunting and gathering to planting crops to animal domesticationb. Sudden inability to feed the growing population as predicted by Malthusc. Use of biotechnology, expansion of mechanization of agriculture and reduction of

farmsd. Loss of farmland, degradation of soil, loss of farm jobs, loss of traditional varieties of

plantse. Benefits of Industrial Revolution, use of technology to increase production and

distribution

21. This picture of women picking tea leaves in Sri Lanka BEST represents an example of:a. Eat-local food movementsb. Cash croppingc. Organic farmingd. The Green Revolutione. Agribusiness

22. What major crop would both Southeast Asia and the U.S. state of Louisiana both grow in abundance?

a. Millet b. Cotton c. Rice d. Corn e. Wheat

23. Which of the following represents a similarity between the polders in the Netherlands and farmlands reclaimed from the Everglades (wetlands) in southern Florida?

a. Growing season too shortb. Infertility of the soilsc. Slopes are steep and unstabled. Salinization of farmland soilse. Constant need for water diversion

24. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the role of women in agriculture in Africa?

a. Only a small portion of production is the result of the work of women b. Local traditions usually favor women as owners and inheritors of farmlands although

most workers are menc. The rise of plantation agriculture has greatly increased the opportunity for women to

find work as migratory earnersd. Women are largely denied the opportunity to work in agriculture for cultural reasonse. A majority of production comes from small farmers who are mostly rural women

25. Bananas are traditionally known as a fruit grown in tropical regions, especially in Central America. As the U.S. consumes the most bananas on average, which country is the largest producer of bananas?

a. Ecuadorb. Brazilc. Chinad. Indiae. Costa Rica

26. Which of the following lists of crops are characteristically produced on plantation style farms?a. Wheat, rice, milletb. Sugar, coffee, maizec. Cacao, rubber, tead. Peanuts, soybeans, cottone. Grapes, yams, bananas

27. Starting in the 1780s in Ohio, the U.S. government divided unoccupied land throughout the Midwest and West using the Township and Range survey plan. Which of the following statements BEST describes the Township and Range system?

a. Land was divided into irregularly shaped parcels that were often defined by topography. The size of each area varied from 2 square miles to 32 square miles

b. Land was divided into irregularly shaped parcels that were often defined by topography. Each parcel was approximately 10 square miles

c. Land was divided into square townships that were 36 miles on each side. Each 2 square mile portion was called a section, and each section was divided into 4 sections

d. Land was divided into square townships that were six miles on each side. Each one square mile portion was called a section, and each section was divided into four quarter sections

e. Land was divided into square townships that were 36 miles on each side. Each one square mile portion was called a section, and each section was divided into eight eighth sections

28. Which of the following allowed hunter-gatherers to increase in population and have more reliable sources?

a. Settled agricultureb. Inter-tribal cooperationc. Medicinal herbsd. Remaining near the equatore. Better weapons

29. Which of the following is the least likely to be defined as a luxury crop?a. Tobacco b. Cacao c. Coffee d. Tea e. cotton

30. Which statement BEST describes the impact of the Township and Range system on the visible landscape of rural areas in the Midwestern and Western states?

a. Because of the Township and Range survey system, most agricultural fields are square and most rural roads are exactly one mile apart

b. Because of the Township and Range survey system, the interstate system highways are perfectly straight because they follow principal baselines

c. Because of the Township and Range survey system, center pivot irrigation became the most popular way to irrigate fields because the water will reach all parts of each field

d. Because of the Township and Range survey system, the rural areas are divided into hexagons

e. Because of the Township and Range survey system, a hierarchical system of towns was established

31. According to the von Thunen model shown here, in which of the related zones corresponding to a modern community would there most likely be ranching taking place?

a. Forest b. Non-urban area, low populationc. Dense residential, urband. Residential suburbse. CBD, city

32. Swidden and milpa are terms synonymous with which of the following agricultural practices?a. Shifting cultivation b. Plantation agriculturec. Horticulture d. Organic farming e. Intertillage

33. In low latitudes, one would be likely to find: a. A high percentage of the population who practice transhumanceb. Labor intensive production of corn for ethanolc. Plantation farming of coffee beansd. Large scale livestock ranchinge. Commercial production of wheat

34. Which of the following statements BEST approximates the goal of Fair Trade agricultural products, such as coffee?

a. To ensure food safety standards for consumer protectionb. To establish common standards for organic production c. To increase the share of revenues received by producersd. To limit importation of products harmful to local economies e. To reduce the profits of multinational corporations

35. Esther Boserup’s thesis can be essentially summarized by saying that:a. As population increases, farmers intensify their efforts to produce higher yieldsb. Subsistence agricultural areas are dependent upon commercial agricultural areasc. Food production increases arithmetically while population grows exponentiallyd. Land values are highest closest to urban areas and lowest in surrounding rural arease. Organic food production is limited by weak consumer demand due to high prices

36. Maize, beans, and squash were foods traditionally grown in:a. Mesoamericab. Southwest Asiac. Oceaniad. Central Europee. Sub Saharan Africa

37. The most successful international efforts to aid agricultural development in peripheral countries have been?

a. Small projects at the local levelb. Large projects aimed at large scale transformationc. Those directed by the U.S. governmentd. Those in which the aid money is given to the governments of the peripheral countriese. Established by multinational corporations to benefit the local population

38. Which country relies on staple crops relatively unknown to Europeans and Americans such as millet, sorghum, and cassava?

a. Nepalb. Mongoliac. Turkeyd. Nigeriae. Bolivia

39. Most of the pollution in the world and the greatest amount of freshwater consumption is due to:

a. Urbanizationb. Transportationc. Manufacturingd. Agriculture e. Tropical deforestation

40. Which of the following crops would most likely be grown on terraced land?a. Soybeans b. Corn c. Coffee d. Grapes e. Rice

41. Which of the following is a negative effect in the use of biotechnology?a. Private companies will patent biotechnology innovationsb. It will increase agricultural yieldsc. It helps reduce agricultural production costsd. More land will be needed to grow cropse. A decrease in the use of chemical pesticides

42. Rice production through intensive subsistence agriculture…a. Is most common in South Americab. Is usually combined with transhumancec. Uses a large amount of machineryd. Requires plentiful summer rainfalle. Has declined to negligible production levels

43. Pastoralism… a. Is increasing in importance in most parts of the worldb. Requires seasonal movement with herdsc. Had largely replaced intensive subsistence agriculture in Southeast Asiad. Dominates in the Great Basin of the United Statese. Is most commonly practiced in drier climates

44. Agricultural subsidies…a. Are payments directly to consumersb. Benefit periphery countries products more than core countriesc. Are often utilized without spending moneyd. Distort the true market value of the agricultural products being subsidizede. Are no longer used by the U.S. government

45. What is the difference, if any, between the layout of rural towns established within the township and range survey system and towns established within the long lot survey system?

a. The towns of the township and range system are much smaller than those established under the long lot system

b. Towns in the township and range system are generally linear, while towns in the long lot system are generally compact

c. There is no difference between the two systems; towns in both the township and range system and the long lot system are generally linear

d. Towns in the township and range system are generally compact, while towns in the long lot system are generally linear

e. There is no difference between the two systems; towns in both the township and range system and the long lot system are generally compact

46. All of the following contribute to the perennial state of water-crises and shortages in the state of California EXCEPT:

a. High percentage of arid and semi-arid climate regionsb. Large population sizec. Lack of reliable rainfalld. Lack of water storage and distribution infrastructuree. Enormous agricultural production

47. Which of the following is NOT a subsistence activity?a. Shifting cultivationb. Hunting and gatheringc. Pastoralismd. Ranching e. Intensive subsistence agriculture

48. Which of the following includes the world’s earliest centers of plant domestication?a. Northeast Asia, Eastern Europe, South Africab. British Isles, Scandinavia, United Statesc. Russia, China, Latin Americad. Southeast Asia, Mesoamerica, Middle Easte. Australia, New Zealand, China

49. During recent years green revolution scientists have:a. Focused on political issues of agriculture in developing countriesb. Produced seeds for a greater variety of cropsc. Focused primarily on developing new strains of wheat and cornd. Focused on techniques of organic farminge. Engaged in little activity since their funding has been cut off