Contact and Colonization Notes

On the eve of contact Aboriginal societies were flourishing

They depended on _________________________

They had invented new ______________________________

They had diverse, complex _______________________

There were 7 major cultural regions in Canada: Woodlands (Hunters and Farmers/ Plateau / Interior Plains / Northern Subarctic / Pacific Coast / Arctic

Aboriginal Peoples had adapted to their specific ___________________________.What they all had in common was

their _______________________

________________________________

Their food, shelter, technologies, and weapons all reflected their environment.

Their forms of government reflected their groups as well:

Smaller, nomadic tribes had _________________________ governments which reflected the interests of the group over the individual

Larger, sedentary tribes had more _____________________________________

The arrival of Europeans disrupted the _________________________________ of the Aboriginals lives.

At the beginning, both sides ______________________________ from each other. It is important to remember that contact didn’t occur overnight…it was over a ________ year period.

On the eve of contact, European societies were vying for supremacy in Europe.

Most of their trade was with ____________, but it was becoming more difficult.

Expanding ____________________ empires restricted travel over their territory

Travel to Asia was exceedingly __________________________

A new ________________________ needed to be found

During this time the ____________________________________ greatly influenced values and

laws. The _____________________________ was a movement that questioned Catholic

practices and eventually led to the formation of the Protestant denominations.

The remaining catholic nations such as France, Portugal, and Spain launched the counter-reformation to spread the values of the Catholic Church.

The European nations practiced __________________________ whereby they exploited the resources of the lands they conquered to create wealth in their homeland:

• Spices• Silks• Furs• Timber

• Fish• Food• People

In the late 1500’s, ___________, ________________ and ______________________ were the imperial powers.

In the 1600’s, _____________ and _______________ emerged as dominant powers.

When Christopher Columbus arrived in the Caribbean in 1492 he thought that he’d arrived in ____________ and

had found the precious Western route to the Orient. News of Columbus’ discovery led to a wave of European explorers crossing the Atlantic.

John Cabot sailed around land that he called “New Found Land” and made a discovery that would impact the entire continent…a seemingly endless supply of _________________.

Meat was prohibited to be eaten in Catholic society ________ days a year so fish was a true prize.

The impact of contact on Aboriginal Peoples was profound:

European technologies that they used such as guns, knives, and kettles

changed the ways in which they performed

__________________________________

The fur trade intensified long-standing ____________________ among First

Nations societies

The ___________________ of land and animal resources hampered Aboriginal

ways of life.

European ____________________________________ such as smallpox, measles,

and a variety of flu strains decimated Aboriginal populations

The introduction of ______________________________ also had devastating

effects

Contact led Aboriginal Peoples from a lifestyle of ____________________________

to one of ___________________________ and _____________________________.

The impact of contact on European society was more positive:

_______________________ were being served on European tables such as

potatoes, corn, tomatoes, and beans

______________________________ was achieved through the exploitation of

resources and from cheap/free labour

A worldwide _______________________________ took place after the discovery of

the Americas

Contact transformed Europe into capitalist societies and economic powers.