Classifying EnergyEnergy: ability to make things move

2 Types of Energy: kinetic and potential

Kinetic Energy: energy of motion

Potential Energy: stored energy of an object as a result of its condition or its position

Forms of Kinetic Energy:

Mechanical Kinetic Energy-Energy of motion of objects that are larger than atoms and molecules from smallest bacteria to largest galaxies.

Radiant Energy(Solar)-energy of the electromagnetic waves that travel from an energy source. Ex: light bulb radiates ultraviolet radiation, visible light and infrared radiation

Thermal Energy(Heat)-Energy of random motion of particles that make up a substance,

Electrical Kinetic Energy-Energy of electrons moving along a wire or a conductor

Ex: lightning electrical kinetic energy where air is the conductor

Sound Energy-Energy of vibrations or disturbances of particles making up matter.

Ex: Sound travels away from its source.

Forms of Potential Energy:

Gravitational –Energy due to the position of an object relative to a reference point, such as the ground. Ex: roller coaster

Chemical – Energy stored in chemical bonds. Ex: energy stored in fossil fuels.

Electrical – Energy stored by a separation of positive and negative charges. Ex: battery

Nuclear –Energy stored within the nucleus of an atom. Ex: Candu Nuclear Reactor

Elastic –Energy stored in a stretched or compressed object. Ex: tennis ball and racquet

Magnetic – Energy that is attracted by the Earth’s magnetic field. Ex: compass needle

Energy Transformations Using Word Equations

Example-1: Hydrogen fuel cell car

Radiant→electrical→chemical→mechanical + radiant + sound

Example-2: Steel ball race

Gravitational potential →mechanical kinetic + sound + thermal

Example-3: Steel pendulum

Gravitational potential →kinetic mechanical + thermal

Example-4: Golf ball inertia

Potential elastic →mechanical →sound + mechanical + thermal + elastic