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D. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards in south-east Queensland: control of Tegolophus australis and Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Acarina: Eriophyidae), effect of pesticides, alternative host plants, and augmentative release. Experimental and

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Page 1: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards

D. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards in south-east Queensland: control of Tegolophus australis and Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Acarina: Eriophyidae), effect of pesticides, alternative host plants, and

Page 2: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards

augmentative release. Experimental and Applied Acarology 12 (3-4): 195-217.

Page 3: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 4: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 5: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 6: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 7: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 8: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 9: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 10: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 11: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 12: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 13: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 14: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 15: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 16: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 17: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 18: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 19: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 20: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 21: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 22: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 23: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 24: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards
Page 25: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards

D. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards in south-east Queensland: control of Tegolophus australis and Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Acarina: Eriophyidae), effect of pesticides, alternative host plants, and augmentative release. Experimental and Applied Acarology 12 (3-4): 195-217.

Page 26: jameslitsinger.files.wordpress.com€¦  · Web viewD. Smith, D. F. Papacek. 1991. Studies of the predatory mite Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) in citrus orchards

Keywords:

Seasonal history studies and a pesticide disruption trial showed that the Australian phytoseiid Amblyseius victoriensis (Womersley) was a very effective predator of the native eriophyid Tegolophus australis Keifer, in commercial citrus orchards at Gayndah and Mundubbera, Queensland, from 1984 to 1990.Amblyseius victoriensis numbers rose from 10–20 per 100 leaves in spring to 100 or more per 100 leaves in mid-summer, keeping the percentage of T. australis-infested, fruit well below an economic threshold of 10%.

However, in the same orchards, A. victoriensis only controlled the cosmopolitan eriophyid Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead), when less than 5% of the fruit was infested with the pest and predator numbers exceeded 40 per 100 leaves.

Aspects of orchard management influencing populations of A. victoriensis, were evaluated. The pesticides benomyl, dicofol, mancozeb, methidathion, and mezineb reduced populations by 100%, methomyl by 89%, chlorpyrifos by 80%, fenbutatin oxide by 42.5% and endosulfan by 27.5%. Iprodione and hydrated lime caused a 17% reduction, but copper oxychloride and narrow-range oil had little effect. Encouragement of alternative host plants in the orchard increased populations of A. victoriensis. Where Rhodes grass. Chloris gayana Kunth, was allowed to flower in the inter-rows, its windblown pollen served as a supplementary food source. Windbreak rows of Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muell. acted as reservoirs of A. victoriensis for nearby blocks of citrus. Augmentative release was effective for re-establishing A. victoriensis where it was absent following pesticide suppression.

KeywordsEndosulfan Chlorpyrifos Benomyl Iprodione Methomyl