DP Geography- Urban EnvironmentsUnit 4- Sustainable Cities of the Future

Resilient Cities- Geo Politics“resilient city design including strategies to manage escalating climatic and geopolitical risks to urban areas”-“Two detailed examples to illustrate possible strategies”

What are Resilient Cities?Read the excerpt below. Go to the resilient cities websites to see more about this resilient city wheel and understand what resilience cities include. Summarize what makes a resilient city. List some key attributes and some examples of resilient cities. https://www.100resilientcities.org/http://100resilientcities.org/resources/#section-1http://www.oecd.org/cfe/regional-policy/resilient-cities.htm

What are Resilient Cities? Climate Risks and Geopolitical RisksFor each you are given two examples to give you an overall concept. For each you need to choose one and take the links to expand and provide additional information for a ‘detailed example’. For Climate you must select Bangkok. For Geopolitical it is your choice.

Did you find this image? What is the key information from this image and the information on the same webpage.

Did you find this image? What is the key information from this image and the information on the same webpage.

General SummaryBased on these two websites and the readings now summarize what is a resilient city to you?

Define it:

Explain it:

Key Terminology:

Resilient Cities-Climatic RisksManaging hazard risks, climate change risks, and focusing on sustainability for resilient cities refers to the ability for cities to deal with more of the physical geographic influences, from climate change, acid rain, smog and air pollution, coastal flooding concerns, hurricanes, and tectonic activity such as earthquakes. This includes much more focus on having more green spaces in cities, better energy efficiency, improved policies for sustainability, and focus on preventative and robust hazard response planning.

Climate Resilience- Climate Change, and Natural DisastersCoastal flooding- New York, USA

-As New York City is surrounded by water, and is a coastal city, it often struggles with the challenges of flooding concerns. This has become increasingly an issue with climate change, and the concern of rising sea levels, warmer temperatures leading to increased number and strength of hurricanes and inconsistent weather. Hurricane Sandy in 2010 was debilitating to the city in terms of flooding due to the hurricanes storm surge. Water flooded streets, housing and the subway stations. -This means New York city has had to re-evaluate its approach to flooding management. -This includes re-evaluating their flooding zoning maps (below). This also includes research include coastal buffers, from more sea walls and breaks to mitigate the energy of large waves and storm surges, as well as considering natural buffers to disperse wave energy such as increased oyster reefs, and protecting current marshes and wetlands.

Climate Change+ Flooding –Bangkok, Thailand

“As temperatures rise, abnormal weather patterns – like more powerful cyclones, erratic rainfall, and intense droughts and floods – are predicted to worsen over time, adding pressure on governments tasked with bringing the 2015 Paris climate treaty to life.Bangkok, built on once-marshy land about 1.5 metres (five feet) above sea level, is projected to be one of the world’s hardest hit urban areas, alongside fellow Southeast Asian behemoths Jakarta and Manila.“Nearly 40 per cent” of Bangkok will be inundated by as early as 2030 due to extreme rainfall and changes in weather patterns, according to a World Bank report.

Currently, the capital “is sinking one to two centimetres a year and there is a risk of massive flooding in the near future,” said Tara Buakamsri of Greenpeace.”

-CU Centenary Park is designed on an angle to water is collected in the lowest point, and has a large reservoir below to hold overflow of water during flooding and high rainstorms. The design also focuses on ‘urban porosity’ that focuses on having permeable surfaces that can absorb water (grass, dirt, vegetation). Concrete and asphalt, the largest materials in urban design do not absorb water and thus the water has no where to go, leading to dramatic flooding. Enhance this with growing climate change and increase precipitation and storms, results high concern for urban flooding.

https://www.newstimes.com/technology/businessinsider/article/Bangkok-is-sinking-so-it-built-a-park-that-holds-13122767.phphttps://ideas.ted.com/when-bangkok-floods-and-it-floods-a-lot-this-park-does-something-amazing/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/oct/03/as-bangkok-sinks-could-this-anti-flood-park-be-the-answerhttps://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2162409/bangkok-sinking-how-will-thailands-capital-cope-whenhttp://icleiseas.org/index.php/2018/09/04/bangkok-is-sinking-how-will-thailands-capital-cope-when-flooding-disaster-strikes-again/

Your research on Bangkok Here:

Geopolitical Resilience

Geopolitical Resilient City- Choose one of the following to include more information on as a detailed example. Pedestrian Protection- Terrorism-Barricades

Birmingham, UK/ Nice, France/ Berlin, Germany/ Copenhagen, Denmark/ London UK-Large often concrete barriers and bollards that allow pedestrians through but stop vehicles from entering downtown public areas. -Barriers placed at key entrance and exit locations and main walkways/promenades-Bollards (third image) which only go down if the vehicle has a special remote sensor provided by the municipality. -armed undercover politic offers often in crowds for these large public events.-These variety of equipment are used to limit the risk of trucks, lorries, and cars purposefully hitting pedestrians, similar to public terrorist attacks in Berlin, London, Nice the past few years. -Bollards and barricades have been present in cities for decades. However recently there has been a rise in the number introduced in downtown public areas. Cities have also begun to realize the value of designing more integrated, visually appealing designs the feel inclusive of the atmosphere of the city instead of daunting and a message of the potential fear. -This now includes designs, but also unexpected items such as giant flower pots and planters.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyDibIRj500https://www.thenational.ae/world/europe/europe-s-new-reality-blocks-bollards-and-barriers-to-combat-terrorist-threat-1.622690https://www.dw.com/en/do-bollards-offer-protection-against-vehicle-attacks/a-43300057https://qz.com/733374/counter-terrorism-architecture-how-

cities-prevent-attacks-without-looking-like-theyre-trying/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5024521/Anti-terror-barriers-erected-Birmingham-festive-market.html

Cyber Warfare- Tel Aviv, Israel- resilientCyber Warfare- Atlanta, USA- attacked

-Many cities have growing concerns with cyber attacks and hacking-Fears include economic or private information being released, or held ransom (ie ransomware). Atlanta for example has been held ransom in a hacking attack this past year. This means city employees we without email or internet, residents could not pay bills for utilities, and the city wide wifi was not available. -Such type of attacks completely shut down cities. Fears for many cities also include the worry of cyber attacks would focus on even more frightening aspects of communications, transportation, and electrical grids. From power outages to lights at traffic stops, emergency response lines and metro services. -Many cities are focusing on having secure systems to send and receive data and information, and focus on privacy of account of their citizens. Turning systems offline, or on different servers, saving backups data elsewhere. Training employees simple policies like changing passwords frequently and not using easily guessed passwords, as well as not opening emails from odd unknown authors, or especially clicking unknown links. -Tel Aviv, Israel has a Chief Resilience Officer to help strategically plan across multiple platforms for the potential terrorist cyber attack.

https://www.atlantaga.gov/government/ransomware-cyberattack-informationhttps://www.atlantaga.gov/government/mayor-s-office/executive-offices/office-of-emergency-preparedness-/be-ready/cybersecurity-preparednesshttps://www.scientificamerican.com/article/urban-bungle-atlanta-cyber-attack-puts-other-cities-on-notice/https://statescoop.com/atlanta-was-not-prepared-to-respond-to-a-ransomware-attackhttps://www.forbes.com/sites/dantedisparte/2018/04/02/cities-held-for-ransom-lessons-from-atlantas-cyber-extortion/1#675d7a681d3bhttps://www.100resilientcities.org/cities/tel-aviv/

Your Research on your Chosen City

Resilient Cities- beyond climate and geo politics…The visual models and graphics for resilient cities include a variety of aspects about social concerns such as tackling disparity and inequality in cities. Challenges yourself to think of one approach that you can think of to consider this? Explain how it would work.

Ex. Ensure public transport is financially accessible to families living below the poverty line. Create programs that free transport for plastic collection…

Your Creative Idea!