Name: Date:Period: SMS

37. MONROE, GROWTH, EXPANSION, and SECTIONALISM

DO NOW:

(5 minutes)

Underline what you will do, and circle what you will learn in today’s Learning Target: I can work collaboratively and independently to earn a ¾ on the proficiency scale by answering routine thinking and critical thinking questions, participating in critical thinking discussions, and integrating what I learn about “Monroe, Growth, Expansion, and Sectionalism” by answering the exit ticket, to the best of my ability, by the end of the lesson.

Mini-Lesson:

Steps:1. Read the Question.

2. Identify useful evidence by annotating the text.

3. Restate the Question + Answer.

Annotate:1. Underline text evidence 2. Box words that you don’t know3. Circle and ? confusing sentences4. Gist the chunk of text in the margin - “What is the text about?”

Chunk 1:

President Monroe

James Monroe Facts:(Fill in the blanks)Party: ________________________________________________________Served two terms: 1817-1825Served as an Officer in the Revolutionary War Battle of Trenton, Secretary of State, Secretary of War, and Minister to France.Established the Monroe Doctrine, the Missouri Compromise, and the country of Liberia who’s capital, Monrovia, is named for him.Era of Good Feelings - _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________The last Founding Father to be President, Owned Slaves

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Chunk 2:

The Industrial Revolution

The word “revolution” has several different meanings. It can mean a war where people overthrow a government, such as the American Revolution. Another meaning though, has nothing to do with war. A revolution can be a dramatic change in society. The Industrial Revolution began to take root in the United States around 1800, appearing first in New England. It was the start of large scale manufacturing by machine. It changed the way we work and live. Before the Industrial Revolution, most items, including cloth, were made by hand in people’s homes or in small workshops. Machines allowed some of this work to be done faster. These early machines used water power. Cloth makers built water mills along rivers and streams. More and more people left their farms to work in these mills and eventually cities began to grow bigger. This is called Urbanization because cities are called urban areas for having a high population, while the country is called rural for having a low population. Technology is making scientific discoveries into useful devices that make life easier. Without the invention of new machines and technology the Industrial Revolution could not have taken place. An example of technology that had far-reaching effects was the cotton gin. The cotton plant produces balls of cotton that contain small black seeds. The seeds had to be removed by hand—a slow and tedious process. In 1793 Eli Whitney invented a simple machine that quickly cleaned the seeds from cotton. His machine made cotton production easier and more profitable. As the production of cotton increased, so did slavery.

How did the Industrial Revolution have both positive and negative effects on American society? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Chunk 3:

Western Expansion

In the early 1800s, many people began moving west to the land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. Settlers took several routes. Some traveled the Great Wagon Road across Pennsylvania. Others followed the Wilderness Road into Kentucky. Some went west to Pittsburgh. Then they took flatboats down the Ohio River into Indiana, Kentucky, and Illinois. Some northern pioneers traveled across New York State into Ohio. Southern pioneers followed trails into Alabama and Mississippi.

Settlers traveling west needed better roads. To pay for roads, road builders collected tolls. These toll roads were called turnpikes. In 1806, Congress set aside money for a National Road leading from Cumberland, Maryland, to Wheeling, in western Virginia. The National Road was later extended to Illinois.

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Name: Date:Period: SMS

An advantage of roads is that they can be built practically anywhere. But travel by road was slow and uncomfortable. Sometimes when spring rains were heavy, roads became impassable.

Water travel was cheaper, faster, and more comfortable than road travel. One major problem was that rivers usually only flow from north to south, so it was hard to travel west. In 1807, Robert Fulton launched a successful steamboat called the Clermont. It set new records in travel time. Steamboats began to carry people and goods quickly and cheaply but early steamboats could be dangerous. Sometimes the boilers exploded or the boats caught on fire.

Americans also began to build canals. New York state’s Erie Canal connected Lake Erie with the Hudson River. This allowed farmers in the Midwest to ship crops to New York City. Steamboats and canals linked western farmers with eastern cities. The major disadvantage of canals was that they were very expensive and took a long time to build.

List three modes of transportation used by Pioneers moving west:

1.________________________________________________________________

2.________________________________________________________________

3.________________________________________________________________Chunk 4:

Foreign Affairs

FloridaIn April 1818, General Andrew Jackson invaded Spanish East Florida, seizing control of two Spanish forts. Jackson had been ordered to stop Seminole raids on American territory from Florida.

Already worried about rebellions in Mexico and South America, Spain signed the Adams-Onís Treaty in 1819. In the treaty, Spain gave Florida to the United States. In return the United States gave up its claims to Spanish Texas and took over responsibility for paying the $5 million that American citizens claimed Spain owed them for damages. Florida was now a new territory of the United States.

The Monroe DoctrineMany countries in Central and South America were fighting for independence from Spain. Spain asked other European countries to help in its fight against revolutionary forces in South America.

President Monroe was concerned that European countries like Spain and France would try to conquer colonies in North and South America. In 1823 President Monroe issued a statement, later known as the Monroe Doctrine.

Monroe stated that North and South America are “not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.” The Monroe Doctrine was a clear warning to Europe to stay out of the Americas.

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The Monroe Doctrine became an important element in American foreign policy and has remained so for more than 170 years.

What were two important foreign policy events during James Monroe’s presidency?

1. ________________________________________________________2. ________________________________________________________

Explain the Monroe Doctrine in your own words:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Chunk 5: Does Newburgh have different sections with unique traits? Explain what makes them different. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Chunk 6:

Sectionalism

Sectionalism is _______________________________________________.

Representative

Region

Supported ___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Opposed

Chunk 7:

Missouri Compromise of 1821

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was led by the “Great Compromiser”, ___________________________. The Missouri Compromise kept balance between _______________ and ________________ states.It also banned _______________ in northern territories.

Free States (1821) Slave States (1821)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Name: Date:Period: SMS

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Exit Ticket –

How did the leadership of James Monroe affect the lives of Americans who followed him?______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Rate your understanding of today’s Learning Target: (circle one)1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5

Did you meet today’s Learning Target? Why or Why not?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What helped you the most with today’s lesson?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Name: Date:Period: SMS

______________________________________________________________________________What literacy strategies did you use to complete today’s lesson? (Circle each)

(Restate + Answer) - (RACES Paragraph) - (Annotation) - (Accountable Talk Stems)

(Proficiency Scale) - (Believing & Doubting) - (STEAL Characterization)

(Open Ended Questions) - (Socratic Seminar) - (Cornell Notes) - (Frayer Model - Vocab)

(Venn Diagram) - (Web) - (Word Splash) - (Timeline) - (T-Chart) - (Story Mountain)

(Proofreading Marks) - (Writer’s Workshop) - (Glow & Grow) - (Musts & Mights)

(Interactive Notes) - (Debate) - (A-Z Brainstorm) - (Checklists) - (Inquiry)

---------------------STOP HERE-------------------Grades: Assignment Grade: ________/10

Proficiency Scale Score:

Teacher Feedback:

Glow:

(Annotate) (Restate Fully) (Answer Accurately)

(Clearly Explain Answer) (Clearly Explain Evidence)

Other:

________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Grow:

(Annotate) (Restate Fully) (Answer Accurately)

(Clearly Explain Answer) (Clearly Explain Evidence)

(“This means that”) (“,which proves that”) (“In the text it states”) (Finish Work)

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Name: Date:Period: SMS

Other:

________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Scholar Response:

Student Response:

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

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