web knowledge management - · ontologie -basierte systeme wissensmanagement ist kritischer...
TRANSCRIPT
Seminar: Business Intelligence –Teil II: Data Mining & Knowledge Discovery
Web Knowledge Management
Anne Jannasch� ��
� ��
� � � �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
ÜberblickÜberblick
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$� � � � �� � � � � % & � � � � � � � � � � � '� � �� � � � � � ( � �
� � & � � � ! � � � �� � � � �� � � � �� �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OntologieOntologie--BegriffBegriff� Definition: �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � �
� Charakteristika einer Ontologie:
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! � � � " � � � �
� � � � # " � � � � �
$ � � � �
� Organisation einer Ontologie:
% & ' ( ) * ) + ,- *� Wissensbasis = . * / ) 0 ) 1 ,- 2 3 * 4 / ' * 5- *
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
� � � � � � � �
� � � � � �
Beispiel für eine OntologieBeispiel für eine Ontologie
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��� �� ��� � � �
� � � � !
" # ! !
$�� �� ��%& � # '
( ) � ! �* � + , ! # �- � � . / � 0
1 2 3 � 4
5 � 4 � � 6 4 � 3 � 3
78 9 : ; < : = ; > ? : ? @ =A ? A B C C : ? ; =A D <EF8 G :A H D < ? @ H I J8 G :A H D < : ; @ A = I J = I K : ;A EF L : I I : = I : M : ;A N I : = I : I L N ; OA < N P Q :A H D < ?R: =S I : ? A = : A = D < L =A A : I T Q : ; : = I U < : C > > IE
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
ÜberblickÜberblick
� � � � � � � � �� � � � � � �
� � � � � � � �� � � � � � �� �
� � � � � ! � � � "
� � # $
� � $ � � �%
& � � � � � � � �� '� � ( )� ��
& � � � � � � � �� * + , �� � �� " - , �� .�
� � � � � * � � (� �
� � � / � 0 � � ' �� ! ��
& 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 7 8 9 : ; < 3 : = > 3 ? 5 7 9 7 6 @ 2 : A 2 7 6 9 7 B C 5 7
3 = < 5 7 5 D ?E F 4 2 7 G 2 8 ? 2 4 9 7 B 2 7
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
� RDF steht für Resource Description Framework� Datenmodell zur Repräsentation von Metadaten:
� � � � � � � � � � �
� � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ��
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� � � � � � � � � � ! � � � � ��
RDF und RDFSRDF und RDFS
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
� � � �� � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � �� � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � ! � � � " � � � � � � � � �
� # $ % & '( ) * $ + , -�
. / 0 � � 1 � � 2 3 4�
5 3 / 6
. � � 7 � � � 8
0 � � � � � � 7 2 3 � � � � � � � � � �� � �� � � � 4 9 9 9 � 5 : � : :; � � 7; � < � � 0; � = 3
0 � � � � � 2 3 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 3 6
. � � 7 � � � � � � � � > � � 2 3 � � � � � � � � � �� � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � 3 6
. � � ? � � � � 6 " � � � � � � � � . � � � ? � � � � 6
. � � � 7 � � � � � � � 6
. � � � 7 � � � 8 6
@" � � � � � � � � A" > B C � D E � � F
! � � �G � H � C � � D I � � � � � 7 � F
� � � � � � � � � �� � �� � � � � � � � � � � � �J � > B C � D � � � � � � F
RDF und RDFSRDF und RDFS
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
� RDFS steht für RDF-Schema.
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� RDFS bietet Beschreibung von Schemata, die mit Ressourcen instanziiert werden können.
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
RDF und RDFSRDF und RDFS
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OILOIL
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� ! " # $ % & ' ( " % % $ ) *
� + (, - % & . - - ! / 0 1 - $ *
� 2 � � 3 � � � �4 � � � � � 3
� ', ) 5 $ 6 - $
� 7, ( ( $ )
� 8 ) 9 $ ! $ ) 5 $ )
� : � � � � � � � � � �
; 7 < 1 ) = 7 < +
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OILOIL
� OIL ist in Schichten eingeteilt:
� � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � �
Komplexität
Funktionalität
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
FF--LogicLogic� Kombination der Repräsentationsformalismen
Frames und Prädikatenlogik � Definition von Inferenzregeln� Modellierungsprinzipien:
� � � � �� �� � � � � � � � � � �� � � �� � � � � � � �
�� �� � � �� � � � �� � ��
� �
� � � � �� � �� � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� �
� � � � � � � � �� ! � � �� � �"�� � �� � #� � �� � � ��
� � � �� �� �� � � �� � �� � $ � � � ��
� � % � & � � � $ '
( � � � � � �� � � � �� �� � � � ��
( ) �
� � � � � * � �� � + �� � �� � � � � $�
� � ) ) � $
, � � - - � .�/ � � . 0 �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
ÜberblickÜberblick
� � � � � � � � �� � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � �� � � � � �� �
� � � � � � � � � � �
� � � �
� � � � � � �
� � � � � � ! "# $# % & '# ( ! #
) � � � � � � � �� * � �� � �� � + �� ,�
� � � � � * � � -� �
� � � . � / � � 0 �� � ��
) 1� � � � �� � 2 � � 3 4 � � � - � � � � � � � 5� � 0� � � � � � 6 � �
� � 4 � � � , � � �� � � 2 �� � � � �� �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OntologiewerkzeugeOntologiewerkzeuge
� Hoher Arbeitsaufwand beim Erstellen von Ontologien
� Ontologiewerkzeuge helfen bei der Entwicklung und Verwendung von Ontologien
� � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � �
� �� � � � � � � �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
ProtégéProtégé--20002000
� Protégé-2000
� �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � �� �� � � � � � � �
� �� � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
ProtégéProtégé--20002000
� Wissensmodell
� � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � �� � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � �� � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� �
� �� � � � � � � �� � � �� � � ! � � � �
� � " � � � # � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � % � �� �
� Speicherarten der erstellten Wissensbasis
& ' ( ) * + ) , + - . / ( 0 1 2 .
& 3 4 0
& 5 4 6 7
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
ProtégéProtégé--20002000
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
ÜberblickÜberblick
� � � � � � � � �� � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � �� � � � � �� �
� � � � � � � � � � �
� � � �
� � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � �� �� � � �� � ��
� � ! " # " $ %& ' ( ) * %& + !& , - * !& .&
� � � � � / � � �� �
� � � 0 � 1 � � � �� � ��
2 3� � � � �� � � � � 4 5 � � � � � � � � � � � 6� � �� � � � � � 7 � �
� � 5 � � � 8 � � �� � � � �� � � � �� �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OntologieOntologie--basiertebasierte SystemeSysteme
� Wissensmanagement ist kritischer Erfolgsfaktorfür Unternehmen
� Dokument-Management-Systeme mit Schwächen� Ontologie-basierte Systeme
� � � � � �� � �� � �� � �� � � � � � � �� �� � � � � � ��
� � � � �� � � � �� � �� � �� � �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OntobrokerOntobroker
� Firma Ontoprise in Karlsruhe
� Ontologie-basiertes Wissensmanagement-System
� Zugriff auf verschiedenartige Quellen
� Ableiten von neuem Wissen aus vorhandenen Fakten
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OntobrokerOntobroker
Datenbank
Query Engine
WrapperXMLRDF
HTML
Ontologien
Inference Engine
Info AgentDB Manager
� Aufbau von Ontobroker
Ontologien
WrapperXMLRDF
HTML
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OntobrokerOntobroker
� � � � � �� � � � � �
� � � � � �
�� � � � � � � � � � � � �
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� � � � � � � � � ! " # $ " % " & ' ( " & ) * + , - *
. / 0 1 2 3 4
. 0 5 4
. 2 0 6 1 78 9 : ;< = > ? @ A / ; BC ? ;< DE F ; G 9 4
. H I J K L ; F M 8 N ; B B L @
O 6 P 8 9 : ;< = > ? @ A / ? ;< D K ? BE F ; G 9 4 . / 2 4
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U � ( Q S Q T ( & " V W )
( & " V T ) ( S S � # , , X X X YZ Z Z Y ' % Z ' Y " % , [ & Z ' ( & \ ,
� Z ' S ] & " % , & Z ' ( & \Y ! Z V ) * + , - *
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U V Z & % S ^ _ " T ` Q \ a W ) *
$ Z ' ( & \ + , - *
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U b % S ^ _ " T ` Q \ a W ) *
c " R d _ Z R % + , - *
. / 0 5 4 . e 4
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U V V Z b Z S Z Q R T ` Q \ a W )
( & " V T ) f ' & \ ) *
- & S Z V Z ' Z b g R S " b b Z ! " R ' " $ " % " & ' ( g R % S Z S ] S "
h g g g - i + , - * j
. 2 0 6 1 78 9 D = = : k / / l l lE < A ;< E @ A / 9 4 P O H P . / K 4m n K ?< @ Lo M KmO : K ; M . n 6 4
K M B . n 6 4
p
. 0 q I r 4. 0 1 2 3 4
. q H q r 1 4
6 ;< D K ? B n @ M s K N ; M A
. / q H q r 1 4
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " # $ " % " & ' ( " & ) * + , - *
. / 0 1 2 3 4
. 0 5 4
. 2 0 6 1 78 9 : ;< = > ? @ A / ; BC ? ;< DE F ; G 9 4
. H I J K L ; F M 8 N ; B B L @
O 6 P 8 9 : ;< = > ? @ A / ? ;< D K ? BE F ; G 9 4 . / 2 4
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U � ( Q S Q T ( & " V W )
( & " V T ) ( S S � # , , X X X YZ Z Z Y ' % Z ' Y " % , [ & Z ' ( & \ ,
� Z ' S ] & " % , & Z ' ( & \Y ! Z V ) * + , - *
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U V Z & % S ^ _ " T ` Q \ a W ) *
$ Z ' ( & \ + , - *
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U b % S ^ _ " T ` Q \ a W ) *
c " R d _ Z R % + , - *
. / 0 5 4 . e 4
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U V V Z b Z S Z Q R T ` Q \ a W )
( & " V T ) f ' & \ ) *
- & S Z V Z ' Z b g R S " b b Z ! " R ' " $ " % " & ' ( g R % S Z S ] S "
h g g g - i + , - * j
. 2 0 6 1 78 9 D = = : k / / l l lE < A ;< E @ A / 9 4 P O H P . / K 4m n K ?< @ Lo M KmO : K ; M . n 6 4
K M B . n 6 4
p
. 0 q I r 4. 0 1 2 3 4
. q H q r 1 4
6 ;< D K ? B n @ M s K N ; M A
. / q H q r 1 4
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " # $ " % " & ' ( " & ) * + , - *
. / 0 1 2 3 4
. 0 5 4
. 2 0 6 1 78 9 : ;< = > ? @ A / ; BC ? ;< DE F ; G 9 4
. H I J K L ; F M 8 N ; B B L @
O 6 P 8 9 : ;< = > ? @ A / ? ;< D K ? BE F ; G 9 4 . / 2 4
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U � ( Q S Q T ( & " V W )
( & " V T ) ( S S � # , , X X X YZ Z Z Y ' % Z ' Y " % , [ & Z ' ( & \ ,
� Z ' S ] & " % , & Z ' ( & \Y ! Z V ) * + , - *
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U V Z & % S ^ _ " T ` Q \ a W ) *
$ Z ' ( & \ + , - *
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U b % S ^ _ " T ` Q \ a W ) *
c " R d _ Z R % + , - *
. / 0 5 4 . e 4
+ - Q R S Q T ) � ! " U V V Z b Z S Z Q R T ` Q \ a W )
( & " V T ) f ' & \ ) *
- & S Z V Z ' Z b g R S " b b Z ! " R ' " $ " % " & ' ( g R % S Z S ] S "
h g g g - i + , - * j
. 2 0 6 1 78 9 D = = : k / / l l lE < A ;< E @ A / 9 4 P O H P . / K 4m n K ?< @ Lo M KmO : K ; M . n 6 4
K M B . n 6 4
p
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OntobrokerOntobroker
� Funktionsweise von Ontobroker
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � �
� Anwendungen
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � ��
� � �� � � � � � !
� � � � � � � � � � " # $ � � � � � % � � � � � � � �
& � � � � � � � � ' � ( � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � " � ( � � � ) � � � �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
� Europäisches Projekt, 2000 – 2002� Entwicklungsziele:
� � � � ' " � � � � % � � � � � �
� � � �� ( � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � �� � ( � � � �
� Zentrales Ergebnis:
OnOn--ToTo--KnowledgeKnowledge
& � � �� ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' " � � � � % � � � � � � # $ �
� � � � � � � % � � � � � % � � �
& � � � � � � � $ � " � � � �� � � � � % � � � � � " � � � ' � � � �
� � � � � � � �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OnOn--ToTo--KnowledgeKnowledge
� Aufbau
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OnOn--ToTo--KnowledgeKnowledge
Ses
ame
Client 3
Repository Abstraction Layer (RAL)
Repository
HTTP Protocol Handler SOAP Protocol Handler
Admin Module Export ModuleQuery Module
Client 2
HT
TP
SO
AP
� Sesame
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � �
Client 1H
TT
P
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OnOn--ToTo--KnowledgeKnowledge� Spectacle
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � �
�� � �� � � � � � � �
Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OnOn--ToTo--KnowledgeKnowledge� Spectacle
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Thema: Web Knowledge Management
OnOn--ToTo--KnowledgeKnowledge
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Thema: Web Knowledge Management
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Thema: Web Knowledge Management
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Thema: Web Knowledge Management
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Thema: Web Knowledge Management
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Thema: Web Knowledge Management
ZusammenfassungZusammenfassung
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Thema: Web Knowledge Management
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