web accessibility for print illiteracy
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Web Accessibility for Print Illiteracy. A11yPi alleppey. What is accessibility?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
[email protected] Accessibility
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Web Accessibility for Print Illiteracy
A11yPi
alleppey
[email protected] Accessibility
for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
• “Accessibility is a general term used to describe the degree to which a product, device, service, or environment is accessible by as many people as possible. Accessibility can be viewed as the 'ability to access' and possible benefit of some system or entity. Accessibility is often used to focus on people with disabilities and their right of access to entities, often through use of assistive technology.” [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessibility]
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• “Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the Web, and that they can contribute to the Web. Web accessibility also benefits others, including older people with changing abilities due to aging.”[Web Accessibility Initiative: http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/accessibility.php]
[email protected] Accessibility
for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
Print Illiteracy
8% 15% 19%3%
61%49%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Adults
Youth
Print Illiteracy (2006)
Adults 27% 34% 37% 18% 74% 58%
Youth 8% 15% 19% 3% 61% 49%
Algeria Egypt India Iran Mali Senegal
Sourced from: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/socind/literacy.htm
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for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
Print Impaired!
• Current focus is on people with disabilities
• Largest audience with accessibility issues are people who are print illiterate/impaired
• These are people who are not comfortable with text (i.e. reading and writing text) but who have good ears, eyes and cognition.
[email protected] Accessibility
for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
a11yPi
A C C E S S I B I L I T y
11
Print illiterate
A11yPiPronounced as Alleppey
Alleppey is a name of an area in Kerala, India, where the land in backwater area is made accessible for agricultural and livelihood by building small dikes around the rice fields and thereby keep the salty sea water at a safe height!
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Accessibility For Print Impaired
Extending W3C guidelinesto include Print Impaired
peoples needs
Semantic WebCommunity driven interpretations,
re-narrations and dynamic renditions of content based on the level of print-impairment of the user and
available relevant content
Facilitative
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Ayodhya Verdict
[8132 Pages][Only in English]
Inaccessible because
i) it is a technical document
ii) very lengthy
iii) difficult to understand
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Ayodhya Verdict
[8132 Pages][Only in English]
A short summaryof the verdict in
a regional language by a
lawyer
Derivative 1 [D1]
Derivative 2 [D2]
More Accessible
i) Less Technical
ii) Shorter Length
iii) Easier to understand
Solution: Users can manually link a document to other documents and say that D2 is a derivative work of D1.
The link can be as specific as possible. E.g. <title> in the <header> in D2 is linked to the 3rd paragraph in D1. A subsequent search of Ayodhya verdict allows a plug-in to recommend D2, or use D2 during the rendering of D1
Manual linking works well e.g. Wikipedia
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Derivative 1 [D1]
Derivative 2 [D2]http://www.csmonitor.com/Innovation/Horizons/2010/1015/Shibboleet-XKCD-s-clever-code-word-explained
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
List_of_shibboleths
Susan sends joke by email to friends
Nadin – who also received the link from Susan, sends a mail to
pointers that help clarify some of the connotations and implied
meanings in that joke.
A11yPi
<derivativeref-url: http://xkcd.com/806/box7: http://www.csmonitor.com/Innovation/Horizons/2010/1015/Shibboleet-XKCD-s-clever-code-word-explained/>
Derivative used by a browser plug-in
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for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
Structuring Content
Current Structure
Web Page
Embedded Links
Structuring with A11yPi
Semantic structure of document revealed
through ‘nodes”
Each node can be referable
D2
This can then be picked up as a recommendation for a specific
impairment/need/context profile of a user.
[email protected] Accessibility
for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
"Google Sidewiki"Sidewiki appears to
be community annotations.
[email protected] Accessibility
for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
Google translator, when translating an
url, has a feature that allows one to provide for a better translation
of any sentence on the translated page
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for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
TED videos lets people to provide sub-
titles in other languages
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for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
Wikipedia has a feature that allows
one to voice narrate a wiki page! - in addition to making translations in parallel language
specific wikis .
[email protected] Accessibility
for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
• All examples identify a sub-unit of a media-element in the page(e.g. Google translator and TED videos allow identification of a sentence in a page)
• What is the a11yPi protocol (that is akin to html for the web) that becomes the meta web which defines the replacement/alternative/accessible substitutions?
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<HTML 5><Dynamic Web Injection>
Jump to Demo
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Assume this elementHas an ID A1C
Assume this is an a11yPi conforming page
Another site defines/embeds a derivative for this A1C with
attributes that identify a specific context:
(derivative A1C:lang-Hin,geo-
loc:india-lko)
0
Anand who is from Lucknow and reads Hindi, using his chrome-extension
a11yPi, goes to the original site and sees the video.
He will see the video dynamically substitute the derivative work.
0
[email protected] Accessibility
for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
[email protected] Accessibility
for Inclusionhttp://a11y.in
markup for image as lang:kn and geo:karnataka
<img id="img1" src="fire_engine.jpeg" forurl="index.html“ forid="assoc1" rec="lang:kn;geo:karnataka">
Text as recommended for language kannada (lang:kn)
<p id="kn" forurl="index.html" forid="div1" rec="lang:kn">
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<p id="hi" forurl="index.html" forid="div1" rec="lang:hi">