weathering. definitions weathering brainstorm: 1) what is it? 2) what can cause it? 3) how does...
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WeatheringWeathering
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DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONSWEATHERING
Brainstorm:
1) What is it?
2) What can cause it?
3) How does weathering change the surface of the Earth?
-
Possible Causes:
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WEATHERINGWEATHERING
• Weathering= the breaking down of rock into smaller and smaller pieces.
Is weathering constructive, destructive, or both? Why?
-Weathering is destructive- it “tears down” rocks and landforms.
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2 Types of Weathering2 Types of WeatheringBrain-storm
1) What can cause each type of weathering?
WEATHERING
1)Mechanical
2) Chemical
Breaking down rocks by physical means
Chemical breakdown of rock and minerals into new substances
Possible causes: Possible causes:
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MECHANICAL WEATHERINGMECHANICAL WEATHERING
1. ANIMALSLittle animals also help weathering by burrowing and digging through the ground.
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MECHANICAL WEATHERINGMECHANICAL WEATHERING
2. Ice Wedging – when water gets into cracks of a rock, freezes & thaws over & over again & splits the rock
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MECHANICAL WEATHERINGMECHANICAL WEATHERING
Ice
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MECHANICAL WEATHERINGMECHANICAL WEATHERING
3. PLANT GROWTH• Roots of plants also
push into the rocks and break them apart. They act like wedges and push the rocks apart.
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MECHANICAL WEATHERINGMECHANICAL WEATHERING
4. RELEASE OF PRESSURE- as erosion moves sediment from the surface, pressure is reduced. The outside of the rock begins to flake off
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MECHANICAL WEATHERING MECHANICAL WEATHERING NONLIVING CAUSESNONLIVING CAUSES
5. Abrasion- sediments carried by wind, water, or ice wear away rock by hitting & scraping against other rock
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AbrasionAbrasion
Wind• sandstone shapes
eroded by coastal
winds Sandblasting
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AbrasionAbrasion
WATER - rubs fragments against
each other and wears away the surface of the rock by abrasion.
– The faster the water, the greater the erosion
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AbrasionAbrasion
• Ice- Glaciers
–The glacier gouges out chunks of rock and leaves scratches on the rock called striations
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CHEMICAL WEATHERINGCHEMICAL WEATHERING
• CHEMICAL WEATHERING the chemical breakdown of rock and minerals into new substances
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CHEMICAL WEATHERINGCHEMICAL WEATHERING
Water is considered to be the universal solvent. It dissolves many things – including rock
• Over time, water can break down even hard rock like granite
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CHEMICAL WEATHERINGCHEMICAL WEATHERING
2) Oxygen
Oxidation (rust) is a chemical reaction in which an iron combines with oxygen.
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CHEMICAL WEATHERINGCHEMICAL WEATHERING
3) Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
-CO2 mixing with water creates Carbonic Acid that slowly dissolves limestone. (Acid in groundwater)-Caves
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CHEMICAL WEATHERINGCHEMICAL WEATHERING
4) Living Organisms
Acids from decaying plants or fungi such as lichens breaks down rocks
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CHEMICAL WEATHERINGCHEMICAL WEATHERING
is rain or snow that contains more acids than normal due to air pollution.
The acid “dissolves” and “eats away” the rock
5. ACID PRECIPITATION
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WEATHERINGWEATHERINGHow does weathering change the surface of the Earth?
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Mechanical WeatheringMechanical WeatheringLiving Plant Roots of plants also push into the
rocks and break them apartAnimal burrowing and digging through
the groundNon-living
Ice
(glaciers)
-water gets into cracks of a rock, freezes & thaws over & over again & splits the rock
-scratches on the rock called striationsWind wears away the surface of the rock by
abrasionWater rubs fragments against each other and
wears away the surface of the rock by abrasion.
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Chemical WeatheringChemical Weathering
Living Plants Acids from decaying plants or fungi such as lichens breaks down rocks
Non-living
Water universal solvent. It dissolves many things – including rock
Acid rain rain or snow that contains more acids than normal due to air pollution. -acid “dissolves” or “eats away” the rock
Ground-water
CO2 mixing with water creates Carbonic acid that slowly dissolves limestone
Oxidation chemical reaction in which an element combines with oxygen to form an oxide
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FORCES THAT CAUSEFORCES THAT CAUSEWeathering
1) Mechanical 2) Chemical
Living Nonliving
Living Nonliving
Plants Ice - (Glaciers)
Plants Water
Acid rain Wind Groundwate
r Animals
Water Oxidation
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Interactive WeatheringInteractive Weathering
• How are materials from the earth broken down?