weathering and soil. types of weathering chemical weathering: a rock being changed into 1 or more...
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![Page 1: Weathering and Soil. Types of Weathering Chemical Weathering: a rock being changed into 1 or more new compounds Oxidation- turns the rock into a rusty](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033102/56649e2d5503460f94b1d0f7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Weathering and Soil
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Types of WeatheringChemical Weathering: a rock being changed into 1 or more new compoundsOxidation- turns the rock into a rusty colorAcid Rain- Acid in the rain breaks down the rockBiological Activity – acids from plants weather rocksDissolution- when the rock dissolves in a solventCarbonic Acid- deterioration of rock causing it to change color or textureSpheroidal Weathering- water breaks down minerals into a spherical shape.
Mechanical Weathering: the breaking down of a rock, the rock’s mineral composition does not change.
Unloading and Exfoliation- rock breaks off in sheets of layer
Abrasion- the wearing down of rock particles by friction due to water, wind or ice.
Frost Wedging- The process of water freezing and expanding in the cracks of rocks, making the cracks larger
Biological Activity-activities by organisms like animals, plants and humans that cause weathering. (ie burrowing)
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Soil
- Weathered rocks that form the top layer of Earth’s surface. There are 3 types- pedalfer, pedocal, and laterite.
Pedalfer Soil Pedocal
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Water
Air
Mineral Matter
Organic Matter
Soil Composition
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Soil Profile
Horizon A (Topsoil)- Loose and partly decayed organic matter
Horizon B (Subsoil)- Clay transported from C horizon
Horizon C- Partially weathered plant material
Unweathered Plant Material
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Soil and Climate
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Temperate Climates
• Pedalfer is formed in temperate climates. Pedalfer is found in the Eastern US, mostly in forests.
• Pedalfer is rich in iron, has lots of aluminum rich clays and is brown to red-brown in color.
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Desert Climates
• Pedocal is found in dry climates. It can be found in the Western US.• Pedocal is rich in calcite, and calcium carbonate.• Light grey-brown
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Humid Tropical Climates
• Laterite soil is formed in humid, hot climates in the tropics. Found in places like Cambodia and Southeast Asia.
• Laterite has lots of iron and aluminum