wearable computing - university of waterloocs349/s16/slides/10.1-wearable_computing.pdfwearable...
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Wearable Computing
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Wea
rabl
e te
ch What is the oldest piece of wearable technology you can think of?• Smartwatch?• Calculator watches?• Wristwatches?• Eye glasses?• More …?
• Clothes?
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“Old people used to write obnoxious thinkpieces about how people these days always wear watches and are slaves to the clock, but now they've switched to writing thinkpieces about how kids these days don't appreciate the benefits of an old-fashioned watch. My position is: The word 'thinkpiece' sounds like a word made up by someone who didn't know about the word 'brain'”.
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Released: April 24, 2015Watch OS, pairs with iOS 8+• Notifications• Control phone functions via voice• Few dedicated apps• Pairs with phone for radio• Apple Pay
Released: March 18, 2014Based on Android 6.0.1• Notifications• Control phone functions via voice• Few dedicated apps• Pairs with phone for radio• Android Pay
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App
le W
atch
Fea
ture
s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHdVkPrdRYg
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App
le W
atch
Per
cept
ion What does the media think of smartwatches?
• http://techcrunch.com/2015/07/08/apple-watch-review-after-2-months/
• https://youtu.be/yioL7MRQvHM
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While other forms of technology innovation have transformed and disrupted the status quo, the wrist seems more resistant to change.
» Big problems and small spaces: How to design a smartwatch app (wareable.com)
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Des
igni
ng fo
r Sm
artw
atch
es • Small display• Limited interactions
– Finger blocks ~25% of screen during taps– “Fat Finger: problem exaggerated, few workarounds
• Limited attention– Watches support glance-based interactions
• Guidelines from Google and Apple, suggesting how to manage these issues, are virtually identical
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Gui
delin
es f
rom
Goo
gle “Wearable apps are relatively small in size and functionality
compared to handheld apps. They contain only what makes sense on the wearable, which is usually a small subset of the corresponding handheld app. In general, you should carry out operations on the handheld when possible and send the results to the wearable.”
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Gui
delin
es f
rom
Goo
gle • Quick interaction while user is in motion
– Focus on not stopping the user • < 5 second interaction
– Design for big gestures • Try to interact while walking or moving
• Watch is secondary to the user’s primary task– Design for corner of the eye
• Like the “blur test”. Look at your knuckle and see what you can take in.
– Think about stream cards first • Define a context where a piece of information is useful
– Do one thing really fast• How much info is really necessary? Simplify until it hurts …
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App
le H
IG fo
r App
le W
atch • Three principles of design:
– Lightweight interaction– Holistic design– Personal communication
• Output– Notifications: Broken into short looks/long looks– Applications, which can inject data in different ways:
• Complications: Data that can be injected into a watch face• Glances: Browse timely and “current” information• Dedicated app: launch for richer functionality
• This is too complex!- In iOS 10, Apple is
combining Glances and Apps together into a list of active applications.
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App
le H
IG fo
r App
le W
atch • Interactions occur via:
– Gestures – up/down to scroll, left right for paging– Force touch – tap to activate, firm press for menu.– Digital crown – non-obstructing scrolling and pickers– Side button – quick access button
• Now: Access to contacts• Future: control panel
• Navigation is page-based or hierarchical with modal sheets and handoffs– Modal sheets: overlays for specific purpose/extended
functionality– Handoffs: coordination with smartphone for deeper
dive
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App
le H
IG fo
r App
le W
atch • Display size agnostic – same look, different size
– Limit, group information– Use full width, menus not buttons– Limit side-by-side controls and left-align elements
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App
le H
IG fo
r App
le W
atch • Layout
– Groups and Tables• Information/Data Widgets
– Labels, Images, Movies, Maps, Activity Rings• Interactive Widgets
– Pickers, Buttons, Switches, Sliders, Menus
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Why doesn’t everyone have a smartwatch?We’re at the first step towards integrating computation into something that people *already wear* (e.g. jewelry) vs. inventing a new category.
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Bra
inst
orm
ing
Why • We’re just at the start, there’s unrealized potential
• Lack of radios on the watches means they’re tethered and seen as phone extensions rather then standalone devices.
• Yet-another device to charge every day?• Cost?
• No killer app yet. Candidates?– Proxy for phone: Use as output device (limited!)– Fitness: Tracking heartrate, activity.– Healthcare: Early detection of heart attacks and strokes;
health monitoring.– Identification: Apple Pay, Android Pay.
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Util
itaria
n vs
. Fas
hion
able
Dev
ices • Watch as Jewelry
– Fashion/expression, and not just serving a function– See Tag Heuer smartwatch:
• After two years, you can trade it in for a ‘real’ watch
• Are watches fashionable or utilitarian? – What about smartwatches?
• Cost: Red herring?– People will “invest” in jewelry, and people will “invest” in
meaningful/useful technology
• The need for standalone: A diversion into research
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Ubi
quito
us C
ompu
ting • Ubiquitous Computing
– Introduced by Mark Weiser (1996)– Notions of “computing everywhere”, “calm” technology
• Ubicomp suggests computing in two forms:– Embedded computation, or technology that we find in the
environment.– Personal/portable computation, or technology that travels
with us as we move from environment to environment.
• Smartwatch has the potential to be as a platform for computation within a context.– Uniquely personal device, operating in larger context
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Rel
evan
t HC
I Lab
Res
earc
h • Smartcasting– https://youtu.be/8Mfg8P9Fguk (OZCHI 14)
• Planecasting– https://youtu.be/nq25m0vmhuM (UIST 15)
• WRiST– https://youtu.be/DNgndfR4i10 (AVI 16)
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Goo
gle
Gla
ss
Introduced Feb 2013• Prism projector (640x360)• Bone conductive transducer• 5 MP camera, 720p video• Interaction through voice
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Goo
gle
Gla
ss P
rom
ise
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSnB06um5r4
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Goo
gle
Gla
ss P
erce
ptio
n
https://youtu.be/4_X6EyqXa2s
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Goo
gle
Gla
ss: D
esig
n pr
inci
ples • One card per post
• Don’t get in the way
• Keep it relevant
• Avoid the unexpected
• Design for people
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Wha
t Hap
pene
d? • Why aren’t we all wearing Google Glass?
– Virtual reality versus augmented reality
– Principles of ubicomp• Calm technology• Proximal and distal elements of thought
– Social norms• Considered rude, or awkward (camera always-on?)
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Wha
t hap
pene
d? (2
)• So … what is Glass for?
– “Glass’ problem is that the technology today simply doesn’t offer anything that average people really want, let alone need, in their everyday lives.” – Slate
• Is it:– A fashion device that you wear all the time and interact with
when you wish?– A special purpose device that you wear for specific utilitarian
functions when you need that functionality?
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Mor
e G
ener
ally
for W
eara
bles • Why do you need device X?
– “People don’t know what they want until you show it to them.” – Steve Jobs
– Contrast with iPod: What problem is iPod solving?• Cool is not enough
– Think 3D TV: Why didn’t it catch on?• A better mousetrap is not enough
– Think about the smartwatch … a better mousetrap? Or is it more?
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Mor
e G
ener
ally
for W
eara
bles
(2)
• CS 449 principles– What are the breakdowns?– How does it work in context?– What are the cultural constraints associated with its use?
• Do not judge failure harshly– Tablet computers – Gen 4?– Smartphones – Gen 3?