“we give the us air force its wings”

“We give the US Air Force its Wings”“We give the US Air Force its Wings”

Air Force Research LaboratoryAir Vehicles Directorate:

Cooperative Airspace Operations

3 March 05

Air Force Research LaboratoryAir Vehicles Directorate:


3 March 05

Daniel ThompsonFuture Capability Lead,

Cooperative Airspace Op’sAir Vehicles Directorate

Air Force Research Laboratory

Daniel ThompsonFuture Capability Lead,

Cooperative Airspace Op’sAir Vehicles Directorate

Air Force Research Laboratory

Capability Focused Tech Investment

War Winning Upgrades for

Today’s Platforms

War Winning Upgrades for

Today’s Platforms

Superior Technologies for Future Aerospace

Dominance

Superior Technologies for Future Aerospace

Dominance


Vision: Same Base, Same Time, Same TempoVision: Same Base, Same Time, Same Tempo

Based on JUCAS ICD, SAB Summer Study, Global Hawk ORD, OSD UAV Roadmap, Predator CDD

Partners in CAO:

AFRL: VA, SN, HE, MN, IF

DoD: DARPA, Navy, Army

Other: NASA, Industry

Reliable, Certifiable Systems & Software

Safe Interoperability & Coordination

Sense, Avoid, File & Fly

Transparent Ground & Air

Op’s

Collaboration & Teaming

Critical System Attributes:

• Reliable & Safe – Op’s in proximity to man

• Responsive/adaptive to dynamic missions

• As autonomous as needed, as interactive as desired

• Operations transparency

• Affordable & Certifiable

System of Systems

Decision Making

Cooperative Airspace Operations CFTI Taxonomy

Cooperative Airspace

Ops

Operations inOperations inmanned/unmanned manned/unmanned teamsteams

Capability Attributes Product

Safe operations Safe operations from airbases and from airbases and in airspacein airspace

J-UCAS 4-ship flight management

Multi-UAV distributed control

V&V of flt critical intelligent software

Terminal area & ground ops

Health mgmt integ w/adaptive control

Open architecture, highly reliable VMS

HALE UAV detect and avoid

Non-GPS nav, landing, and ground ops

Multi-vehicle see and avoid

Status As Of Aug 04

Product Area

Multi-vehicle

Teaming

Airspace Operations

Reliable Control

SW V&V

Cooperative Airspace Operations Attribute Availability Forecast

Far Term (15)Near Term (07) Mid Term (10)

BASELINEX-45, Predator

Manned/Unmanned Teaming

Safe Airbase/Airspace Op’s

Single coordinated UCAV package Adaptive to continue the mission V&V’able today

Min ATC Op’s – “See & Avoid” (1 v 1)

Flexible ATC & Ground Op’s – “File & Fly”

• n v m• GATM compliance

Equivalent ATC & Ground Op’s – “Same Time, Same Base, Same Tempo”Safety/Reliability – Equivalent to

manned systems

Distributed/Cooperative Control of multiple packages and ISR assets

Adaptive for max effectiveness in dynamic environment


V&V of intelligent and adaptive systems



Ability to operate w/o GPS


Human as Operator

Human as Supervisor

Human as Teammate



Ops













Status As Of Aug 04

Product Area

Multi-vehicle

Teaming

Airspace Operations

Reliable Control

SW V&V

ReliableReliable AffordableAffordable AdaptiveAdaptive AutonomousAutonomous

ReliableReliable AffordableAffordable AdaptiveAdaptive AutonomousAutonomous

Control of Multi-Mission UAV Systems

Demonstrate TRL 6 maturity of critical integrated technologies to achieve reliable, affordable, adaptive, autonomous control for effective multi-ship combat

UAV operations

Demonstrate TRL 6 maturity of critical integrated technologies to achieve reliable, affordable, adaptive, autonomous control for effective multi-ship combat

UAV operations

ObjectiveObjective

• Compact, light weight, low cost VMS

• On-board, real-time, diagnostics

• Adaptive flight control

• Autonomous, cooperative flight mgmt

Reconfigurable, adaptive flight control

Reactive, autonomous, cooperative flight mgmt



Ops













Status As Of Aug 04

Product Area

Multi-vehicle

Teaming

Airspace Operations

Reliable Control

SW V&V

Air Force Research Laboratory – Unleashing the Power of Innovative Aerospace Technology

Collision Avoidance with cooperative & non-cooperative aircraft

Interoperability with manned / unmanned aircraft

ATC Communications

Compliance with 14 CFR 91.113

Take-off & Landing

FAA Airspace Classifications

Weather Avoidance?

Safety & Reliability Issues Navigation

Command & Control Link

Operator Qualifications

Aircraft Airworthiness

Airspace Access

Sense-and-Avoid

Goal: Develop and Demonstrate Safe Multi-Vehicle Air Operations

Phases/Tech Availability:

Phase 1 (Manual): FY06

Phase 2 (Auto): FY07

Phase 3 (Multi-Veh): FY10

Technology Challenges:

• Cost Effective Sensing

• Sensor/Datalink/Avionics Fusion

• Equivalent Level of Safety

• Operations with close separation

• Enable UAVs to perform a wider range of Air Force missions

Non-GPS Landing & Ground-Ops

Goal: Develop and demonstrate sensor architectures and algorithms for UAV airbase operations without reliance on GPS availability

Tech Availability: FY09

Technology Challenges:Multi-purpose Sensor Integration

Cost Effective Sensing

Sensor/Datalink/Avionics Fusion

Real-time Data Interpretation

Manned System Equivalence

GPS

KalmanFilter

Autonomous Landing

Pos

Vel

INSImagingSensors

DTED & Maps

RadarAlt

GeoFix

Autonomous Terminal Area and Ground Operations

Goal: Develop and demonstrate equivalent airbase operations as manned operations: “Same base, same time, same tempo”

Tech Availability: FY12

Technology Challenges:Manned System EquivalenceMixed OperationsRobust SafetySensed Situational AwarenessOperator-Vehicle RatioV&V of On-Board Algorithms


Product Area: Limited FOR DAA

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

6.3 Program

Other Funding

Leveraged Program

6.2 Program

Transition Point (TAD)

5 Technology Readiness Level

Products S1Spiral

Funded Transition

Unfunded Transition

6.1/SBIR Effort

HALE UAV DAA

ACAS

AFCST

AFRL/SN DAA

AFRL/SN 6

Limited FOR DAA

Global Hawk


Product Area: Non-GPS Ground Operations

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

6.3 Program

Other Funding

Leveraged Program

6.2 Program



Products S1Spiral

Funded Transition

Unfunded Transition

6.1/SBIR Effort

Devel sensing arch for UAV airspace

op’s -- SEFAR

AFCST

Non-GPS Gnd Op’s

Non-GPS Gnd Ops

6

5

TBD

Cooperative Airspace Operations Product Area: See and Avoid

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

6.3 Program

Other Funding

Leveraged Program

6.2 Program



Products S1Spiral

Funded Transition

Unfunded Transition

6.1/SBIR Effort

Devel sensing arch for UAV airspace

op’s -- SEFAR

HALE UAV DAA

ACAS

AFCST 6

TBD

5

Multi-vehicle SAA 6

See & Avoid

Cooperative Airspace Operations Product Area: Terminal Area and Ground Operations

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

6.3 Program

Other Funding

Leveraged Program

6.2 Program



Products S1Spiral

Funded Transition

Unfunded Transition

6.1/SBIR Effort

Devel sensing arch for UAV

airspace op’s -- SEFAR

HALE UAV DAA

ACAS

AFCST

Non-GPS Gnd Op’s

ATAO Reqmts

6

6

Refine/demo alg’s -- ATAO Sim

3

4

5

NASA Access 5

MISCU

Auton Term Area & Gnd Ops

Term Area & Gnd Op’s

TBD 6

3

Multi-vehicle SAA 6



Ops













Status As Of Aug 04

Product Area

Multi-vehicle

Teaming

Airspace Operations

Reliable Control

SW V&V

Goal: Affordable Validation, Verification, & Certification of Flight Critical, Intelligent Software

Problem: Software is already a schedule & cost critical issue. Emerging UAV adaptive & autonomous functions will significantly expand this problem


• Man & Machine Interoperability

• Learning/Adaptive Functionality

• Multi-vehicle System of Systems

• Mixed Criticality – Flight & Mission

• Sensor Fusion/Integration

Validation and Verification of Flight Critical Intelligent Software


Product Area: V&V of Flight Critical Intelligent Software

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

6.3 Program

Other Funding

Leveraged Program

6.2 Program



Products S1Spiral

Funded Transition

Unfunded Transition

6.1/SBIR Effort

VVIACS

CERTA-FCS

FWV Initiative, & Other Gov’t

Integrated SW Envir

Phase I – Definition & Metrics

Phase II – Development of processes

Phase III – Demo against relevant

application

TASS SBIRs

DARPA MoBIES,

PCES

Other VA

Affordable processes for flight critical intelligent software devel

and V&V

TBD



Ops













Status As Of Aug 04

Product Area

Multi-vehicle

Teaming

Airspace Operations

Reliable Control

SW V&V

UAV Flight Management

Goal: Develop and Demonstrate Single & Multi-ship Flight Management – “As Autonomous As Needed, As Interactive As Desired”

Initial User/TAD: UCAV/TBD


• Single & Multi-vehicle Control & Coordination

• Optimal Use of Resources

• Real Time Response

• On-board Situational Awareness & In- Situ Decision Making

• Limited Datalink Bandwidth

• V&V of Adaptive & Intelligent Software

Autonomy Continuum

Autonomous Control Level (ACL)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100

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Off-Board Data

+ Sensed Data + Inference

Individual UAV

Multi-vehicle

Adaptive Health

Prognostic Assessment

Wide Separation

Close SeparationCollision Avoidance

Tactical Plan

Group Tactical Plan

Group Tactical Goal

Group Strategic Goal

Large Numbers, Complex

Environment

Off-Board Assess &

Replan

On-Board Trajectory

Replan

On-Board Group Replan

Group Assessment

Implicit/Predictive Replan

Diagnostic

Coordination

Adaptability

Intelligence

Airspace Op’s

Multi-vehicle Teaming

Hierarchical Control• Group planning and resource

assignment done by leader• Plan communicated and executed

by team members

6.3ACL5

Implicit Coordination• Each vehicle plans for all vehicles• Distributes the data and computing• Requires synchronized information• Facilitates transition to distributed

6.2ACL6

More flexible and efficient use of available resourcesMore flexible and efficient use of available resources

Distributed Control• Individual planning and

replanning• Group coordination

6.1ACL7-8


Product Area: Multi-vehicle Teaming

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

6.3 Program

Other Funding

Leveraged Program

6.2 Program



Products S1Spiral

Funded Transition

Unfunded Transition

6.1/SBIR Effort CMUS (Baseline, Tech Val)

DIReCT

DCAT

Selection/refinement towards end-application

needs -- DICCAT

4-ship JUCAS Flt MgmtCOE Cooperative Control &

Control Collaborative Center

DARPA SEC & MICA

Flight test of multi-UAV control -- DCACD

Multi-UAV Distrib Control

TBDMulti-UAV SBIRs

6

UAVOM

5

4

5 JUCAS

AFOSR, AFRL/MN, Navy (Future Naval Capabilities), & Army (Autonomous Cooperative Operations) Programs

ExACT


Cooperative Airspace Op’s – Developing and demonstrating the key technology products to enable UAV’s (and manned systems) to be

more effective and reliable in performance of operator missions

“we give the us air force its wings”

Documents