waves revision booklet
TRANSCRIPT
7/27/2019 Waves Revision Booklet
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Sound Sound waves are _____________ (transverse/longitudinal). They travel as
_________ (vibrations/EM waves). They are made up of ________
(compressions/extensions) and _________ (expansions/rarefactions) and
are detected by our _________ (ear drums/pinna). These vibrations are
converted to ________ (electrical/light) signals in the cochlea.
Sound can travel through solids, liquids and gases, but they cannot travel
through vacuums - this is because a vacuum _____________________.
Which of the following sounds are in the audible range for the average human?
12 kHz 200 Hz 21 kHz 0.5 kHz 1 Hz 0.1 MHz 15 kHz 900 Hz
Calculate the time period and frequency of each of the above waves.
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Which of the waves above has the highest pitch? Explain your answer.
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Which of the waves is the loudest? Explain your answer.
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1 Second 1 Second
Name: Class:
Waves Revision Booklet
Waves transfer ______ and information without transferring ______.
Label each of the waves as either transverse of longitudinal.
Write a sentence about how each is defined. _____________________
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Properties of Waves
Label the wavelength and amplitude on the wave, and complete the table below.
Complete the two equations and hence answer the following calculations.
Frequency = Wave Speed =
A radio wave has a time period of 5 x 10-7s (0.0000005 s). Calculate the
frequency and the wavelength. _______________________________
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Wave Property Definition
Wavelength
Amplitude
Frequency
Time Period
Diffraction
Draw on the wavelength of both waves.Complete the above diagrams for both waves.
Define diffraction:
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Why does one wave diffract more than the other?
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A B
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or
Refractive IndexComplete the two equations for calculating the refractive index:
Refractive Index (n) = Speed of Light in Vacuum sin i
Complete the above table using the equation you have just completed. Use the space below
for your calculations.
A ray of light enters a glass block at 40 ° from the normal. The angle of refraction was 25°.
Calculate the refractive index of the glass. ________________________________
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Complete the diagram:
What use could we have for this situation?
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What other uses do we have for total internal reflection?
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Substance Speed of Light (m/s) Refractive Index
Air 300 000 000 1.0
Water 225 000 000
Perspex 200 000 000
Glass 1.5
Diamond 2.4
Electromagnetic Spectrum Electromagnetic _______ travels as _______ waves and transfers _____from one place to another. All electromagnetic waves can travel through avacuum, and they all travel at the same speed in a vacuum - the speed of
_____. The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuous range of _________.The types of radiation that occur in each part of the spectrum have different
uses and dangers, which depend on their wavelength and ________.Words: frequency radiation light energy wavelengths r transverse
Put the seven different sections of the EM spectrum in the table below, inorder of increasing wavelength. Then complete the table.
Hazards are associated with EM radiation. List some of the dangers below.
Microwaves: ___________________________________________Infrared: _____________________________________________
Ultraviolet: ____________________________________________Gamma-rays: ___________________________________________
Section Sources Detectors Uses
Gamma Rays Radioactive materials. Geiger-Müller tube. Sterilising food and medical
equipment, radiotherapy.
X-rays X-ray tubes. Photographic film. X-radiography.
Ultraviolet UV lamps and the Sun. Skin, photographic
film.
Fluorescent tubes and UV
tanning lamps.
Visible Luminous objects. Eyes, photographic
film, LDRs.
Seeing, communication
(optical fibres), photography.
Infrared Hot objects. Skin, blackened
thermometers.
Infrared heaters, remote
controls, thermal imaging.
Microwaves Microwave transmit-
ters and ovens.
Microwave receivers. Mobile phone and satellite
communication, cooking.
Radio Waves Radio transmitters,
TV transmitters.
Radio and TV aerials. Long-, medium- and short-
wave radio, TV.
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Reflection & RefractionComplete the equation for the law of reflection:
Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection
Using the law of reflection, and using a protractor, complete the follow-
ing diagram:
Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection =
Give the definition of a virtual image:
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What are the three properties of virtual image? Use the image to explain
your answers. ________________________________________
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Glass
Air
What causes light to refract? _____________________________
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Using the diagram below, explain what happens to a ray of light as it enters and exits a more optically dense medium.
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What would happen if the angle of incidence was 0°?
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What is the name of the angle labelled C?
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Explain, in as much detail as you can, what happens as the angle of incidence increases.
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Glass
Air
Air
Glass
Air
C
Glass
Air