waves
DESCRIPTION
Waves. 4 Types of Waves. Transverse Longitudinal Circular Torsion. Transverse waves. A transverse wave is one in which the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave. Examples: Light wave, waves on a guitar string. Longitudinal Waves. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Waves
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4 Types of Waves
• Transverse
• Longitudinal
• Circular
• Torsion
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Transverse waves
A transverse wave is one in which the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave.
Examples: Light wave, waves on a guitar string.
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Longitudinal Waves
Longitudinal wave is one in which the disturbance is parallel to the line of travel of the wave.
Example: Sound wave in air is a longitudinal wave.
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Circular Water WavesSometimes called Surface Water Waves
The motion of particles in
surface water waves are circular.
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Circular Wave
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Circular Wave
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Torsion Waves
• Particles move in a twisting motion.
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Torsion Waves
• Particles move in a twisting motion.
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The Doppler Effect
Pitch sounds higher as truck gets closer to you. (shorter wavelength)
Truck sounds lower as truck moves away. (longer wavelength)
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Doppler Effect
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Doppler Effect
• http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/doppler/doppler.html
• http://www.absorblearning.com/media/attachment.action?quick=153&att=2947
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Constructive Interference
Louder sound (amplify) when compressions interfere constructively.Light gets brighter (amplify) when crest interferes with crest
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Destructive Interference
Compressions interfere with rarefactions to make sounds quieter.
Crests interfere with a trough to cancel or make a wave smaller.
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Noise-canceling headphones utilize destructive interference
http://bcs.wiley.com/he-bcs/Books?action=mininav&bcsId=3138&itemId=0471663158&assetId=92188&resourceId=7923&newwindow=true
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Reflection of Light
Law of Reflection - angle of incidence = angle of reflection.
Ex: If the angle of incidence is 90 degrees the angle of reflection is _______ degrees.
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Reflection
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Standing Wave
• Wave appears to be standing still because the wave is being reflected.
One Standing Wave
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Resonance• An object vibrates
sympathetically and
amplifies the energy of the wave. Violin strings would be quiet without the
resonance (amplification) of the violin’s body.
• Some said the Tacoma Narrows Bridge fell due to the resonance with the wind.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-zczJXSxnw
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Natural Frequency & Resonance
• Natural Frequency – frequency of an object when disturbed
• Resonance – objects ability to vibrate by absorbing energy at its natural frequency
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Diffraction
Diffraction – waves bend around an object
Waves bend more if the object is smaller than the wavelength.
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Diffraction of Sound
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Refraction
• When light enters a new medium it changes speed and bends.
• Example: White light in air goes through a prism (glass) causing the white light to refract (bend) and spread out.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=GKoMSvmM-s8 Polyanna
demonstrating refraction (1:10 to 1:13)
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Refraction
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Refraction and Speed of the Wave
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The Electromagnetic SpectrumRadio waves, Microwaves, Infrared waves, Visible Light, Ultraviolet Rays, X-Rays, Gamma
Rays
fv Visible Light –Remember ROY G BIV
Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet
Long Wavelength
Low Frequency
Low Energy
Short Wavelength
High Frequency
High Energy
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Infrared Rays
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Visible Light
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Ultraviolet Rays
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X-Rays
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Convex Lens Also called a converging lens and is thicker in the middle. It makes light converge or meet at a focal point.
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Concave Lens
• Also called a diverging lens, looks like it is caving in. It causes light to spread out.