WAVES

1. Which type of wave requires a material medium through which to travel?(1) sound (3) television(2) radio (4) x ray

2 The sound wave produced by a trumpet has a frequency of 440 hertz. What is the distance between successive compressions in this sound wave as it travels through air?(1) 1.5 × 10–6 m (3) 1.3 m(2) 0.75 m (4) 6.8 × 105 m

3 The diagram below represents a light ray striking the boundary between air and glass. What would be the angle between this light ray and its reflected ray?

(1) 30.° (3) 120.°(2) 60.° (4) 150.°

Base your answers to questions 4 and 5 on the information below.One end of a rope is attached to a variable speed drill and the other end is attached to a 5.0-kilogram mass. The rope is draped over a hook on a wall opposite the drill. When the drill rotates at a frequency of 20.0 Hz, standing waves of the same frequency are set up in the rope. The diagram below shows such a wave pattern.

4 Determine the wavelength of the waves producing the standing wave pattern.

5 Calculate the speed of the wave in the rope. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

6 Compared to the speed of a sound wave in air, the speed of a radio wave in air is(1) less (2) greater (3) the same

7 If the amplitude of a wave is increased, the frequency of the wave will(1) decrease (2) increase (3) remain the same

8 Which unit is equivalent to meters per second?(1) Hz×s (3) s/Hz(2) Hz×m (4) m/Hz

9 Which characteristic is the same for every color of light in a vacuum?(1) energy (3) speed(2) frequency (4) period

10 While playing, two children create a standing wave in a rope, as shown in the diagram below.

A third child participates by jumping the rope. What is the wavelength of this standing wave?(1) 2.15 m (3) 6.45 m(2) 4.30 m (4) 8.60 m

11 A television remote control is used to direct pulses of electromagnetic radiation to a receiver on a television. This communication from the remote control to the television illustrates that electromagnetic radiation(1) is a longitudinal wave(2) possesses energy inversely proportional to its frequency(3) diffracts and accelerates in air(4) transfers energy without transferring mass

12 A wave of constant wavelength diffracts as it passes through an opening in a barrier. As the size of the opening is increased, the diffraction effects(1) decrease(2) increase(3) remain the sameA stationary research ship uses sonar to send a 1.18 × 103 Hz sound wave down through the ocean water. The reflected sound wave from the flat ocean bottom 324 meters below the ship is detected 0.425 second after it was sent from the ship.

13 Calculate the speed of the sound wave in the ocean water. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

14 Calculate the wavelength of the sound wave in the ocean water. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

15 Determine the period of the sound wave in the ocean water.

16 The time required for a wave to complete one full cycle is called the wave’s(1) frequency (3) velocity(2) period (4) wavelength

17 The diagram below represents a transverse wave. The wavelength of the wave is equal to the distance between points

(1) A and G (3) C and E(2) B and F (4) D and F

18 When a light wave enters a new medium and is refracted, there must be a change in the light wave’s(1) color (3) period(2) frequency (4) speed

19 Which equation correctly relates the speed v, wavelength l, and period T of a periodic wave?

20 .The diagram below represents a transverse wave traveling to the right through a medium.

Point A represents a particle of the medium.In which direction will particle A move in the next instant of time?(1) up (3) left(2) down (4) right

21 The product of a wave’s frequency and its period is(1) one (3) its wavelength(2) its velocity (4) Planck’s constant

22 A periodic wave having a frequency of 5.0 hertz and a speed of 10. meters per second has a wavelength of(1) 0.50 m (3) 5.0 m(2) 2.0 m (4) 50. m

23 An electromagnetic wave traveling through a vacuum has a wavelength of 1.5 × 10–1 meter. What is the period of this electromagnetic wave?(1) 5.0 × 10–10 s (3) 4.5 × 107 s(2) 1.5 × 10–1 s (4) 2.0 × 109 s

24 Which diagram best represents the shape and direction of a series of wave fronts after they have passed through a small opening in a barrier?

25 The diagram below represents a periodic transverse wave traveling in a uniform medium.On the diagram draw a wave having both a smaller amplitude and the same wavelength as the given wave.

26 The diagram below represents a transverse wave. The distance between which two points identifies the amplitude of the wave?

(1) A and B (3) A and E(2) A and C (4) D and E

27 What is the period of a 60.-hertz electromagnetic wave traveling at 3.0 × 108 meters per second?(1) 1.7 × 10–2 s (3) 6.0 × 101 s(2) 2.0 × 10–7 s (4) 5.0 × 106 s

28 What is the speed of a radio wave in a vacuum?(1) 0 m/s (3) 1.13 × 103 m/s(2) 3.31 × 102 m/s (4) 3.00 × 108 m/s

29 A ringing bell is located in a chamber. When the air is removed from the chamber, why can the bell be seen vibrating but not be heard?(1) Light waves can travel through a vacuum, but sound waves cannot.(2) Sound waves have greater amplitude than light waves.(3) Light waves travel slower than sound waves.(4) Sound waves have higher frequency than light waves.

30 As a transverse wave travels through a medium, the individual particles of the medium move(1) perpendicular to the direction of wave travel(2) parallel to the direction of wave travel(3) in circles(4) in ellipses

31 A straight glass rod appears to bend when placed in a beaker of water, as shown in the diagram below.

What is the best explanation for this phenomenon?(1) The water is warmer than the air.(2) Light travels faster in water than in air.(3) Light is reflected at the air-water interface.(4) Light is refracted as it crosses the air-water interface.

32 The diagram below represents a wave.

What is the speed of the wave if its frequency is 8.0 hertz?(1) 48 m/s (3) 3.2 m/s(2) 16 m/s (4) 1.6 m/s

33 The diagram below represents straight wave fronts passing from deep water into shallow water, with a change in speed and direction.

Which phenomenon is illustrated in the diagram?

(1) reflection (3) diffraction(2) refraction (4) interference

Base your answers to questions 34 and 35 on the information and diagram below.A student standing on a dock observes a piece of wood floating on the water as shown below. As a water wave passes, the wood moves up and down, rising to the top of a wave crest every 5.0 seconds.

34 Calculate the frequency of the passing water waves. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

35 Calculate the speed of the water waves. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

36 The diagram below represents a transverse wave, A, traveling through a uniform medium. On the diagram, draw a wave traveling through the same medium as wave A with twice the amplitude and twice the frequency of wave A.

Base your answers to questions 37 through 38 on the information below.A periodic wave traveling in a uniform medium has a wavelength of 0.080 meter, an amplitude of 0.040 meter, and a frequency of 5.0 hertz.

37 Determine the period of the wave.38 On the grid below, starting at point A, sketch a graph of at least one complete cycle of the wave showing its amplitude and period.

39 Calculate the speed of the wave. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

40 Which form(s) of energy can be transmitted through a vacuum?(1) light, only (2) sound, only(3) both light and sound (4) neither light nor sound

41 A tuning fork vibrating in air produces sound waves. These waves are best classified as(1) transverse, because the air molecules are vibrating parallel to the direction of wave motion(2) transverse, because the air molecules are vibrating perpendicular to the direction of wave motion(3) longitudinal, because the air molecules are vibrating parallel to the direction of wave motion(4) longitudinal, because the air molecules are vibrating perpendicular to the direction of wave motion.

42 Radio waves and gamma rays traveling in space have the same(1) frequency (3) period(2) wavelength (4) speed

43 The spreading of a wave into the region behind an obstruction is called(1) diffraction (3) reflection(2) absorption (4) refraction

Base your answers to questions 44 and 45 on the information below.A transverse wave with an amplitude of 0.20 meter and wavelength of 3.0 meters travels toward the right in a medium with a speed of 4.0 meters per second.

44 On the diagram below, place an X at each of two points that are in phase with each other.

45 Calculate the period of the wave. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

46 An electric bell connected to a battery is sealed inside a large jar. What happens as the air is removed from the jar?

(1) The electric circuit stops working because electromagnetic radiation cannot travel through a vacuum.(2) The bell’s pitch decreases because the frequency of the sound waves is lower in a vacuum than in air.(3) The bell’s loudness increases because of decreased air resistance.(4) The bell’s loudness decreases because sound waves cannot travel through a vacuum.

47 As a sound wave passes from water, where the speed is 1.49 ×103 meters per second, into air, the wave’s speed(1) decreases and its frequency remains the same(2) increases and its frequency remains the same(3) remains the same and its frequency decreases(4) remains the same and its frequency increases

48 Which wave diagram has both wavelength (λ) and amplitude (A) labeled correctly?

49 If the frequency of a periodic wave is doubled, the period of the wave will be(1) halved (3) quartered(2) doubled (4) quadrupled

Base your answers to questions 50 to 52 on the information below. Three waves, A, B, and C, travel 12 meters in 2.0 seconds through the same medium as shown in the diagram below.

50 What is the amplitude of wave C?

51 What is the period of wave A?

52 What is the speed of wave B?

53 A tuning fork oscillates with a frequency of 256 hertz after being struck by a rubber hammer. Which phrase best describes the sound waves produced by this oscillating tuning fork?(1) electromagnetic waves that require no medium for transmission(2) electromagnetic waves that require a medium for transmission(3) mechanical waves that require no medium for transmission(4) mechanical waves that require a medium for transmission

54 In a vacuum, all electromagnetic waves have the same(1) wavelength (3) speed(2) frequency (4) amplitude

55 A motor is used to produce 4.0 waves each second in a string. What is the frequency of the waves?(1) 0.25 Hz (3) 25 Hz(2) 15 Hz (4) 4.0 Hz

56 A surfacing whale in an aquarium produces water wave crests having an amplitude of 1.2 meters every 0.40 second. If the water wave travels at 4.5 meters per second, the wavelength of the wave is(1)1.8 m (3) 3.0 m(2) 2.4 m (4) 11 m

57 Orange light has a frequency of 5.0 × 1014 hertz in a vacuum. What is the wavelength of this light?(1) 1.5 × 1023m (3) 6.0 × 10–7 m(2) 1.7 × 106m (4) 2.0 × 10–15 m

58 The diagram below shows a plane wave passing through a small opening in a barrier.On the diagram below, sketch four wave fronts after they have passed through the barrier.

59 Which diagram below best represents the phenomenon of diffraction?

60 The periodic wave in the diagram below has a frequency of 40 Hertz. What is the speed of the wave?

(1) 13 m/s (3) 60. m/s(2) 27 m/s (4) 120 m/s