wave properties & e-m spectrum
DESCRIPTION
Wave Properties & E-M Spectrum. Sound and Light. Wave Basics. Crest. Line of Equilibrium. Trough. Key Vocab. - Amplitude: The maximum displacement of a wave from equillibrium (height of a wave) - Wavelength: The length of one full wave cycle or repetition - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Wave Properties & E-M Spectrum
Sound and Light
Wave Basics
Key Vocab.-Amplitude: The maximum displacement of a wave from equillibrium (height of a wave)-Wavelength: The length of one full wave cycle or repetition -Period: The amount of time it takes a wave to complete one full cycle-Frequency: The number of wave vibrations/repetitions per second (Hz)-Equilibrium: The resting place of a wave with no disturbance-Crest: The highest point or peak of a wave-Trough: The lowest point or bottom of a wave
Crest
Trough
Line of Equilibrium
Wave Types• A wave is a traveling disturbance that transfers energy.
• 2 Types of Waves:– Transverse: side to side wave sending vibration perpendicular to
the medium
– Longitudinal: push & pull wave sending vibration parallel to the medium
Parallel Vibration
Perpendicular Vibration
Direction of Energy
Direction of Energy
Transverse Waves• Transverse Examples: These waves can travel without a MEDIUM!
– Ocean Waves – All Electromagnetic Radiation (comes from sun)
• Radio Waves• Microwaves• Infrared (heat waves)• Visible Light• UV Rays• X-rays• Gamma Rays
– The only differencebetween all EM wavetypes is a change inwavelength, frequency
and energy.
E-M Spectrum
E-M Spectrum
Longitudinal Waves
• Longitudinal Examples: These waves REQUIRE a MEDIUM to travel!
– Sound Waves• Cannot travel in space (no medium/matter)• Change in amplitude = volume• Change in wavelength = pitch
Standing Waves• A wave that remains in constant position.
This is also related to the concept of resonance.
Standing Waves• A wave that remains in constant position.
This is also related to the concept of resonance.
Fundamental Harmonic
2nd Harmonic
3rd Harmonic
4th Harmonic
Standing Waves
• Node: quiet part of a standing wave• Anti-node: loud part of a standing wave
Node Anti-Node
Frequency Relationships• (velocity of waves) = (wavelength) x (freq.)
– As wavelength gets smaller frequency goes up– As wavelength gets bigger frequency goes down
– As velocity gets higher, frequency goes up– As velocity gets lower, frequency goes down