Water types and humidif ier

performance and maintenance

Water and humidification:

• Watertypes(hard,softandRO/DIwater)• Theeffectsofwaterinsteamgeneratinghumidifiers• Waterlevelcontrolsystemsandoutputperformance• Performanceandmaintenance• High-pressureatomizingsystem• Humidifiertechnologyandassociatedwatertypes• Fillwateraffectsonperformance,Maintenance,steam

quality,andefficiencyinnon-electrodesystems• Productsbyenergysource• Whatdoyouwanttodo?

Humidificationistheprocessoftransformingwaterintovapor,andsoitisnotsurprisingthatwatertypehasagreatimpactonhumidifierperformance(efficiency,outputconsistency,andcontrol)andmaintenancerequirements.InordertomaintainRHandkeepyourhumidificationsystemrunningthewayitwasintended,itisimportanttounderstandhowwatertypesaffectshumidifiers.Thisdocumentintroduceswatertypesthatsupplysteamgenerating(isothermal)humidifiersandhigh-pressureatomizing(adiabatic)humidifiers,andexplainshowthesewatertypesaffecthumidifierperformanceandmaintenance.

P a g e 2 • D R I - S T E E M

Wa t e r t y p e s

Waterisoftencalledtheuniversalsolventbecausealmosteverythingissolubletosomedegreeinwater.Thispropertycauseswatertobecomecontaminatedbymanymaterialsitcontacts,withthemixofcontaminantspotentiallyvaryinggreatlyfromonelocationtoanother.Therearethreetypesofwaterusedinhumidifiers:• Hardwater(drinking,tap,orwellwater)• Softenedwater(hardnessreducedthroughanionexchangeprocess)• Reverseosmosisordeionizedwater(forcedthroughamembraneor

ionremoval)

Hard water

Hardwateriswaterthatcontainsmetalions(mainlycalciumandmagnesiumcarbonatesandbicarbonates)butmayincludeothersubstances.Hardnesscanbefoundindrinkingwater,tap,orwellwater.

Softened water

Softenedwaterisanywaterthatistreatedtoremovecalciumandmagnesiumions.Watersofteningisanionexchangeprocesswherecalciumandmagnesiumionsarereplacedbysodiumions.Sodiumionsstayinsolutioninwater,unlikecalciumandmagnesiumions,andtheydonotattachtohumidifiertankwallsandheatexchangersasscalethewaymagnesiumandcalciumdoes.

RO/DI water

Reverseosmosis(RO)waterhasbeenforcedthroughaspecialmembraneunderpressure.Theprocessproduceswaterthatisapproximately98%freeoftotaldissolvedsolids(TDS).Deionized(DI)waterispurifiedwithionsremoved.Theseionsincludepositiveionssuchassodium,calcium,iron,copper,andnegativeionssuchaschlorideandbromide.Deionizedwateriscreatedbytakingconventionalwaterandexposingittoresinsthatattractandbindtotheions,removingthemfromthewater.

Properly maintained RO/DI systems provide best performance and product longevity

A well-maintained RO/DI system produces water that is free of most or all total dissolved solids (TDS), including chlorides and other substances that can cause scale build up and/or corrosion.

Table 2-1: Which humidifier can I use with each water type?

Humidifier type

Hard water

Softened water

RO/DI water

Electric resistive X X X

Electrode X* X*

Gas X X X

STS X X X

High-pressure atomizing system

X

* Recommended microsiemen range for fill water is 125-1250.

D R I - S T E E M • P a g e 3

Whenhardwaterisboiledintosteam,certainparticulatesareleftbehindthatcausescalebuild-up.Ionsleftbehindcouldalsocorrodecertainmetals.

What's in your water?

Hardwaterhascalciumandmagnesiumcompoundsinitthataremeasuredingrainsofhardness.Thehigherthegrains,thehigherthehardness.Boilingwaterpromotestheprecipitationofcalciumandmagnesiumoutofsolution,wheretheyfalloutandcanformscale.

Scale

Whencalciumandmagnesiumdissolveinwater,theionsrecombineandformafarlesssolublecompoundcalledscale.

Corrosion

Corrosioniscausedbyachemicalreactionbetweenametal(iron,aluminum,zinc,etc.)andcorrosiveagents.Corrosionisthegradualdestructionofmaterial,usuallymetals,bychemicalreactionwithitsenvironment.Corrosiondegradestheusefulpropertiesofmaterialsandstructuresincludingstrength,appearanceandpermeabilitytoliquidsandgases.Manyalloyscorrodemerelyfromexposuretomoistureintheair,buttheprocesscanbestronglyaffectedbyexposuretocertaincorrosiveagentssuchaschlorides.Corrosioncanbeconcentratedtoformapitorcrack,oritcanextendacrossawideareamoreorlessuniformlycorrodingthesurface.

T h e e f f e c t s o f w a t e r i n s t e a m g e n e r a t i n g h u m i d i f i e r s

Table 3-1:DRI-STEEM supply water guidelines

Total hardness 0 to 500 ppm

Chlorides*

RO or DI water

Softened water

Tap water

< 5 ppm

< 25 ppm

< 50 ppm

pH

RO, DI, or softened water

Tap water

7 to 8

6.5 to 8.5

Silica < 15 ppm

* Damage caused by chloride corrosion is not covered by your DRI-STEEM warranty.

Note: Water that contains chlorides, and has low hardness, allows corrosion to proceed at faster rates.

You may wish to take action to mitigate potential negative effects to your humidifier. Supply water outside of these guidelines may void your DRI-STEEM warranty. Please contact your DRI-STEEM Representative or DRI-STEEM Technical Support if you need advice.

Supply water guidelinesSupply water quality is an important component of humidifier reliability and maintenance.

Examples: • Corrosive water can decrease the service life of

the humidifier.

• Excessive water hardness can increase the humidifier maintenance requirements.

To maximize humidifier service life and minimize humidifier maintenance, DRI-STEEM has established guidelines for supply water. See Table 3-1.

P a g e 4 • D R I - S T E E M

Conductivity probes

Conductivityprobesystems(usedinourstandard-watermodels)replaceboiled-offwaterperiodicallyandthereforecauseatemporaryinterruptioninsteamoutput.Inthesesystems,aprobewiththreerodsofthreelengthsdetectswaterlevels.Whenwaterreachesthetoprod,thefillvalvestopsfilling;whenwaterreachesthemiddlerod,thefillvalvestartsfilling.Oncewaternolongertouchesthebottomrod,heatersarede-energizedforlow-waterprotection.Theverticaldistancebetweentheendsofthetopandmiddlerodsdefineshowmuchwaterisreplacedwhenthefillvalveison,whichcorrespondstothetimeperiodofreducedornosteamoutput.ConductivityprobesystemsrequireaminimumlevelofmineralsinthewatertooperateandthereforedonotworkwithRO/DIwater.Anadvantageofthistypeofwaterlevelcontrolisthatitprovidesaccuratewaterlevelreadings,allowingapredictableskimcycleforremovingprecipitatedmineralsbywatersurfaceskimmingwitheachfillcycle.Skimmingflushesfloatingparticulatestothedrainanddilutesthemineralconcentrationinthetankwaterwhilecausingminimalreductioninsteamoutput.Surfaceskimmingsystemsproduceanegligibleinterruptiontosteamoutputbecauseheatersremainonduringskimming,andbecausetanksthatareregularlyskimmedrequirelesstankdrainingandflushing.Drainingandflushingatankcausessteamoutputtostopfortheentiredrainduration,whichinsomesystemscanbeaslongas60minutes.AllDRI-STEEMskimdurationsareuser-adjustable,allowingoperatorstochangethelengthoftimethetankskims,aswellasthefrequency.

Wa t e r l e v e l s y s t e m s a n d o u t p u t c o n t ro l

Tank-level icons indicate water level at the water level control probe.

Top probe

Mid probe

Low probe

Figure 4-1:Water level control for tap/softened water systems

VLC-OM-030

D R I - S T E E M • P a g e 5

Figure 5-2:Water level control for RO/DI water systems

Figure 5-3:Low water cutoff switch for RO/DI water systems

Supply water connection

Float rod

Float ball

OM-7396

Humidifiers using RO/DI water control water levels using a float valve and low-water cutoff switch.

mc_052710_1644

Switch opens normally open when float ball is at its lowest point on the stem, cutting power to the heaters or heat exchangers.

OM-3009

Float valve system

RO/DIwaterissopure,itisnotconductive;therefore,RO/DIwatersystemsuseafloatvalvetocontrolwaterlevels.Thefillisaccomplishedviaafloatballattachedtoamechanicalvalve.SeeFigure4-2.Coldmake-upwaterisintroducedintothetankonaconsistentbasis,andinsmallamounts.Thisdoesnotquenchtheboilorinterruptsteamproduction.Therefore,floattechnologywithRO/DIwaterismoresuitableforcriticalapplicationsrequiringmoreconsistentsteamoutput.RO/DIsystemsareusedinmorecriticalapplicationswherecontrollabilityandoutputconsistencyrequirementsareimportant.RO/DIsystemsareused,1)wherewater/steampurityisimportant,2)whendemineralizedwaterisneededtoimproveperformanceorlessenmaintenancerequirements,or3)whenawatersourceisRO/DIwater,thusrequiringafloatratherthanaprobetosensewaterlevels.

Wa t e r l e v e l s y s t e m s a n d o u t p u t c o n t ro l

P a g e 6 • D R I - S T E E M

Asahumidifierboilsoffwatertosupplyhumidificationsteam,thatwatermustbereplaced.Waterreplenishmentinsteamgeneratinghumidifierswithheatexchangersorelectricheatingelementsiscontrolledviaconductivityprobesorfloatvalves,dependingonthewatertype.Float-fillvalvesarenoteffectiveintaporsoftenedwatersystemsbecauseprecipitatedmineralsmaycollectonthefloat-fillassemblyandinterruptfloatmovement.Float-fillvalves,therefore,areusedonlywithRO/DIwater.

Float-fill valve with SSRs provides tightest RH control

Therearemanyvariablesthataffectisothermalhumiditycontrol,andthetighterthecontrolrequired,themorevariablesthatmustbecarefullymanaged.TherearetwomainhumidifiermechanicalissuesthataffectRHcontrol:replenishingwaterandmodulatingenergy.Thehumidificationsystemtypeyouchoosewillbedefinedbytherequirementsofyourparticularapplication.ButifyourgoalistoachievethetightestRHcontrolpossible,thenformostapplications,thepreferredhumidificationsystemwillreplenishwaterlevelsusingafloat-fillvalvewithRO/DIwaterandwillhaveelectronicallycontrolledelectricresistiveheatingelementswithmodulatedenergycontrolviaSSR.

Consistent output for tight control

Tightcontrol,maintainingarelativehumiditywithin1%,isachievedusingRO/DIwaterwithafloatcontrol.Floattechnologyhasatricklefillcomponentallowingforconstantandconsistentsteamproduction.Thistrickleaffecteliminatesanyopportunityformajorshiftsinwatertemperature.Waterwithmorethan30microsiemens/cmusesaprobesensortodetectthelevelofwater.Whenwaterlevelsreachapointneededtofillthetank,enteringwaterchangestheoveralltemperatureneededtoproducesteam.Thiscausesaninterruptioninsteamoutputconsistencyduetoreheatingandrefilling.

Wa t e r l e v e l s y s t e m s a n d o u t p u t c o n t ro l

D R I - S T E E M • P a g e 7

P e r f o r m a n c e a n d m a i n t e n a n c e i n g a s , re s i s t i v e , a n d s t e a m - t o - s t e a m h u m i d i f i e r s

Solid State Relay (SSR) Introduction

A SSR is an electronic switching device in which a small control signal controls a larger load current or voltage. It consists of a sensor which responds to an appropriate input (control signal), a solid-state electronic switching device which switches power to the load circuitry, and some coupling mechanism to enable the control signal to activate this switch without mechanical parts. The relay may be designed to switch either AC or DC to the load. It serves the same function as an electromechanical relay, but has no moving parts and can switch at a faster rate, leading to better steam output control.

How water type affects humidifier performance

Isothermalsystems—systemsthatboilwatertomakesteam—typicallymaintainRHlevelswithin1%-5%ofanestablishedsetpoint,withtheabilitytomaintainaspecificlevelofcontroldirectlydependentonthesystem'sabilitytorespondtochangingenvironmentalconditions.Responsivenessisaffectedbytwothings:deliveryoftheenergysourceandtheamountofwaterdiscarded(throughskim,drain,andflushcycles)toremoveminerals.Incombinationwithaprogrammablecontroller,usinghighqualityvalvesorsubstitutingelectronicheatercontrollerssuchassolidstaterelays(SSRs)formechanicalcontactorsallowresponsivesteamproduction.

Low mineral content means low maintenance

Fromamaintenancepointofview,thelowerthemineralcontentinthewater,thelessmaintenancerequired.Mineralbuildupinimproperly-maintainedisothermalsystemscancausehumidifierstomalfunction:heatercoilscanfailprematurely,heatexchangeroutputisreducedbyscalebuildup,conductivityprobesystemsthatmeasurewaterlevelsquitworking,anddrainvalvesbecomeplugged.RO/DIwaterhasthelowestmineralcontent,butitsuseiscost-prohibitiveunlessneededforhighpurityhumidificationortomeetverystrictperformancerequirements(suchasinsemiconductormanufacturing).HardwatercanbeusedinisothermalhumidifierswiththeunderstandingthatthesesystemsrequireregularinspectionandcleaningandthatRHperformancewillfluctuate.Buttheeasiestandmostcost-effectivewaytoreducemaintenancerequirementsistosoftenthefillwater.Asapreventativemeasure,followTable3-1"SupplyWaterGuidelines"onpage3tominimizetheriskofcorrosion.

Efficiency

Howwatertypeaffectsenergyefficiencyiscloselyrelatedtohowwatertypeaffectsperformance.Simplystated,theharderthewater,themorewaterwasteddownthedraintoremovemineralsand,therefore,themorewaterthatwillneedtobereplacedandreheated,resultinginincreasedenergycosts.

P a g e 8 • D R I - S T E E M

P e r f o r m a n c e a n d m a i n t e n a n c e i n e l e c t ro d e h u m i d i f i e r s

Electrodehumidifiersfunctionverydifferentlyfromotherhumidifiertechnologies.Someofthefactorstoconsideraresteamoutputconsistency,efficiency,cylinderlife,andstart-uptime.Understandingthesefactorsandthevariablesthatimpactthemwillresultinproperapplicationofthistechnology.

Output consistency and efficiency

Controlleralgorithmsoptimizesteamoutputconsistency,waterefficiency,andenergyefficiencybymanagingthefrequencyanddurationofdrainandfilleventsforthesupplywaterbeingused.Thefrequencyanddurationofdrainandfilleventsisproportionaltotheconductivityofthesupplywater.Lessconductivesupplywaterrequireslessfrequentdrainandfillevents,resultinginmoreconsistentsteamoutputandmoreefficientuseofenergyandwater.

Cylinder life

Hardwaterscalecoatstheelectrodesandeventuallyrequiresacylinderreplacement.Theharderthewater,themorefrequenttheneedforanewcylinder.Softenedwaterisanoptioninsomefacilities.Becausesoftenedwaterionsstayinsolutiontomuchhigherconcentrationsthanhardwaterions,softenedwaterdoesnotcoattheelectrodesnearlyasmuchashardwater,potentiallyextendingcylinderlife.Therearebenefitsandtrade-offstoconsiderwhentheapplicationallowsachoicebetweenhardandsoftenedwater:

• Thebenefitofsoftenedwaterislongercylinderlife(dependingonwaterchemistry),butthetrade-offismorefrequentdrainandfillevents.

• Thebenefitofhardwaterislessfrequentdrainandfilleventsbutmayresultinmorefrequentcylinderreplacement.

Start-up time

Start-uptimeishowlongittakesthehumidifiertoreachoutputfromagivendemandwhenfirstinstalledandaftercylinderchanges.Themoreconductivethewater,theshorterthestart-uptime.

Water conductivity:

In electrode humidifiers, steam output is directly related to the resistance of the water in the steam cylinder and, therefore, the conductivity of the water between the electrodes. Higher water levels cover more electrode surface and result in more steam; lower water levels cover less electrode surface and result in less steam. Since water conductivity and water level both correlate to steam output, algorithms monitor conductivity and manages drain and fill events to optimize humidifier performance and provide proper steam output.

Drain and fill events:

As the water in the cylinder boils into steam, the concentration of conductive ions increases until it reaches a threshold that triggers a drain and fill event. This rids the cylinder of highly conductive water and replaces it with less conductive fill water. The more conductive the fill water and the higher the demand, the more quickly the threshold is reached, and the more frequently the cylinder automatically drains and fills to stay within the parameters for proper steam output.mc_091610_1630

D R I - S T E E M • P a g e 9

H i g h - p re s s u re a t o m i z i n g s y s t e m

Pure pressurized water and micro-turbine injection nozzles

High-pressureatomizingsystemsprovidehigh-quality,industrial-gradehumidificationsolutionssuitableforawidevarietyofapplications.Thehigh-pressureatomizingsystempropelspurifiedandpressurizedwaterthroughmicro-turbineinjectionnozzlestodistributemicron-sizedwaterdropletsintoopenspacesorairstreamsforquickabsorptionashumidification.Spinningturbinesinsidehigh-technozzlesfragmentwaterdropletsintoultra-fineparticles(tenmicronsorless),allowingquickandcompleteabsorption.Eachnozzle’sintegralcheckvalvepreventsdrippingwhenthesystemshutsoff.Stainless-steelpumpandpipingcompletethemechanicalparts.Reverseosmosisandparticulatewaterfiltering,dechlorination,andwatersofteningensurepurehumidification.Analgorithmiccontrollerprovidespreciseandresponsivecontrol.Combined,thesecomponentsbecomeacustomized,engineeredhumidificationsystemdesignedforyourspecificrequirements.Recommendedlimitsforreverseosmosiswaterinahighpressureatomizingsystemarezeroppmhardness,0ppmchlorine,andunder10ppmintotaldissolvedsolids(TDS).Mostmicroorganismsarekilledwhenwaterisheatedto180°F(83°C),andsotheyarenottypicallyaconcernwhenusingisothermalhumidifierswherewaterisboiledtomakesteam.However,careshouldbetakentoensurethatallharmfulmicroorganismsareremovedfromwatersourcesfeedingnon-boiling(adiabatic)humidifierssuchasairwashers,foggers,atomizers,orpeziodisksystems.Inaddition,eventhoughawatersupplymaybefreeofharmfulbacteria,contaminantsfromtheaircanstillcausemicrobialgrowthinwetted-mediaorwicksystems.High-PressureAtomizingSystemstreatsupplywaterthroughprocessesofchlorination,softening,pre-filtering,andreverseosmosistoensurethewaterisultrapureandsafeforhumidification.

P a g e 1 0 • D R I - S T E E M

H u m i d i f i e r t e c h n o l o g y a n d a s s o c i a t e d w a t e r t y p e s

Ohms

0.055

1

1

18.2

0.1 0.2 1 10 100 1,000 100,00010,000 50,000

10201001,00010,000100,0001510

Megohms

30

microsiemens/cm mho

XTWater level control with float valve:

• CRUV • Vapormist• GTS • Vaporstream• STS

125 1250

Water level control with conductivity probes:

• CRUV• GTS• STS• Vapormist• Vaporstream

NOTE:

1. DRI-STEEM humidifiers using float technology are designed to work with RO/DI water only.2. Water conductivity is not a controlability factor for High Pressure Atomizing Systems. Low TDS are required to prevent clogging.

20

High pressure atomizing systems

Non-conductive water (RO/DI)

Conductivityiswater'sabilitytoconductanelectriccurrent.RO/DIwaterisnotconductive;therefore,amechanicalfloatvalveisusedtocontrolwaterlevels.

Conductive water (tap/softened)

DRI-STEEM'stap/softenedwaterhumidifierswithheatexchangersorelectricheatingelementsusewaterconductivitytocarryacurrentforwaterlevelsensingandcontrol(e.g.probes).Theguidelineforconductivityprobesis30μ/cmorhigher.

Electrode humidifiers

Electrodehumidifiersusewater'sconductivitytocarrycurrentwhileusingresistanceinthewatertocreateheatandsteam.Theymonitorcurrentinthewaterbetweentheelectrodestooptimizesteamoutputconsistency.

High pressure atomizing system

Controllabilityisnotdependantdirectlyuponconductivityorresistivity,butlowTDSarerequiredtopreventclogging.

Table 10-1: Relative position of DRI-STEEM humidifiers in relation to water purity.

D R I - S T E E M • P a g e 1 1

Table 11-1: How fill water type affects performance, maintenance, steam quality, and efficiency in non-electrode isothermal humidification systems

Fillwater type/con-ductivity

Drain/flushfrequency Hardness

RH performance(control range)

Maintenancerequirements

Humidification steam quality

Water and energy efficiency

Potable

(minimum conductivity 30 µS/cm)

System with auto drain and flush: Several times per season (dependant upon demand and humidifier model).

Up to 30 gpg

(500 mg/L)

RH control in space is dependant upon transmitter or humidistat specs and air exchanges.

Humidification temporarily interrupted by skim, drain and flush cycles with probe level control.

Temporary hardness results in scale build up and requires maintenance at a frequency based upon water hardness and demand.

Pure humidification steam. However, if VOCs are present, they will evolve. If carry-over occurs, dissolved solids may transfer.

Water and energy usage is directly related to skim, drain and flush cycles, which are more frequent with potable water. In addition, performance degradation can occur in heat exchanger-based systems if the heat exchanger becomes coated with mineral scale.

Softened

(minimum conductivity 30 µS/cm)

System with auto drain and flush: Several times per season (dependant upon demand and humidifier model).

N/A RH control in space is dependant upon transmitter or humidistat specs and air exchanges.

Humidification temporarily interrupted by skim, drain and flush cycles with probe level control.

Scale build up is minimized due to solubility of soft water solids. Can go up to two years without cleaning, but quarterly inspections are encouraged. Skim, drain and flush cycle frequency/duration affect maintenance requirements.

Pure humidification steam. However, if VOCs are present, they will evolve. If carry-over occurs, dissolved solids may transfer.

Softened water generally requires less frequent skim, drain and flush cycles resulting in higher efficiency. However, be sure to follow the supply water guidelines to minimize issues if corrosive agents are present (e.g. chlorides).

High purity (RO/DI)

Infrequent skim, drain and flush cycle requirements (based upon water quality).

N/A RH control in space is dependant upon transmitter or humidistat specs and air exchanges.

Consistent steam output with float level control.

Cleaning typically not required, but quarterly inspections are encouraged.

Pure humidification steam. Steam generated by an isothermal process is more pure than humidification produced by an adiabatic process.

Efficient, because of infrequent drain requirements. However, a very small amount of water regularly overflows to keep the P-trap filled.

F i l l w a t e r a f f e c t s o n p e r f o r m a n c e , m a i n t e n a n c e , s t e a m q u a l i t y, a n d e f f i c i e n c y i n n o n - e l e c t ro d e s y s t e m s

P a g e 1 2 • D R I - S T E E M

Table 12-1: DRI-STEEM products by energy source

Energy source

DRI-STEEM product Key features

Maximum capacity RH

control capability*lbs/hr kg/h

Pres

suri

zed

stea

m

Ultra-sorb® model LV/LH

Pres

suriz

ed s

team

inje

ctio

n di

sper

sion

• Shortest non-wetting distances• Efficient by design• Lowest installation costs• Disperses pressurized and non pressurized steam• Wide capacity range and options

4,000 1,815 ±1%

Ultra-sorb model XV

• Shortest non-wetting distances• Efficient by design• Lowest installation costs• Integral condensate management• Zero water waste• Lowest heat gain

1,978 898 ±1%

Mini-bank®

• Short to moderate absorption distance• Suitable for medium capacity systems• Sized for small ducts• Pre-assembled

84 38 ±1%

Maxi-bank™ and

Multiple-tube

• Short to moderate absorption distance• Suitable for large capacity systems• Fits small ducts to large air handlers• Maxi-bank pre-assembled• Multiple-Tube field-assembled

3,989 1,809 ±1%

Single-tube• Long absorption distance• Suitable for (not limited to) small capacity systems• Factory assembled and pre piped

525 238 ±1%

Area-type™

• Suitable for medium capacity systems• Used in ductless spaces• Absorption varies by application

286 130 ±3%

STS®

Evap

orat

ive

stea

m

disp

ersi

on

• Chemical-free steam• Economical: Uses on-site boiler steam • Easy retrofit for steam injection humidifiers• Extra large capacity

1,600 726 ±3%

P ro d u c t s b y e n e r g y s o u rc e

D R I - S T E E M • P a g e 1 3

Table 14-1: DRI-STEEM products by energy source (cont.)

Energy source

DRI-STEEM product Key features

Maximum capacity RH

control capability*lbs/hr kg/h

Gas GTS®Ev

apor

ativ

e st

eam

dis

pers

ion

• Lowest operating cost• Indoor and outdoor enclosures• Integral drain water tempering

600 272 ±3%

Electricity

Vaporstream®

• Precise RH control (±1%)• On-off or time-proportioned control, with solid-state relay option• Weather cover and climate-controlled outdoor enclosure options• Disperses steam through ductwork or directly into a space

285 129 ±1%

Vapormist®

• Compatible with all water types• For use in finished spaces• Disperses steam through ductwork with dispersion tubes or

panels

102 46 ±3%

CRUV®

• Control to ±3% RH• Compatible with all water types• Easy tank access without disconnecting wires or plumbing

102 46 ±3%

XT Series

• Easy to install and maintain• Low up-front cost• Replaceable cylinders• Automatic drain and fill events

280 130 ±3%

Adiabatic High pressure atomizing system N

ozzl

e • Energy-efficient humidification• Reduces cooling load• Reduces water waste

8,500 3855 ±3%

* Many variables affect RH control capability, such as air exchanges, open windows and doors, humidistat or transmitter specifications, etc.

P ro d u c t s b y e n e r g y s o u rc e

Form No. WaterFlyer-Flyer-0612

DRI-STEEM CorporationAn ISO 9001:2000 certified company

U.S. Headquarters:14949 Technology DriveEden Prairie, MN 55344800-328-4447 or 952-949-2415952-229-3200 (fax)

Continuous product improvement is a policy of DRI-STEEM Corporation; therefore, product features and specifications are subject to change without notice.

DRI-STEEM, Dri-calc, Rapid-sorb, STS, Ultra-sorb, and Vapor-logic, are registered trademarks of DRI-STEEM Corporation and are filed for trademark registration in Canada and the European community.

Drane-kooler is a trademark of DRI-STEEM Corporation.

Product and corporate names used in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks. They are used for explanation only without intent to infringe.

© 2012 DRI-STEEM Corporation

Your DRI-STEEM representative is:

W h a t d o y o u w a n t t o d o ?

Choosingtherighthumidificationsystembasedonallthedifferentwatertypesiscriticalandrequiresansweringsomespecificquestions.• Whataremycontrolrequirements?• Isthisforcomfortorforacriticalapplicationthatrequiresprecise

control?• Whatarethemaintenancerequirements?• WhattypeofwaterdoIcurrentlyhave?• ShouldItreatmywater?Tightcontrolwillrequireoptimalperformancewithaspecificdesign.Humidifyingforcomfortopensupawiderangeofwaterandtechnologyoptions.Itisimportanttoknowthatdesigningahumidificationsystemaroundtheeffectswaterhasonthesystemaredramatic.Ifyouhaveconcernsregardingyoursystemorneeds,contactyourlocalDRI-STEEMRepresentativewithquestions.