water system energy savings
DESCRIPTION
Water System Energy Savings. Don Day Extension Associate – Energy December 2012. Outline. Management Changes Scheduling Timing Mechanical Changes Checking System Energy Source Fuel Cost Comparisons Other farm water use. Irrigation Energy Savings. Water only when needed. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Water System Energy Savings
Don DayExtension Associate – Energy
December 2012
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Outline
• Management Changes– Scheduling– Timing
• Mechanical Changes– Checking System
• Energy Source– Fuel Cost Comparisons
• Other farm water use
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Irrigation Energy Savings
• Water only when needed.
Methods used to decide when to irrigate
other - 9%neighbors 7%
computer model 1%
calendar 25 %
Water delivery org - 12%
Daily ET reports - 9%
Feel of soil 43%
crop condition - 78%
Plant moisture device - 2%
soil moisture sensors - 9%
Scheduling service - 8%
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Scheduling Methods
• Woodruff Method – or checkbook method– http://agebb.missouri.edu/irrigate/woodruff/
• Weather data• Recording field information: Sensors
– Soil moisture blocks– Tensiometers
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Crop Water Use from Weather Data
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MU Weather Stations
• http://agebb.missouri.edu/weather/stations/index.htm
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Fine sandy loam 25-50% AW
Soil Water by Hand Feel Method
Fine sandy loam 50-75% AW
Fine sandy loam 75-100%
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Granular Matrix Block
WATERMARKSOIL WATER SENSOR
PVC Pipe ½” SDR 13.5 (Working Pressure 315 psi) I.D. = 0.716”CPVC Pipe ¾” Copper Tube Size (WP 100 psi) I.D. = 0.715”
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Sensor Installation Depths
12”
12”
12”
Soil Depth Intervals
Insertion Hole
Chisel Slot16” 6”
18”
42”
30”
12”
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Hansen AM400 DataloggerData Logger
- 6 Soil water sensors and two soil temperature sensors- Provides in field graph of past 35 days- More difficult to wire sensors into data logger- Special cable needed to download data
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Easy Access
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Irrigation Testing
• Uniformity testing– Takes about 4 hours– Should be done every 3-5 years
• Pump/well testing– http://farmenergymedia.extension.org/video/irrig
ation-pumping-plant-efficiency– http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae122– http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/ev
ans/ag452-6.html– http://itc.tamu.edu/documents/l885.pdf
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Maintenance• Leaks
– Reduce pressure– Affect uniformity
• Nozzles– Each worn nozzle can cost $4/yr. in energy cost
• Power Units– Proper maintenance– Keep weeds mowed for ventilation
• Pumps– Worn impellers– Seals
• Intakes: lower water levels may require adjustment of pumps due to water level.
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Pump with Normal Seal
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Pump with Worn Seal
Some water is re-pumped and re-pressurized
Worn sealInternal leakage
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Worn Impellers
Enclosed Impeller
Open Impeller
North Central Region SARE Grant, 2011
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Impeller Adjustment is Key
Bottom Seal re-established, improving output and efficiency (may increase per hour energy use)
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Irrigation Energy Assessments
• NRCS:– http://www.ruralenergy.wisc.edu/conservation/irr
igation/default_irrigation.aspx
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Decreasing Irrigation EnergyItem Potential Savings
Improve Pumping Plant Efficiency 50%
Decrease operating pressure 50%
Reduce amt. of water pumped 25%
Load Management 50%
Down-size electric motors 10%
Change sprinklers to reduce evap. 10%
Water at night 5-10%
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Fuel Cost Comparisons
• http://agebb.missouri.edu/irrigate/tips/index.htm
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Additional Resources• http://www.extension.org/pages/27775/intro
duction-to-energy-efficient-irrigation
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Financial Assistance
• EQIP – USDA NRCS– http://www.mo.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/eqip/eqi
p.html• REAP –USDA Rural Development
– http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/MO-REAP.html
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Loans and Cost Share Might be Used For:
• Converting to low pressure• Change of nozzles• Updating power equipment• Converting type of fuel• Sensors
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Livestock Watering Systems
• http://www.extension.org/pages/32596/livestock-watering-systems-energy-efficiency-checklist-and-tips
• http://extension.missouri.edu/p/EQ380
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Livestock Waterers
• MAESTRO example– Heating elements ran 24 hours/day for 75 days.
(600 hrs. run time)– One 500 watt, three 250 watt– Used 2250 kWh at cost of $270– Cost of energy free waterers, $1650– Payback = 5.7 years
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Livestock Waterers
• Thermostat settings• Check for leaks• Insulate waterer
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Pump Houses
• MAESTRO Example:– Uninsulated pump house:
• 790 kWh electric use at cost of $95/year• Add insulation• Reduce to 272 kWh at cost of $33• Cost of insulation = $230• Annual savings = $62• Payback = 3.7 years
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Pump Houses
• Seal air leaks• Add insulation• Use thermostats to control heat
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Files on the Jump Drive
• This presentation: Water System Energy Saving Don Day.pptx
• Bioenergy and Sustainable Energy Series– Encon-2.4-11-30-2012.pdf– Encon-2.4-Irrigation Self-Test.docx
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Files on Jump Drive
• ATTRA publications:– Energytips_irrig.pdf– Irrigation-water.pdf– Maintaining_pumps.pdf– Soil_moisture.pdf
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Files on Jump Drive
• PowerPoints– Energy Conservation with pipeline design– Irrigation Management Tools for Energy
Conservation_2011– Reducting_Pumping_Energy_Costs12011_final
• Handouts:– Irrigation Pumping Costs Handout_2011– Evaluating Pumping Plant Efficiency, K-State– Updating the Nebraska Pumping Plant Performance
Criteria
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Files on Jump Drive
• Joe Henggler files:– Options to Decrease Irrigation Cost– Expanded Options to Decrease Energy Cost in
Irrigation– Fuel Cost Comparisons (Excel File also on AgEbb)