water resources engineering1

7/30/2019 Water Resources Engineering1

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Water Resources Planning

& Management

Dr.P.Vincent,Professor, Dept.of Civil EnggMepco Schlenk Engg.College,

Sivakasi.


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Introduction

Essential Life, Food production, Economic

Development Impossible Substitute, Difficult depollute,

Expensive transport

Diversion, Transport, Storage, Recycling Surface & Ground Water Major role

Catering all kinds of needs


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Cont National water policy (1987) Planning & Operation

of system Allocation prioritiesDrinking water

Irrigation

Hydropower

Ecology

Agricultural & Non-Agricultural IndustriesNavigation

India Annual ppn 4000 km3 (SW & NE Monsoon)

20 Major rivers Several tributaries

Many perennial ( Ganges, Bramaputra, Indus) GW Accounts 80% Domestic water & >45% of

total irrigation

Country Water stressed availability < 1700m3 peryear


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Cont

In India per capita SW availability in

1991 2309 m3,2001 1902 m3.

In 2025 1401 m3 (projected) &

2050 1191 m3 (projected)

Proper planning, development &

management - essential.


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Mans Influence on

Hydrological cycle

Qualitative & Quantitative change

Dams & Reservoirs, Land use change,

Irrigation, etc.,

4 Major groups : Affecting hydrological

region

Diversion of river runoff

Construction of water storage structures

Afforestation & Deforestation, Urbanization,

Agricultural practice, etc.,

Climate change at regional & global level.


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Precipitation Variability

Long term a.a.r 1160mm

Highest annual rainfall 11,690 mm

Mousinram Cherrapunji Megalaya

NE

Daily rainfall 1040 mm

of rain pours -


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Water Management inIndia A holistic, well planned long term strategy

needed sustainable WRM India

Data collection, recording, monitoring,

processing, storage, retrieval & dissemination.

Not only for mgt. also planning & design of WR

structures.

DSS, Knowledge sharing, peoplesparticipation, mass communication, capacity

building essential WRM.


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Important aspects ofWRM Flood Management Drought Management

Ground Water Management

Conjunctive use of SW & GW Water conservation

Watershed Management

Rainwater harvesting

Water quality conservation and environment

restoration


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Contd. Recycle and Reuse of water Inter - basin Water transfer

Vulnerability to climate change and adaptation

changes Water demand reduction and management

resources

Legal restrictions on water use

Land use planning and cropping pattern

Demand management for Urban areas and

industries

Water prizing


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Contd. Desalination of water

Data monitoring and information system

Application of DSS in water resources

Eco hydrological approach in WRM

People participation and capacity building

Unit rate

Economic incentives.


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Water resources project planning

Hydrology, Geology, water & land mgt.- besides social, political and environmental factors

Selection complex task large number ofvariables Final decision

Statement of purpose

Evaluation of alternatives

Systematic consideration of project

Selection of project


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Investigation in project planning

Explanatory studies reconnaissance

survey field data all activities

identified

Feasibility studies performance,

cost, quality

Final studies

Design details

Construction drawings & specifications

Best alternative comparison


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Statement of objectivesdecided by decision makers

Objectives are 2 different levels

Regional level (broader sense)

Economic efficiency

Income redistribution

Regional developmentQuality of environment

Employment potential

Project level (more specific)

Increase food production

Augmentation of existing HP, Irrigation, flood control,

etc.,

Enhanced quality of environment


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Planning Data requirement and collection

Sufficient field data and other informations

Identify critical problem areasData:

Hydrologic and climate data

Geological data

Topographical data

Current data Land use, population,topography, water resources, HPP

Historical data 30 to 50 yrs.Inadequate data Generate data variousmethods

New gauging sites installed beginning of

planning


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Multipurpose Project Planning

Basic factordesigncompromise

Effective operational Salient characteristicsdesign

physical works plan2 alternativespossible

Assume no storage is jointly used

Assume all storage is jointly used


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Drawbacks in Project Planning

Unsound preliminary report

Inappropriate design criteria

Time lagconstructionuse of project Neglecting economic analysis

Nonconsideration of marginal cost

Failureconsiderall alternatives Nonconsiderationnext best alternative


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Conclusion

To achieve better WRM :

Co-ordination among various departments

No political influence

Scientific ways of water management

Recycle & reuse of water

Depollution of available WR

Development of new water resources projects

Public awareness


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Contd.,

Proper Data collection & storage

Public participation

Environmental awareness Sustainable Development

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THANK YOU

water resources engineering1

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