Water Notes

Pages: 12 – 20

Water Quality Book

Groundwater• Groundwater is stored underground• It may be very young or very old water (put there recently or a long time ago) Aquifer: “Porous” rock that can hold water Porous: has tiny holes

Groundwater is finite: Limited• Groundwater flows underground and can

move quickly or slowly. (Inches per year – feet per day)

• When water falls on the surface of the earth it can seep into the ground.

• If the soil is polluted, then the groundwater will be polluted.

Acid Rain• pH Scale: 1……Acids…….7…….Bases………14• Acids: Less than pH of 7 taste sour can dissolve metals pH less than 7Neutral: 7• Bases: Greater than a pH of 7 taste bitter feel slippery pH greater than 7

Buffer• A substance that will neutralize an acid or a

base.• Neutralization: When acids and bases cancel

each other out. (make them a pH of 7 - Neutral)

Acid Rain: pH less than 5.6 Can come from Car exhaust – Coal burning

Factories

Strength of an Acid or Base

• Every time you move one number on the pH scale, it changes the strength of the acid or base by 10X.

7 8 9 10 10X 10X 10X

Dams• Uses for Dams• River travel – barges• ElectricityDams can be harmful:*Impounded water: floods the land*Increases water temp.(harms fish)Anadramous Fish: fish need to swim upstream to

lay eggsFish can not get over the Dams. (Use Fish Ladders)