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Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development Jean-Pierre TABUCHI Direction Santé Environnement

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Page 1: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Water Management in Paris AreaToward sustainable development

Jean-Pierre TABUCHI

Direction Santé Environnement

Page 2: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Successive visions of sanitation

Objectives in sanitation has changed

1. 19th century to mid 20 th century : Hygienic approach - Evacuate waste water downstream from Paris

2. At the turn of the 70’s : Environmental approach

3. At the end of the 80’s : Sustainable Development

Page 3: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

SIAAP's Presentation

Page 4: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

� Being a major actor in sustainable development of Pari s area � as regards the preservation of the Seine, English C hannel and

North Sea;

� Being a public utility environmentally responsible, � fulfilling its mission with the smallest environmen tal footprint

possible;

� Being a « ecocitizen » public utility. � ensuring that in its daily activity it shows in his exemplary

behavior towards the environment as should every ci tizen

What Sustainable Development means for the SIAAP ?

Page 5: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20
Page 6: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Seine River Catchment

Area : 97 000 km 2

Population : 17 000 000 inhabitants8 regions, 25 counties, 9 000 communitiesRivers length : 66 000 km

Page 7: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Seine River Catchment

Seine river length : 762 kmArea : 78 650 km 2

Page 8: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Seine River Catchment

Marne river length : 506 kmArea : 8 850 km 2

Page 9: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Seine River Catchment

Oise river length : 340 kmArea : 16 108 km 2

Page 10: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Hydrology

� Flow (Paris)

• Average flow : 310 m3/s• Mediane : 210 m3/s• Low flow : 95 m3/s

� Rainfall

• Average : 650 mm/y • 950 mm (2001) - 450 mm (2003)• 170 d/y with 110 day > 1 mm

Page 11: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20
Page 12: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Les Fleuves français : D ébits interannuels

0

500

1 000

1 500

2 000

2 500

3 000

janv. févr. mars avr. mai juin juil. août sept. oct. nov. déc.

Déb

it m

³/s

La Seine

La Loire

Le Rhône

Le Rhin

Page 13: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Main french rivers and anthropogenic impacts

12 70 000Paris170La Seine(Poissy)

1,8 4 700Lyon380Le Rhône

0,7 1 350Strasbourg520Le Rhin

habitants / m³.smillion d'habitantsm³/s

Population ImpactAgglomération

Débit d'étiage quinquennal

Fleuve

Page 14: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20
Page 15: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

SIAAP's settlements

Val d'Oise

Yvelines

Essonne

Seine et Marne

La Seine

La Marne

L'Oise

Seine-Saint-Denis

Val de Marne

Hauts

de

Seine

PARIS

Seine Grésillons

Seine aval

Seine centre

Seine MoréeMise en service : 2012

Marne aval

Seine amont

Page 16: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

The SIAAP’s Board

�33 members�Paris : 12 members�Each Departement : 7 members = 21

members�President : M. Ouzoulias�An executive board : 14 members

�Date of Birth : 1970

Page 17: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Collecting area

� 8,9 M connected inhabitants� 4 départements, 124 cities

158 communities outside SIAAP� 1 980 km2

� 23 syndicats� 400 industriels

� 2,3 Mm3/d of waste water

� Inner suburb : Combined sewer system� Outer suburb : separative or mixed sewer system

Page 18: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Population

Area Population DensityNumber of community

Paris 105 2 153 600 20 433 192 176 1 517 000 8 619 3693 236 1 459 000 6 182 4094 245 1 279 000 5 220 4777 5 915 1 260 000 213 51478 2 284 1 395 000 611 26291 1 804 1 188 000 659 19695 1 246 1 148 000 921 185

Paris Area 762 6 408 600 8 406 124Ile-de-France 12 011 11 399 600 949 1 281

CityDensity

inhab/km 2

Paris 20 433Djakarta 13 290NY 10 292New Delhi 9 291Paris Area 8 406Moscou 7 540Hong Kong 6 688Rio 5 190Londres 4 700Amsterdam 4 477Mexico 3 584Washington 3 127LA 3 041

Page 19: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

5 WWTP: 2,6 Mm3/j Dry weather,3,5 Mm3/j Max. biological capacity4,6 Mm3/j Rainy conditions

450 km of meshed transport network

900 000m3 of storage capacity

WWTP Storage facilities

Page 20: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

1700 employees

Page 21: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

� Length : 420 km � Diameter : 2,5 to 6 meters� Depth : 10 to 100 meters

Main Sewers

Page 22: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Storage facilities : 900 000 m3

� For stromwater management� Against floods and for stormwater pollution control

Page 23: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Seine river

� 2 specific kinds of settlements :

Dams for Wastes collection Oxygen Bublers

Page 24: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Real Time Control : MAGES

� Developped by the SIAAP and its partners� Aims :

• Reduce stormwater spillages (not more than 2 spills/year)

• Optimized WWTP filling and emptying storagetanks

� With :

• Rainfall forecasts• Numerical modelling

Page 25: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Évolution des capacités épuratoires

1 200

1 000

800

600

400

200

0

1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2007

Millions de m³/an

Capacité de traitement

Eaux usées produites

Achères I

Achères II

Achères III

Achères IV

Valenton IA

Valenton IB

ColombesValenton II

Grésillons

Waste water production

Page 26: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

WWTP Capacity 2012

Dry Weather

BOD5 NTKSeine aval 4 564 000 4 818 000

Seine amont 2 618 000 2 277 000Seine centre 982 000 774 000

Seine Grésillons 320 000 299 000Marne aval 500 000 464 000

Total 8 984 000 8 631 000

BOD5Seine aval 7 500 000

Seine amont 3 667 000Seine centre 900 000

Seine Grésillons 372 000Marne aval 555 000

Total 12 993 000

Units : Persons Equivalent

Rainy Weather

Page 27: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Waste Water Washing Machine

Population municipale : 8 860 000 habitants

Bilan te chnique 2009

Réseaux communauxet départementaux

Réseau de transport SIAAP

POLLUANTS ELIMINES

MES : 587,5 t/jDBO5 : 445 t/j

DCO : 1048,5 t/jNTK : 97,56 t/jPtot : 13,3 t/j

Volume : 2 351 000 m3/jMES : 634 t/jDBO : 481 t/jDCO : 1191 t/jNTK : 119 t/jPtot : 15,6 t/j

ENTREE USINESVolume : 2 315 000 m3/jMES : 622 t/jDBO5 : 475 t/jDCO : 1175 t/jNTK : 118,1 t/jPtot : 15,4 t/j

REJETS DES USINES

MES : 38 t/jDBO5 : 31 t/jDCO : 130 t/jNTK : 20,7 t/jNGL : 70,1 t/j Ptot : 2,2 t/j

Sables : 5,8 t/jDéchets : 11,3 t/j

Déversements temps de pluie

MES : 31,5 t/jDBO5 :15,5 t/jDCO :42,9 t/jNTK : 3,1 t/jPtot : 0,5 t/j

Rejets directs1 jour

Volume : 6 220 m3/jMES : 2 t/jDBO5 : 1 t/jDCO : 2,8 t/jNTK : 0,2 t/jPtot : 0,03 t/j

Graisses : 6,5 t/jSables : 9,8 t/j

Déchets : 12,2 t/jBoues biologiques : 351,8 t/j

ENERGIE - REACTIF

106 joursVolume : 99 000 m3/j

Seine-AvalSein-AmontSeine-Centre

Seine-GrésillonsMarne-Aval

ENERGIE : 2 603 MWhGaz - achats : 175 MWhGaz - production : 1 173 MWhElectricité - achats : 1120 MWhElectricité - prod. : 77 MWhFioul : 72 MWh

REACTIFSChlorure ferrique : 201 tMéthanol : 45,6 tNitrate de calcium : 94 t

ENERGIE - REACTIF /jour

Page 28: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Impact on receiving waters

Page 29: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20
Page 30: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

BOD 5

Page 31: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Ammonia

Page 32: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Phosphorus

Page 33: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

24,0

19,7

30,6

24,2

20,9

17,5

23,1

15,7

23,4

19,2

16,3

12,0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Not

e IP

R

Fish index

Page 34: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Financial data

Page 35: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Water Price

Prix Zone Eau de Paris : 3,02 €/m3Prix Zone SEDIF : 4,00 €/m3

Prix Moyenne territoire SIAAP: 3,57 €/m 3

Page 36: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Le prix de l'eau source : OBUSASS

36

€/m3 TTC Prix total Total eau potable

Total eaux

usées

VNF

Moyenne pondérée 3.567 1.408 2.149 0.011Paris 3.017 1.179 1.827 0.011SEDIF 4.001 1.581 2.410 0.011Maximum 5.022 1.581 3.430 0.011

€/m3 HT Départements SIAAP Communes ouinter-communalités

Syndicat local

Coût moyen

Paris 0,269 0,764 1,033

Départements 0,49 à 0,52 0,764 0,08 à 1,16 1,28 2,175

Eau potable : 40 %Assainissement : 60%

Page 37: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

A new situation

• Financial difficulties of local authorities

• In front of the reduction in the consumptions :• Where to find the new financial resources tomorrow?

• How to finance the general water policy� Is the water bill the right base ?� Where the water bill stops and wheer starts the taxpaye r

• New stakes� Access to water for all� Stormwater management� Asset management� …

Page 38: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20
Page 39: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Finance : Investments

� Investment revenues 2012 : 660 M €

Loans (AESN); 60M€ 9%

Loans (banks); 234,3M€ 36%

Subsidies AESN et Région; 133M€

20%Various; 2,2M€ 0%

Amortization; 230,3M€ 35%

Page 40: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Finance : Operating

�Operating expenses 2012 : 565 M €

Redevances 400,2Primes d’épuration et Aquex) 58Autres produits de gestion courante 5,3Divers 15,9

Total 565,1

91

Recettes BP 2012

Quote-part des subventions virées au résultat de l'exercice

Routine management expenditure 221,3Salary 85Frais financiers 19,5Dépenses exceptionnelles 9,3Total 565,1

Dépenses BP 2012

Page 41: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

The SIAAP and the Greater Paris

Page 42: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Horizons of Greater Paris

�A medium -term vision : 2030

�A long-term lighting : possible effects of climatechange

�How to design the city today to be sustainable tomorrow?

Page 43: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Demographic evolution

43

9.6

8.0

8.2

8.4

8.6

8.8

9.0

9.2

9.4

9.6

9.8

10.0

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035

Nom

bre

d'ha

bita

nts

en m

illio

ns

SIAAP tendanciel SIAAP selon prévision INSEE

?

Page 44: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

44

What water consumption ?

510

52

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035Volume tendanciel Volume H1 Volume H2 Conso. tendancielle Conso. H1 Conso. H2

Page 45: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

The possible effects of climatechange

�Effects awaited from the middle of the century

� Incresased of average annual temperatures� Mid- century : + 1,5°C à + 3°C

�Rainfalls : a decreasing trend

� Incresased evapotranspiration� Mid- century : + 16 %

�Decrease of rivers flows

More droughts

Page 46: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Conséquences pour l’assainissement

Seine's flowdecrease

Increase of pollutants loads atWWTP

Seine more fragile

More efficiencyMore reliability

5,3 t 4 t

A scissors effect related to possible effects climate change

Good status

Page 47: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Prix de l’eau, coût de l’assainissement

�Uncertainties on the tax base�Cost of the drinking water a priori stabilized�Sanitation costs trending upward ;

� Continued efforts to contribute to the objectives o f the WFD

� Asset management

�Decrease of tax bases and increase of sanatiation cost = increase of the water bill

Page 48: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Towards a new governance ?

�For a source control management :� Stormwater� Micropollutants

�To organize the city planification and its sanitation

Page 49: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Conclusions

�Main stakes :�To be able to keep the Seine river in good status�To adapt the governance of Paris area's

sanitation�To cope with the uncertanities on water

financing policy

Page 50: Water Management in Paris Area Toward sustainable development · 2012. 12. 6. · Successive visions of sanitation Objectives in sanitation has changed 1. 19 th century to mid 20

Thank you for your attention