Water in Singapore

LOCAL CATCHMENT WATERIMPORTED WATER

NEWATERDESALINATED WATER

LOCAL CATCHMENT WATER

• Water is collected through a network of drains, canals, rivers and stormwater collection ponds before it is channelled to Singapore's 17 reservoirs for storage.

• By 2011, the water catchment area has increased from half to two-thirds of Singapore’s land surface with the completion of the Marina, Punggol and Serangoon reservoirs.

•With all the major estuaries already dammed to create reservoirs, PUB aims to harness water from the remaining streams and rivulets near the shoreline using technology that can treat water of varying salinity boosting Singapore’s water catchment area to 90% by 2060.

IMPORTED WATER• Singapore has been importing water from Johor, Malaysia, under two bilateral

agreements.

New Water• New Water is what has been further purified using a 3-step process involving

advanced membrane technologies like Microfiltration, Reverse Osmosis, and the final disinfection of the product water using ultraviolet light.

OUR KEY TARGETS

1 Increase supply of water from non-conventional sources such as desalination and water recycling to meet up to 30% and 50% of our future water needs by 2060.2 Reduce daily per capita domestic water consumption to 147 litres by 2020, and 140 litres by 2030.3 Partner the 3P sectors to generate greater awareness of the importance of conserving, valuing and enjoying water and develop a sense of shared ownership of our water resources.

OUR MAIN PLANS

1 PROVIDING WATER FOR ALL We rely on a few different water sources to help ensure that our supply remains stable at all

times. To improve the sustainability of our water supply, we promote research and development efforts in water and used water technologies. We also ensure that our potable water quality is of high standards.

2 ENCOURAGING WATER CONSERVATION On top of securing supply, we seek to reduce water consumption of both households and non-

domestic sectors. We actively promote the use of water-efficient household fittings and appliances and continue to work with various non-domestic sectors to manage their water demand.

3 EDUCATING ON THE VALUE OF WATERWe encourage the community to improve their water-using habits and educate them on the

implications of living in water catchment areas.

4 ENJOYING OUR WATER RESOURCES Our water resources also provide recreational spaces. Singaporeans are encouraged to take

ownership of them while enjoying these resources.