water for the recovery of the climate - a new water paradigm michal kravcik, juraj kohutiar ngo...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Water for the Recovery of the Climate -
A New Water Paradigm
Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“
Slovakia
Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd August 2008
![Page 2: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
TOPICS OF THIS PRESENTATION
INTRODUCTION
BODY
• Human impact on water cycle
• Water cycle and climate change
• Recovery of the climate
CONCLUSION
![Page 3: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
HUMAN IMPACT
ON WATER CYCLE
![Page 4: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
“On July 22d [1494], he [Columbus] departed for Jamaica…. every afternoon there was a rain squall that lasted for about an hour. The admiral attributes this to the great forests of that land; he knew from experience that formerly this also occurred in the Canary, Madeira, and Azore Islands, but since the removal of forests that once covered those islands they do not have so much mist and rain as before.”
/Christopher Columbus’ biography
by his son Ferdinand/
![Page 5: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
FRESHWATER STOCKS ON EARTH
![Page 6: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
DEFORESTATION & AGRICULTURE
Deforestation / some forms of farming cause:
• increase of runoff (and erosion)
• lower infiltration (groundwater recharge)
• lower evaporation (change of regional climate)
![Page 7: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• natural meanders removed
• adjacent swamps drained
• shortening length increases slope
• acceleration of runoff • lowering land's ability
to retain water
ALTERATION OF RIVERS
![Page 8: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SOIL SEALING IN CITIES
• about 20 billion m3 of rainwater sluiced from municipalities of Europe annually
![Page 9: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PAVEMENT IMPACT
• infiltration decreases (groundwater recharge decreases)
• evaporation decreases (air humidity decreases)
• runoff increases (through sewage to rivers and sea)
Free surface
Paved surface
![Page 10: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Precipitation
(mm/ year)
Volume of water circulating
Runoff (indicator of soil sealing)
Europe 750 7 790 km3 36 %
Slovakia 762 37 km3 34 %
Prešov, SK (City center)
628 12 mil. m3 72 %
Plot of land 630 0,5 mil. m3 37 %
Residential house
630 766 m3 76 %
WATER BALANCE OF THE INVESTIGATED TERRITORY
![Page 11: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
RUNOFF FROM URBANAND FOREST ENVIRONMENTS
Decrease of runoff is overlooked flood prevention measure
![Page 12: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SOIL SEALING DESTROYSSMALL WATER CYCLE(S) ON LAND
![Page 13: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
EARTH – WATER BUDGET
Oceans
Atmosphere
Land Evaporation361 000 km³/year
Precipitation324 000
km³/year
Runoff37 000
km³/year
Precipitation99 000
km³/yearEvaporation
62 000
km³/year
There is more water in „small“ water cycle than in „large“ water cycle!!!
![Page 14: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
WATER CYCLE
AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
![Page 15: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The rain in Spain falls
mainly on the plain... (???)
![Page 16: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The rain in Slovakia fails mainly on the plain...
![Page 17: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
HOT CLIMATIC UMBRELLA OF A CITY
Soil sealing resulting in the lack of evapotranspiration in urban areas is the main reason of “urban heat island” effects.
![Page 18: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Why the rain fails mainly on the plain?
Rising air flows push precipitation away to colder and more humid areas
![Page 19: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
PRECIPITATION TRENDS IN CITY PRESOV
![Page 20: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
PRECIPITATION TRENDS IN SLOVAKIA
![Page 21: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
PRECIPITATION IN MOUNTAINS AND
LOWLANDS – DANUBE WATERSHED
![Page 22: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
RECOVERY
OF THE CLIMATE
![Page 23: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
When fire and water are at war,
it is the fire that loses.
/Spanish Proverb/
![Page 24: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
GROWTH OF EXTREME WEATHER WITH
DECLINE OF SMALL WATER CYCLE
The less water “soil sealing” allows in small water cycle, the more frequent and more severe are extremes of weather
![Page 25: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
DESTRUCTION AND RENEWAL OF SMALL WATER CYCLE
There is a hope of recovery by returning the lost water back to the land.
![Page 26: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
RAINWATER HARVESTING FROM ROOFS IN CITIES
![Page 27: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
WATER CYCLE OF A FAMILY HOUSE
![Page 28: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
RAINWATER HARVESTING ON SLOPES
![Page 29: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
RAINWATER HARVESTING EXAMPLES
![Page 30: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
INFRARED PICTURE OF THE „WATER FOREST“
Li1
20.0
33.0 °C
22
24
26
28
30
32
FLI R Syst ems
°C
2021222324252627282930313233
Label Cursor Min Max
Li1 - 19.7 35.9
![Page 31: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
SUMMARY
![Page 32: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Take care, your worship,
those things over there
are not giants
but windmills...
Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quijote
![Page 33: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Old water paradigm
• protects surface water as the main source and reserve of water
New water paradigm
• protects groundwater and soil water as the main treasure of water
www.waterparadigm.org
![Page 34: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Old water paradigm
• soil sealing has minimal impact on the water cycle
New water paradigm
• soil sealing has a fundamental impact on the water cycle
www.waterparadigm.org
![Page 35: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Old water paradigm
• soil sealing has minimal influence on global warming
New water paradigm
• soil sealing may be important factor in global warming
www.waterparadigm.org
![Page 36: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Old water paradigm
• rainwater is an inconvenience, needs to be quickly removed
New water paradigm
• rainwater is an asset that needs to be retained (especially in soil/plants)
www.waterparadigm.org
![Page 37: Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rd](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649c7d5503460f94932354/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
GRACIAS! THANKS!MERCI! DANKE!
ĎAKUJEM!... ... ...