water and irrigation for food security
TRANSCRIPT
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Water and Irrigation for Food Security
Gao Zhanyi, President of ICID26June, 2012, Adelaide
Distribution of Undernourished Population
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World Food Market Prices
World Population Growth
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Projected Water Scarcity in 2025
Page 5
Water for Food is a highlighted issue in world wide
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Theme of World Water Day : ‘Water and Food Security’Objective: to raise awareness on the relationship between water and food production and promote more sustainable food production and consumption patterns.
FAO Workshop onREVITALIZING IRRIGATION AND AGRICULTURAL WATER
GOVERNANCE IN ASIA
FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
4‐ 5 April 2012
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First Asian Irrigation Forum11‐14 April 2012
RIO+20 UN Conference on Sustainable Development June 12 ‐22, 2012
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Dialogue on Sustainable DevelopmentWater
Selected key measures to solve water problem
1. Secure water by promoting biodiversity, ecosystem and water resources
2. Implement right to water
3. Assert the importance of integrated water, energy and land‐use planning and management at all scales
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Question 1: Brazil Minister of Agriculture: Can we reduce the water used by agriculture from 70 % to 60%?
Answer 1: yes , we have innovation and technology to produce more crop per drop
Answer 2: in Europe agriculture is not the largest water user, the largest water user is industry sector
Question 2: Can technology salve water problems?Answer: Yes, but we need funds to adopt technology, and have
incentives for application of technology, government should provide financial and service supports to farmers, especially smallholder farmers
Dialogues on Water
Question 3: Can we produce enough food?Yes, we need to encourage smallholders farmers from self sufficient
cereal production to commercial production. In order to achieve this it is important to provide support to the smallholder farmers, and let them get reasonable revenue. We need to provide leadership, investment , water supply and other services to farmers. IFAD
– Technology and innovation– Technology transfer– Investment mechanism– Ownership and management mechanism
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Expectation
An increase in cereal production of 70 ‐ 100% in the next 25 ‐ 30 years will be required.
80 ‐ 90% from existing cultivated areahigher yield per ha, double or triple croppinginstallation of irrigation and/or drainage systems in areas without a systemmodernization of existing irrigation and drainage systemsinstallation of drainage in irrigated areasinstallation of irrigation in rainfed areas with drainage
10 ‐ 20% from land reclamation
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Farmland with Different Type of System
no system 1,100 million hairrigation only 210 million hairrigation and drainage 60 million hadrainage 130 million ha
73.0%
14.0%
4.0% 8.7%No-system
Irrigation
Irrigation &Drainage
Drainage
Cereal production from Rainfed and Water Management System
55%
45%
Water Management Rainfed
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14%
3%
1%
1.5%
% of cultivable area
World irrigated area = 299 mhaWorld arable area = 1540 mha
FAO,2011
Key Issues to Irrigation Development
Leadership
Action planNational vision
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Key Issues to Irrigation Development
Innovation & Technology
InvestmentTransfer
Integrated Measures
Infrastructures
Capacity buildingsInstitutional
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Technology Transfer
Istanbul 18 March H.Tardieu
INCREASE IN FARM SIZEFood affordable for urban people
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Technical exchange and cooperation
Historical Irrigation Schemes: Idea and Technology
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Sustainable Development
Economic Issue
Environmental IssueSocial Issue
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0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
Irrigation
Food price index
WB lending
Food
pric
e in
dex
(199
0=10
0)Irr
igat
ion
(mill
ion
hect
ares
)
WB
lend
ing
(199
0 co
nsta
nt p
rice)
1961-1970: 2.1% p.y
1971-1980: 2.2% p.y
1981-1990: 1.6% p.y
1991-2000: 1.2% p.y
2001-2003: 0.1% p.y
Annual growth rate of irrigation (by decade)
Food Price and the World Bank Lending for Irrigation