watch?v=07v5 3fcrzoqhealthoccstudentportal.weebly.com/uploads/8/4/6/3/8463765/... · •be cost/o...
TRANSCRIPT
-
Introduction to Medical Terminology
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07v53fCRzOQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07v53fCRzOQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07v53fCRzOQ
-
__________ Position
-
Body Cavities
• Locate structures or abnormalities by referring to the body cavity
• Two major cavities – Dorsal (posterior),
includes cranial and spinal
– Ventral (anterior), includes thoracic and abdominopelvic
-
Body Cavities
• Locate structures or abnormalities by referring to the body cavity
• Two major cavities – Dorsal (posterior),
includes cranial and spinal
– Ventral (anterior), includes thoracic and abdominopelvic
-
Abdominopelvic Divisions
• Quadrants:
– RUQ
– LUQ
– RLQ
– LLQ
-
Abdominopelvic Divisions
• Regions:
– Left hypo/chondr/iac
– Epi/gastr/ic
– Right Hypo/chondr/iac
– Left Lumbar
– Umbilical
– Right Lumbar
– Left Inguinal (iliac)
– Hypo/gastr/ic
– Right inguinal (iliac)
-
Abdominopelvic Divisions
• Regions:
– Left hypo/chondr/iac
– Epi/gastr/ic
– Right Hypo/chondr/iac
– Left Lumbar
– Umbilical
– Right Lumbar
– Left Inguinal (iliac)
– Hypo/gastr/ic
– Right inguinal (iliac)
-
Terms of Direction
• Animated visual
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHKFFgxxw1M
• In summary
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6FFzGJqWIRc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHKFFgxxw1Mhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHKFFgxxw1Mhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6FFzGJqWIRchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6FFzGJqWIRc
-
Body Movements
• Adduction Inversion
• Abduction Eversion
• Flexion Dorsiflexion
• Extension Plantar Flexion
• Rotation Pronation
• Supination
-
Musculoskeletal System
• Muscle Tissue: contractile cells or fibers
– Provide movement
– Posture, heat, protective, bulk of body
• 3 Types
– Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
-
Skeletal Muscles
• Your Voluntary muscles
• Striated
• Muscles that move your eyeballs, tongue and bones
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Rzi7zYlWno
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Rzi7zYlWnohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Rzi7zYlWno
-
Cardiac Muscle
• Found only in the heart
• Makes up most of the wall of the heart
• Striated
• Involuntary movements
-
Smooth Muscles
• Involuntary or Visceral muscles
• Contraction of smooth muscles is controlled by the autonomic nervous system
• visceral organs, walls
of arteries, respiratory
passages, urinary,
reproductive
-
Muscle Factoids
• You have over 30 facial muscles which create looks like surprise, happiness, sadness, and frowning.
• Eye muscles are the busiest muscles in the body. Scientists estimate they may move more than 100,000 times a day!
• The largest muscle in the body is the gluteus maximus muscle in the buttocks.
-
Selected Muscles
-
Joint Disorders
• Arthritis: Inflammation of a joint
– Pain, swelling, changes in structure
• Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
– Systemic disease, inflammatory changes in joints and their related structures
– Crippling deformities
– Autoimmune reaction
-
Muscular Dystrophy
• Genetic disease characterized by gradual atrophy and weakening of muscle tissue
• Progression affects the
Skeletal & cardiac
• No cure
• Many die before 30
-
Myasthenia Gravis (MG)
• Neuromuscular disorder causes fluctuating weakness of certain skeletal muscle groups
• Progression leads to weakening muscles
-
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
• Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel
-
Contracture
• Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint
-
Hypotonia
• Loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching
-
Sprain
• Tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete
-
Strain
• To exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular
-
Arthrocentesis
• Puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluid
-
Arthroscopy
• Visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures using a thin, flexible fiberoptic scope
-
Exacerbation
• Increase in Severity of a disease or any of its symptoms
-
Abbreviations & Medical Word Elements
• MG Fibr/o • IM ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o • RA -asthenia • ROM -malacia • Arthr/o -scopy • Carp/o a- • Muscul/o, My/o dys- • Chondr/o sub- • Supra- syn-
-
Bones
• Framework of the body
• Protect internal organs
• Movement
-
Short Bones
• Cube shaped
• Ankles, wrists and toes
-
Irregular Bones
• Complex Shape
• Don’t fit in with short or long
• Vertebrae, middle ear
-
Flat Bones
• Broad flat surfaces
• Skull, shoulder blades, sternum
-
Long Bones
• Found in the appendages
• Legs, arms, fingers
-
Divisions of the Skeletal System
• 206 individual bones
• Axial Skeleton
– Provides protection & central support, Skull, Rib cage, vertebral column
• Appendicular Skeleton
– Enable body movement, Consists of the limbs
-
Musculoskeletal Specialty
• Orthopedics: prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders
• Orthopedist: Physician who specializes in the Orthopedics
• Rheumatologist: Physician specialized in treating joint disease
• Doctor of Osteopathy (DO): Medical Doctor who applies proper alignment of bones, muscles, ligaments and nerves to good hlth
-
Fractures
• Closed Fracture: Bone is broke with no external wound
• Open Fracture: Bone is broken with an open external wound
-
Fractures
• Complicated Fracture: Broken bone has injured an internal organ
• Comminuted fracture:
Broken bone is splintered
into pieces
-
Fractures
• Impacted Fracture: Bone is broken and one end is wedged into the interior of another bone
• Colles Fracture: Break at the lower end of the radius, occurring just above the wrist
-
Fractures • Incomplete Fractures: Line of fracture
does not completely transverse the entire bone
• Greenstick Fractures: Break of bone does not extend through the entire thickness of the bone, leaving the unbroken side bent
-
Osteoporosis
• Common metabolic Bone disorder, characterized by decreased bone density
– Bone reabsorption exceeds bone formation
-
Spinal Curvatures
• Scoliosis: C-shaped curvature either to the right or left
-
Spinal Curvatures
• Kyphosis: humback or hunchback, abnormal curvature of the upper portion of the spine
-
Spinal Curvatures
• Lordosis: abnormal inward curvature of a portion of the lower part of the spine
-
Crepitation
• Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction
-
Phantom Limb
• Perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YL_6OMPywnQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YL_6OMPywnQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YL_6OMPywnQ
-
Prosthesis
• Replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity
• http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554
http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554http://video.answers.com/prosthesis-with-a-brain-175529554
-
Rickets
• Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency
-
Talipes Equinovarus
• Congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side, also called clubfoot
-
Reduction
• Procedure that restores a bone to its normal position
– Closed: realigned by manipulation
– Open: realigned by surgery
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gQDebkQEmUE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gQDebkQEmUEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gQDebkQEmUE
-
Casting
• Application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster or other material to a body part to immobilize it during the healing process
-
Splinting
• Application of an orthopedic device to an injured body part for immobilization, stabilization, and protection during the healing process
-
Amputation
• Partial or complete removal of an extremity due to trauma or circulatory disease
-
Laminectomy
• Excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra
– Done to relieve symptoms of a ruptured/slipped disk
-
Brain Break!
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jaW5DtKxFE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jaW5DtKxFEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jaW5DtKxFE
-
Abbreviations & Medical Words
• Fx Brachi/o Vertebr/o • AE Cephal/o Stern/o • AK Cervic/o -clast • BE Cost/o -clasia • BK Crani/o Scoli/o • Kyph/o Dactyl/o Pod/o • Lamin/o Femor/o Oste/o • Lord/o Lumb/o Phalang/o • Myel/o Pelv/I, Pelv/o