waste water - council for development and … · waste water until early nineties, wastewater...

Basic services120 CDR October 2014

Waste Water Until early nineties, wastewaterfacilities were limited to disparatenetworks between one region andanother. Although main cities areequipped with incompletewastewater networks, they are stilllacking treatment plants. As to smalldemographic communities, theyaren’t equipped nor with networksneither with plants. As a result, theissue of water pollution wasexacerbating day after day (randomsea estuaries polluting the sea andbeaches, random sanitationfacilities, ground effluents, andstreams polluting underground waterlayers…) therefore threatening thesanitary environment of citizens.

The insufficiency of wastewaterservices in regions is due to manyreasons, most importantly:1) The insufficient spending in the

sector, in other terms the lack ofinvestments required to improve,construct and develop facilitiesup to an appropriate service andenvironmental level.

2) The absence of a convenientadministrative and executivestructure that couldrespond to theincreasing urgent need forwastewater services andadoptnew management methodsandmodern wastewater disposaltechniques.

To put up with such a difficultreality, the CDR embarked since1992 on the following:

1) To execute urgent rehabilitationof the existing wastewaternetworks and pumping stations,and abate critical upcomingproblems.

2) To complete unfinished projectsthat were stopped involuntarily,and expand and rehabilitatenetworks according to needs.

3) To launch the two programsaimed at protecting the Lebanesecoasts and water resources frompollution.

In other terms, the objective of this

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Basic services 121CDR October 2014

strategy is to radically put an endto the problem of pollution andwastewater disposal throughoutthe country, while the Lebanesegovernment worked and is stillworking on completing andorganizing the public service inthe wastewater sector.

However, completing the work onthe third axe remains the maingoal of CDR for the upcomingstage after works have progressedalong the two other axes.

At the institutional level, thepromulgation of law 221/2000constituted a primordial steptowards the restructuring andmodernization of the sectors ofwater and wastewater; publicwater properties were delimited(ground and underground) andwater management (potable,irrigation, and wastewater) wascompletely vested in four publicindependent investmentinstitutions (except irrigation inSouth Lebanon and West Bekaawhich remained under themanagement and exploitation ofthe Litani River NationalAuthority). Moreover, all waterutilities have been incorporated inthese institutions, under theMinistry of Energy and Water’stutelage.

In 2001, boards of administrationfor water institutions were formed.In 2005, organizational decreesand new structures thereof wereelaborated and enforced in orderto achieve many goals, mainlyrehabilitating and improvingfacility services, extending theircoverage zone, and maintainingthe administrative stability andfinancial balance of institutions.

Achievements between 1992

and 2013

The value of projectsimplemented to date in thewastewater sector reachedUS$ 540* million; the mainprojects are the following:

• Emergency rehabilitation of

wastewater networks (NERP1-

first year):This project coveredthe emergency repair andrehabilitation of wastewaternetworks in all regions ofLebanon, in addition to therehabilitation of two wastewaterpumping stations in Al Mina-Tripoli and Jounieh, and theconstruction of about 1000kilometers of sewage networks.

• Completion of Al Ghadir

wastewater pre-treatment

plant: The construction andequipping of the wastewater pre-treatment plant were completedand the relevant sea outfallrehabilitated at a cost of US$ 10million. Such plant will serve thesouthern part of districts ofBaabda and Aley, the west-southern part of Greater Beirutand the northern parts of the Shoufdistrict. The plant was put intoservice in November 1997.

• Beirut master wastewater

coastal collector project: Thepurpose of this project is to protectthe coast extending from Metn tothe Shouf district. The projectaims to eliminate all existing seaoutfalls along the mentionedcoastal area by collecting andconveying wastewater to the Doraand Ghadir pre-treatment plants.The conveyor line comprises twosections: the northern section andthe southern section.

The northern section, coveringabout 17 km of collection pipe,includes the coastline stretchedfrom Dbayeh along Dora and fromRas Beirut along Dora, in additionto 5 pumping and lifting stations.All works were wrapped up inyear 2000 (costing about US$ 48million). This section has beendesigned to serve 1.5 millionresidents of Dora area by year2015.

The southern section coveringCarlton-Al Ghadir collector line,which is under completion costingabout US$ 14 million, designed toserve the south western part ofBeirut and part of its southernsuburb, as well as part of Baabdadistrict and the Damour-Al Ghadirline, executed and amounting toabout US$ 9.5 million, throughfunding by the Islamic Bank,which is designed to serve a majorpart of Aley district and part ofShouf district (more than 100,000inhabitants), the length of thecollection pipes is of 30 km andthe line has 3 pumping stations.

• Execution of the first phase ofrehabilitation of Beirutinfrastructure, including thewastewater network (sections 1and 2) at a cost of about US$ 25million. The project in all itsphases aims mainly atconstructing a new rainwaterdrainage network separated fromthe wastewater network.

• Execution of the second phase ofthe infrastructure, among whichthe wastewater network of Beirutcity, through funding from theIslamic Bank for Development,amounting to about US$ 38.5million; and the execution of firstworks of phase two in Ashrafieh

Basic services122

and Rmeil regions, amounting toabout US$ 10 million, funded bythe Arab Fund for Economic andSocial Development.

• Completion of the pre-treatmentplant in Saida at a cost of aboutUS$ 21 million funded by JapanBank for InternationalCooperation (JIBC) and executionof the first phase of therehabilitation of wastewaternetworks in Saida and its suburbsby rehabilitating the existingnetwork and constructing a newnetwork for wastewatertransmission to the new treatmentplant, as well as phase 2 ofwastewater collection network inthe coastal caza of Saida,amounting to about US$22million, funded by Japan Bank forInternational Cooperation (JIBC)as a preparatory step forconnecting it with the linesleading to the finished treatmentplant.

• Completion of works in theconstruction of Tripoli forwastewater treatment, at a cost of92 million euros, in addition to therelevant sea outfall at a cost of6 million euros, funded by theEuropean Investment Bank (EIB).The project covers Tripoli coastalarea, Al Qalamun, some parts ofKoura and Zgharta districts, inaddition to the coastal areas ofBeddawi, DeirAamar and ElMinyeh.

• Completion of the worksmentioned within the Lebanese-French Protocol Agreement forwaste water treatment plants at acost of about 56 million euros, theworks include the construction ofwaste water treatment plants andsea outfalls (for the coastal plants)

in the following regions: Shoufcoastal area (Ras enNabi Younes),Nabatiyeh area (Sharqiyeh),Chekka area, Batroun (ongoingimplementation of the sea outfall)and Jbeil. The first plant isdesigned to serve a big number ofvillages and cities of the coastalarea of Iqlim el Kharoub; the 2ndserves the town of Nabatiyeh andneighboring villages, the third andfourth plants serve the coastaltowns and villages of Batroundistrict, whereas the fifth servesthe coastal area in Jbeil district.

• Completion of wastewaternetworks installation works in thevillages of the Union of SoueijaniMunicipalities in Chouf, at a costof around US$ 5,75 million,funded locally.

• Completion of a wastewatertreatment plant in Baalback (Iaat)at a cost of aroundUS$ 6.35million funded by the IBRD toserve the city of Baalback andseveral neighboring villages.

• Completion of the project aimedat installing sewage pipes and

additional drinking waterdistribution lines in Khodor,Khraibeh, Nabi Shit andBaalback, at a cost of around US$5,3 million through a World bankfunding.

• Implementation of a pilot projectfor wastewater treatment inBcharre in North-Lebanon,through the adoption of bamboofiltering technique, at a cost ofaround US$ 700.000, funded bythe French Development Agency.

• Maintenance and upgrading ofwastewater and storm waternetworks in the main cities:Starting in 1997 pursuant to thedecision of the cabinet, workscovered periodical maintenance,repair of wastewater and rainwaterpiping utilities in the main cities,in addition to limiting theoverflows and preventingproblems emanating frombreakdowns in the existingdrainage networks. The worksincluded cleaning wastewater andrainwater piping networks, inaddition to installing piping andother necessary works required for

CDR October 2014

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Basic services 123

improving the efficiency of thesenetworks. The project coveredGreater Beirut with its southernand northern suburbs, Tripoli,Zahle, Jounieh, Saida, Sour,Nabatieh and their suburbs. Thisproject was implemented incoordination with the Ministry ofInterior and Municipalities.

Progress of ongoing projects:

• Protection of the coast against

pollution: Lebanon signed severalconventions to protect theMediterranean waters againstpollution, the most importantbeing the Barcelona Convention.The agreements stressed on thenecessity of treating wastewaterbefore discharged to the sea incities and towns with populationsexceeding 100,000. Accordingly,several projects have beenprepared for the construction ofwastewater collector networks andtreatment plants in the coastalareas of Lebanon. Until now,execution of treatment plants havebeen carried out with their relatedcollector networks as previouslydescribed and currently works arebeing carried out in:

• Beirut coastal area- southern

section of the main wastewater

collector, Carlton-Al Ghadirsection: This project covers theconstruction of two wastewaterpumping stations and theinstallation of 9 kilometers ofwastewater sewer lines serving apopulation of 750,000, theexecution amounts to US$ 15million. The Islamic DevelopmentBank (IDB) financed the Carlton-Al Ghadir collector. Installation ofthe collector lines is complete andworks on connecting electricity tothe pumping and lifting stations

are progressing in order to put itinto service.

• Installation of main wastewaterlines and sewer networks inmountainous villages of Aley andBaabda located within the waterbasin of the Ghadir waste watertreatment plant, of a value ofaround US$ 15, funded by theGovernment of Germany. 50% ofthe work has been completed.

• Installation of wastewaternetworks totalling US$ 15.4million and a wastewatertreatment plant for the coastal areaof Sour and the associated seaoutfall, totaling EUR 41 million,funded by the EuropeanInvestment Bank. The plant isintended to serve around 300,000persons and 50% of the work hasbeen completed to date.

• Installation of wastewaternetworks and pumping stations invillages in Chekka region, totalingaround US$ 19 million, funded byAFD, 60% of the work has beencompleted to date.

• Installation of wastewaternetworks and pumping stations invillages in Batroun region,amounting to around US$ 17.50million, funded by AFD, 70% ofthe work has been completed todate.

• Installation of wastewaternetworks and pumping stations forvillages in Koura region – phase 1of project, amounting to aroundUS$ 8 million, funded byAFD.80% of the work has beencompleted to date.

• The CDR also launched a projectfor drinking water and wastewaternetworks in Jbeil coastal area,

through a EUR 38 million grant,funded by the Government ofItaly, of which EUR 19 million arededicated to wastewater, 5% ofthe work has been completed todate.

• Southern coastal part of theproject on wastewater linecollector of Tripoli coastal region,serving regions and parts ofKoura, Qalamoun, Bohsas andTripoli, through the EuropeanBank for Investment, of a totalvalue of US$ 13.35 million, 85%of the work has been completed todate.

• The northern coastal part of theproject on main wastewater linecollector of Tripoli coastal(Bared-Beddaoui section) including themain collector line, lifting stationsand main, secondary and subnetworks, servicing more than100,000 people, through a grantby the German governmenttotaling EUR 12 million; Theproject is managed and executedby the donor, in coordination withthe CDR.

• Installation of wastewaternetworks and pumping stations invillages Chouf villages,amounting to about US$ 12.8million, funded by the Arab Fundfor Economic and SocialDevelopment. 75% the work hasbeen completed to date.

• Protection of water sourcesagainst pollution:A study wasconductedin 1994 to update theinstructional plan of thewastewater sector elaborated in1982. This study defined waterbasins and priority areas forconstruction of new wastewatertreatment plants to protect waterresources against pollution. For

CDR October 2014

124 CDR October 2014Basic services

such purpose, appropriatefinancing was secured to constructcollector lines and treatmentplants in main inland cities(Zahleh, Baalbeck, Nabatieh, andothers); and also in villages/townsclose to water sources and springs(Labweh, Qaraoun Lake, Anjar,Hermel, Mechmech, Becharre,Bakhoun, Chabaa, Jbaa, Hasbaya,Chakra, Hrajel and Kartaba).

• The Construction of theBaalback wastewater treatmentplant, financed by the WorldBank, was completed in thesummer of the year 2000; inaddition the execution of works onwastewater collection andpurification in JebbJannine,Saghbine regions and neighboringvillages are being carried out,amounting to about US$ 39million, funded by the IslamicBank for Development.

• The execution of works for thewastewater treatment plant inZahle are still ongoing. The projectcost is estimated at around US$

26.7 million, funded by the ItalianProtocol (about 65% of the workhas been completed); Also workscontinue to construct twopurification stations and installwastewater networksand pumpingstationsinBarouk, Freidis,AinZhalta, Nabaa elSafa,AlAazouniye and Ain Dara, atan estimated cost of US$ 20million, through a fund by the ArabFund for Economic and SocialDevelopment (45% completion).

• In south Lebanon, workscontinue to construct 3 treatmentstations and their associatedwastewater discharge networks inYohmor, Kfar Sir and Zoutor, atestimated value of around US$12,50 million, funded by theEuropean Commission. 70% ofthe work has been completed.

Main contracts signed during2013

• Installation of main wastewaterlines and sewer networks in anumber of mountainous villages

of Aley and Baabda located within

the water basin of the Ghadir

wastewater treatment plant, of a

value of around US$ 15, funded

by the Government of Germany.

• The CDR also launched a project

for drinking water and wastewater

networks in Jbeil coastal area,

through a EUR 38 million grant,

funded by the Government of

Italy, of which EUR 19 million are

dedicated to wastewater. 5% of the

work has been completed to date

Main Projects underPreparation (2014 - 2016)

• Protection of the coastline

against pollution:The Ministry of

Energy and Water conducted a

comprehensive study for the

district of Akkar recommending

the elaboration of a general

instructional plan for wastewater

collection and treatment,

including the construction of

networks and plants for such

purpose along the Abdeh coast. In

Waste water treatment plant - Nabatieh Waste water treatment plant - Tyre

125CDR October 2014 Basic services

126 CDR October 2014Basic services

implementation of such project,

CDR obtained a loan from the

Arab Fund to execute this project,

and tendersare being released.

CDR obtained the necessary

funding amounting to EUR 70

million to build two wastewater

treatment stations on the

Keserouan coast from the

European Investment Bank, and

another funding of EUR 70

million from the French Agency

for Development to execute the

associated networks. The CDR is

updating studies and elaborating

tender documents relating to this

project.

Also CDR is currently preparing

to launch the project for

wastewater treatment in Qarantina

and Dora (northern Beirut) and

their associated networks after

securing funding through the

European Bank for Investment at

an estimated cost of EUR 60

million.

- The feasibility study for the

extension of Al Ghadirwastewater pre-treatment plant(south Beirut) is being updated.CDR is contacting severalfunding sources to cover thecosts of phase I works, estimatedat US$ 115 million, throughnegotiations held with severaldonors (European Bank forInvestment and others)

- On the other hand, CDRobtained funding from AFESDamounting toaround US$ 85million and is seeking additionalfunding of US$ 100 million, tofinance water wastewaterprojects in a number of Lebaneseregions, e.g Akkar coastal area,where the cost of wastewatercollection and treatment isestimatedat around US$ 40million. Preparations areunderway to release the firstassociated call for tenders.

• Protection of water sourcesagainst pollution:The Ministry ofEnergy and Waterand CDR haveidentified around 20 wastewater

projects near to water sources(springs, rivers, lakes, etc.) ininland Lebanese areas. Detailedstudies are completed for many ofthe projects that mostly fall withinthe framework of on-goingfinancing agreements (ItalianProtocol, IDB and AFESD).Special focusis directed towardsthe western Bekaa area, QaraounLake and the Litani River, wherethe high level of water pollutionrequires urgent intervention toinstall wastewater collection andtreatment facilities.

The CDR also raised funds toconduct studies of and implementthe wastewater project in theupper basin of the Litani Riverestimated at around US$ 10million through a loan agreementsigned with the Arab Fund forEconomic and SocialDevelopment (AFESD); sameapplied to Shebaa and neighboringareas (US$ 6 million), Becharreregion where wastewater networkscosts are estimated at around US$8 million as well as As Safa and

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127CDR October 2014 Basic services

Barouk areas (US$ 13 million)where works have been launched.The CDR is also seeking anadditional grant of US$ 100million to fill the financial gap andcomplete the implementation ofthese projects.

The CDR also obtained a EUR 6million loan and signed twootherUS$ 14 million loanagreements with KFW toimplement the project ofprotection of Jeita spring againstpollution, whose cost is estimated

at around US$ 38 million. Therelated studies are underway. Theproject is divided into three phasesaiming at collecting and treatingwastewater generated from citiesand villages falling within thewater basin of Daraya, Kleiat,Bekaata, Bkaatouta, Kfardebianand neighboring cities inKeserwan district.

The CDR continues to conduct thenecessary studiesas a preparatoryphase for the lauch of 2 projects ofwastewater collection and

treatment in Mechmech – Akkar

and Hrajel – Keserwan, estimated

at around US$ 55 million, funded

by the Italian Protocol.

Furthermore, the CDR received a

loantotalling US$ 46 million from

the Kuwait Fund for Arab

Economic Development to

execute the collection and

treatment of wastewater in

numerous neighboring villages in

Marjeyoun and BintJbeil in

theNabatiyehMohafazat.

Schedule of main contracts signed in the wastewater sector during 2013

Estimated value

US$

Project Source of Funding

Execution of the additionalsection of Tripoli southerncoastline for waste watercollection and drainage

3,65 European Bank July 2013 August 2015

Installation ofadditional wastewaternetworks in Chekka

11,17 French DevelopmentAgency + Local

funding

April 2013 April 2015

Installation ofadditional wastewaternetworks in Batroun

9,03

French DevelopmentAgency + Local

funding

April 2013 October 2014

Installation of mainwastewater lines andwastewater networksin Ghadir Basin

14,28

German Agency June 2013 May 2014

Installation ofadditional wastewaternetworks in Choufcoastal area

2,90

Arab Fund + Localfunding

March 2013 May 2014

Installation ofadditional wastewaternetwork in Sourcoastal area

8,88 European Bank +Local funding

April 2013 February 2014

Installation ofadditional wastewaternetwork in Barouk andSafa

5,35 Arab Fund + Localfunding

August 2103 July 2014

Construction ofwastewater treatmentstation in Safa

4,365 Arab Fund + Localfunding

August 2103 September 2015

Expected

completion

Starting

Basic services128 CDR October 2014

Schedule of main projects under preparation in the wastewater sector (2014-2016)

Estimated value

US$


Installation of Akkar coastcollector networks andpurification stations

Program of Protection of the Lebanese Coast against pollution

Program of Protection of water sources against pollution

26 AFESD + LocalFunding

September 2014 November 2017

Construction of secondarywastewater networks andconnectors in Kouracoastal area

3 Local Funding September 2014 September 2015

Expected

completion

Starting

Construction ofwastewater networks andconnectors in Kouracoastal area – Phases 1 and2

21.5 Local Funding September 2015 September 2018

Installation of colletctionnetworks and twopurification stations inKesserwan coastal area

205 EIB December 2015 December 2018

Execution of collectionnetworks and pre-treatment stations in NahrBeirut Basin

85 EIB May 2054 May 2018

Sea outfalls associatedwith the treatment stationof Sour coastline

12.5 EIB June 2014 May 2015

Execution of collectionnetworks and purificationstations in Mechmech inAkkar

31 Italian Protocol December 2014 December 2017

Construction of collectionnetworks and purificationstation in Bakhun-Denniyeh


Construction of collectionnetworks and purificationstation in Bcharre

8 AFESD + Localfunding

September 2014 September 2016

Construction of collectionnetworks and purificationstation in Hrajel-Keserwan


Construction of collectionnetworks and purificationstation in Jeita-Keserwan(Sections 1, 2 and 3)

28 German Agency KFW +

Local Funding

December 2015 December 2017

Basic services 129CDR October 2014

Schedule of main projects under preparation in the wastewater sector (2014-2016) (Continue)

Estimated value

US$


Construction of treatmentplant and wastewaternetworks in BintJbeil andneighboring areas


Expected

completion

Starting

Construction of treatmentplant and wastewaternetworks in Hasbaya andneighboring areas


Construction of treatmentplant and wastewaternetworks in Arqub

30 Arab Fund + LocalFunding

September 2016 July 2019

Construction of treatmentplant and wastewaternetworks in Jbaa andneighboring areas inNbatiyeh


Construction of treatmentplant and collectionnetworks in Hermel andneighboring areas


Construction of treatmentplant and wastewaternetworks in central andnorthern Bekaa in theLitani basin

30 AFESD + LocalFunding

October 2015 December 2018

Construction of treatmentplant and wastewaternetworks in Anjar,MajdalAnjar, Bar Elias,Mraijet, Marj, Chtoura andneighboring areas

41

Italian Protocol December 2015 December 2018

Wastewater collection andtreatment in numerousneighboring municipalitiesofMarjeyounandBintJbeildistricts in Nabatiyeh

58

Kuwait Fund March 2015 December 2018

Construction of treatmentplant and wastewaternetworks in Rachayya andneighboring areas

30

Kuwait Fund May 2016 December 2019

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