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Waste to Energy
Waste to Energy
1Waste to EnergyPOSCO ENERGY
Necessity and Expected effects
of Waste to Energy Business
Various Waste to Energy Business
at POSCO ENERGY
OverviewNo waste should be wasted any more. Waste is a valuable source of energy
POSCO ENERGY is reducing GHG(Greenhouse Gas) emissions by converting waste and
sewage heat into energy sources to replace fossil energy. We believes that ‘saving the earth’ is
no different from its mission, ‘Make a brighter world by providing cleaner energy’
POSCO ENERGY makes contribution to low carbon green growth by promoting
RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) project and Business using sewage heat.
Background Waste Treatment & Power Generation Facility
Energy · Global warming · Species loss
The Environment · Energy supply-demand imbalance
· Competition over energy procurement
The Economy · The increase of natural disasters
· Increase in environmental refugees
Crisis of humanity
Expected effects Business Using Sewage Heat for District Heating · Securing of
eco-friendly energy sources (RDF, Sewage heat, etc.)
· Reduction of GHG emissions
· Substitution for LNG and crude oilWaste to energy
Municipal Waste
Discharged effluent
MBT
Sewage Heat Recovery
Energy facility
District Heating Substation
Korea Power Exchange
Customers
2 3POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy
Waste Treatment &
Power Generation Facility
RDF
(Refuse Derived Fuel)
Creating Energy and Reducing Environment Pollution
municipal waste used to be incinerated or buried. POSCO ENERGY separates and selected
only the inflammable waste and use it as fuel to produce electricity at designed boilers. The
heat generated through this process is supplied to district heating substations and various
industrial facilities.
POSCO ENERGY is also promoting the joint R&D activities with specialized research institutes
and expanding the relevant businesses at home and abroad.
03Manufacturing Process of RDF
Preparation for sorting
Sorting of organic matters, glass, etc.
Removal of nonflammables and high moisture material
Removal of substances(PVC, etc.) generating dioxin
Screening of recyclable material(iron, aluminum, etc.)
Being crushed to the size that efficient combustion is posible
MSW Refuse Shredder
Municipal Waste
Customers
Selection Process
Electricity
RDF
Power Generation
02Fluff RDF
Instead of Pellet RDF, fluff RDF is crushed into pieces ranging
between 120 and 150mm. It is an environmentally-friendlier
fuel than pelletized RDF because no fossil fuel (LNG or
diesel) must be burned during processing. This is also an
outstanding method in terms of resource recycling.
• RDF that has not been formed into pellets
01Pellet RDF
Pelletized RDF is produced by segregating inflammable
organic waste material from Municipal waste, and then drying
it to increase its calorific value before forming it into pellets
ranging from 10 to 100mm in size. Such pelletized fuel is used
mainly in Japan.
• RFD that has been formed into pellets
Particle Screening
Gravity Separation
Near-Infrared
Screening
Magnetic Separation
Secondary Crushing
RefuseDerived
Fuel
4 5POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy
Busan Waste Treatment &
Power Generation Facility
Project summary Project StructureThe Busan Waste Treatment & Power Generation Facility, the nation’s first RDF Power
Generation Facility, began construction in October 2010, is now under operation.
Approximately 30% of municipal waste in Busan is delivered to and sorted here. Busan E&E,
a partner of POSCO ENERGY, is in charge of operating. The facility will produce electricity for
40,000 households per year
Expected Effects· LNG Substitution : 70 million Nm³/year
· CO2 Reduction : 174 thousand tCO2/year
· Location
· Completion
· Project type
· Facility Capacity
Saenggok-dong, Ganseo-gu, Busan
October 2013
BTO (Build Transfer Operate)
· Waste Treatment Capacity : 900 tons/day (Production of Fluff RDF)
· Power Generation Capacity : 25MW
Project Operator- Busan E&E
Repayment
Loan
Dividend
Capital Investment
Disposal Cost of Municipal wastes
Donation
Payment
Power Sales
Korea Power Exchange
Construction Contract
- POSCO E&E and 2 others
Competent Authority- Busan
Banks
Investor- POSCO 70%
- TAEYOUNG E&C 30%
6 7POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy
Wheel CraneRefuse Shredder
Trommel screen
Trommel screen
Combustible Dryer
Magnetic Separation Eddy current Separator
Magnetic Separation Eddy current Separator
Ferrous metal
Non-ferrous metal
Wind Force Seperator
Wind Force Seperator
Light articles Heavy articles
Heavy articles
Heavy articles
Light articles
Light articles
Heavy articles
Paper, Plastics
Vibrating Feeder
Screening by hands
Diaper, etc.
Landfill
Optical Sorting Machine for light articles
Wind Force Separator for light articles
Waste wood Crusher Waste wood Magnetic Separation
Flip flop Screen
Vibrating Feeder Optical Sorting Machine Ne
Over 200mm
Under 80mm
80~200mm
80~200mm
Over 200mm
Wheel CraneRefuse Shredder
Carrying in
Carrying in
Fe
Fe
Wind Force Separator for light articles
Combustible Crusher
Combustible Crusher
Flip flop Screen
20~80 mm Light articles
Process Distribution Diagram
(Fuelization Facility)
RDF Storage
8 9POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy
SCR
By-PassLine
SAH HVAC
130。C
Carrying in
Legend
Fuel
Steam
Bottom Ash
Other
Process Distribution Diagram
(Power Generation Facilities)
RDF Input Hopper
Positive Blower
Air Preheater
Burner
Urea solution Carrying in
Urea solution Storage
Urea solution Supply Tank
Heat Recovery Boiler
Cyclone
Cyclone
Economizer
Sodium bicarbonate
Storage
Sodium bicarbonate
Crusher
Fuel Supply Ventilator
Bag Filter
Induced Draft Fan
SteamGasHeater
Liquor ammonia Storage Tank
Tank Lorry
Chimney
Boiler Superheater
Boiler Feed water Pump
Steam Gas Heater
Fly ash Storage
DeaeratorCondensate water Pump
Steam turbineSteam Header
Condensate water Tank
Air-cooledCondenser
Extraction Steam
Boiler drum
Fuel Storage Storage
Boiler ash Storage
Boiler ash Storage
Boiler ash Transportation
system
Funace with Circulating
Fluidized Bed
Air Preheater
MetalSeparator
Separated Bottom Ash Container
Sorting Bottom Ash Storage
Carrying out Carrying out
Fluid Sand
Carrying in
Fluid Sand Storage
Bottom Ash Storage
BoostingBlower
Fuel Storage
Tank
Funace with Circulating Fluidized Bed
10 11POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy
Pohang Waste Treatment &
Power Generation Facility
The company was selected as a priority negotiator in March 2011 and is currently in
negotiations with the government, with a plan for construction to start in 2013 and end in 2016.Project summary
· Location
· Project leader selection
· Project type
· Facility Capacity
39-3 Ho-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, N. Gyeongsang Province
August 2013
BTO (Build Transfer Operate)
· Waste Treatment Capacity : 500 tons/day (Production of Fluff RDF)
· Power Generation Capacity : 12MW
Expected Effects· LNG Substitution : 34million Nm³/year
· CO2 Reduction : 84 thousand tCO2/year
Project Operator- Pohang E&E
Repayment
Loan
Dividend
Capital Investment
Disposal Cost of Municipal wastes
Donation
Payment
Power Sales
Korea Power Exchange
Construction Contract
Competent Authority- Pohang
BanksInvestor
- POSCO 70%- POSCO E&C 30%
Project Structure
12 13POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy
Business Using Sewage Heat
14 15POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy
Business Using Sewage Heat
for District Heating
Overview
· Principles of Heat Pump Operation
Producing Heat energy (100%) using electrical energy(20~30%) and sewage Heat
Energy(70~80%)
· Heat Pump The heat pump utilizes the vaporization or condensation heat of a coolant to move heat from a low-temperature source to a high-temperature source (or vice-versa). Waste heat sources and low-cost heat sources are used to make this system practical.
Domestic sewage is discharged with the temperature into the river. POSCO ENERGY recovers
such wasted heat energy by using a heat pump for district heating.
20~30%(Electrical Energy)
70~80%(Sewage Heat Energy)
100%(Heat Supply)
Equity (50%)
Offering Land/Sewage (Enforcement Agreement)
Heat Supply(Heat supplying Contract)
Own the facility(After project)
Heating Cost
EPC ContractEPCContractor
Lender&(5%)
(95%) Debt (50%)
Project Structure
Tancheon E&E (SPC)Producing /
Supplying Sewage Heat
16 17POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy
Sewage Heat Recovery Process
The domestic sewage discharged from the southeast of the metropolitan area is treated
at the Tancheon Water Reuse Center before being discharged into the Han River through
Tancheon. The amount of daily discharge after treatment stands at 1.1million Nm3 at the
average temperature during winter of 12℃. POSCO ENERGY recovers such wasted heat
energy by using a heat pump fordistrict heating, which has the same effect as substituting
19million Nm3 of LNG, per year. The use of wasted energy instead of fossil fuel can contribute
to reducing the annual GHG emissions by 44,000tons
Sewage flow Thermal flow inside heat pump District Heating Water Flow
Electric Power Supply
Was
tew
ater
Effl
uent
s(7 ℃
)
110℃
70℃
55℃
Was
tew
ater
Effl
uent
s(12
℃)
RiverHouse
Complex
Sewage Treatment Plant District Heating
Substation
05 Expansion Valve
03 Compressor
Heat Adsorption
Thermal Emission
02 HeatExchanger(Evaporator)
01
Refrigerant · Low temp : 7℃· Low pressure : 6kg/cm2
· State: Liquid · Gas
Refrigerant · Low temp : 70℃· Low pressure : 20kg/cm2
· State: Liquid
Refrigerant · Low temp : 80℃· Low pressure : 20kg/cm2
· State: Gas
Refrigerant · Low temp : 12℃· Low pressure : 6kg/cm2
· State: Gas
04 Heat Exchanger (Condenser)
Compressor
Tancheon Water Reuse Center Using
Sewage Heat for Distric Heating
Project summary
Expected benefits· LNG consumption reduction : 19 million Nm3/yr
· CO2 emission reduction : 44,000t/yr
· Location
· Scheduled completion
· Capacity
Tancheon Sewage Treatment Plant
2014
200,000Gcal/year
Domestic Sewage
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