By Okeke Chizoba

Gideon Gideon Presentation

TRASH TO TREASURE THROUGH

A SYSTEMIC APPROACH OF THE 4RS

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WASTE: According to Environmental Protection Act Waste includes any scrap material, effluent or unwanted surplus substance or article that requires disposal because it is broken, worn out, contaminated or otherwise spoiled. Wastes are ‘those substances or objects which fall out of the commercial cycle or chain of utility’.

KINDS OF WASTESSolid wastes: wastes in solid forms, domestic, commercial and industrial wastes

Examples: plastics , bottles, cans, papers, scrap iron, and other trashLiquid Wastes: wastes in liquid form Examples: domestic washings, chemicals,

oils, waste water from ponds, manufacturing industries and other sources.Bio-degradable :can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and others)Non-biodegradable :cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old machines, cans,

Styrofoam containers and others)Hazardous wastes: Substances unsafe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally, or economically and have any of the following properties- ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity & toxicity.Non-hazardous : Substances safe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally, or economically and do not have any of those properties mentioned above. These substances usually create disposal problems.

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COMPOSITION OF WASTE

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SOLID WASTE IN INDIA• 7.2 million tonnes of hazardous waste• One Sq km of additional landfill area every-year• Rs 1600 crore for treatment & disposal of these wastes• In addition to this industries discharge about 150 million tonnes of

high volume low hazard waste every year, which is mostly dumped on open low lying land areas.

GROWTH OF SOLID WASTE IN INDIA• Waste is growing by leaps & bounds• In 2008 it is reported increase at 60 – 70 %.• Current MSW generation has reached 1.3 kg/person/day• In 1981-91, population of Mumbai increased from 8.2 million to

12.3 million• During the same period, municipal solid waste has grown from 3200

tonnes to 5355 tonne, an increase of 67%• City like Bangalore produces 3000 tonnes of waste per annum.• Waste collection is very low for all Indian cities.

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GENERATION FROM THE METROPOLITANS OF INDIA

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EFFECTS OF WASTE

Affects our health

Affects our socio-economic conditions

Affects our coastal and marine environment

Affects our climate

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BENEFITS• Saves natural resources.• Reduces toxicity of waste.• Reduce cost.• Helps sustain the environment for future generations.• New uses for waste/by-product streams.• Reduced environmental impacts.• Disposal costs of hazardous material.• Positive flow of income for producers and users of waste

products.• Potential for new products.• The resulting collaborative network creates new revenues, cost

savings, energy conservation, reductions in waste and pollution, including climate-changing emissions.

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Garbage Operat ion Flow Chart

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REDUCE

REUSE

RECYCLING

Reduction ofenergy consumption

Increase theamount ofcarbon stored in soil

Reduction of waste Reduction of necessary production volume Change to production process Alternative energy Reduction of waste for landfill

Return to the environment

Reduction of fuel oil used for incineration

Reduction of fossil fuel consumption

Reduction of methane generated at landfill sites

Redu

ction

of G

HG e

mis

sion

RECOVERY OF

ENERGY

Synchrony of the 4Rs

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CASE STUDY I

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CASE STUDY3

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SUGGESTION Improve product design to use less materials.Redesign packaging to eliminate excess material while

maintaining strength. Work with customers to design and implement a packaging return program.

Develop an office recycling procedures . Train employees on recycling practices prior to

implementing recycling programs. Conduct an ongoing training process as new technologies

are introduced. Reuse ,donate or exchange old books, old clothes, old

computers, excess building materials, old equipment to local organizations.

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continuation Reuse corrugated moving boxes internally. Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as interoffice

envelopes, file folders, and paper. Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins, dishes, cups,

and glasses. Use incoming packaging materials for outgoing

shipments. Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather

than purchase new ones.

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Thank You…