waste disposal system in dhaka city (prepared by muhaiminul islam sadi (northsouth university)

8/11/2019 Waste Disposal System in Dhaka City (Prepared by Muhaiminul Islam Sadi (Northsouth University)

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Waste disposal system in

Dhaka

Each day Dhaka city is

producing over 3000 tons ofhousehold waste. On the

other hand Dhaka City

Corporation collects almost

less than half of it. The rest

remains on roadsides, open

areas. So, most of the urbanbodies are finding it very

difficult to keep pace with the

demand for adequate solid

waste management. It will

become very difficult to find

sites to bury the waste as thecity expands, and transport

costs to transfer the waste

will increase. The volume of

waste needs to be reduced to

a sustainable level.


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This need have also provided a

window of opportunity for cities

to find solutions. -

1. Involving the community and

the private sector.

2. Involving innovate

technologies and disposal

methods.

3. Involving behavior changes &

awareness


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Waste CollectionAs per traditional method of waste

collections Rickshaw vans are

modified to collect waste from

each house., and city corporation

has their own vehicles for

collecting wastes


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Solid waste means

BrickWood

Metal and Glass

Polythene

Shredded Skin and Leather

Paper

Cloth

Hospital WasteFood waste

Industrial Waste

Other Waste


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THE STATE OF ART OF SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT IN DHAKA CITY

*The waste generation for this area is

estimated to be around 3000 to 4000 tonesevery day. Of this quantity 40-50 percent is

collected efficiently and the rest is left.

*The solid waste of Dhaka generally has a

high organic content (60% to 70%) and a

low proportion of combustible matter.


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In a report on solid waste management in Asia,

the data showed that, in Dhaka, only about 42%

of generated waste is collected and dumped at

landfill sites, and the rest are left uncollected. As

much as 400 tons are dumped on the roadside

and in open space. As such, these improperlydisposed waste poses serious health implications

to the people where it may have the potential of

transmitting diseases. ("Bhuiya. G. M. J. A (2007).

1. Bangladesh. Solid Waste Management: Issuesand Challenges in Asia, pg 28-32)
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Impact of Solid Waste Disposal on Environment

Open air dumping creates unhygienic and poses enormousthreat to the people.

Causes aesthetic problem and nuisance due to nauseatingpungent odor.

Promotes spreading of diseases.

The situation further aggravated by the indiscriminate

disposal of Hospital and Clinical Waste. Presence of extremely high level of Total and Facialcoliform.

Pollute water bodies.

Carbon dioxide and Methane produced from solid wasteare extremely harmful to the environment.

Gases are produced in the landfills through aerobic andanaerobic decomposition of organic compounds, which arethreat to the environment.


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Evolution of Solid Waste Collection Method

&

Technique

Year System of Collection

*1717 Manual night soil collection system

1864 Night soil collection by bullock cart by

Dhaka Municipality

*1963 Liquid waste collection by DWASA &

Dhaka Municipality side by side

*1982 Bullock cart system suspended, night

soil collection replaced by Septic tank,

introduction of open truck for solid waste

collection by Dhaka Municipality.

*1989 Introduction of night time waste

collection instead of day time collection.

*1993 Demountable container introduced

along with closed and open truck.

*2002 Open truck replaced by covered truck.


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Sold Waste management by DCC :

DCC sweeps roads & drains daily.

Accumulate wastes from roadside.

Cleaners collect & transfer to thenearest dustbin/container.

DCCs truck dump to the dumping

depots.

Dressing by bulldozers, tire dozers, pay

loaders & excavators


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Final Disposal of Solid WasteDCC disposes solid wastes adopting crude dumping methods, and thereby, creates

environmental hazards and health risks. The dumped solid wastes are dressed

irregularly by payloaders, excavator, tyre dozer, chain dozer etc. According to DCC(1999), six dumping sites have already been abandoned after filling to their capacities.

These sites are: (1) Kulsi, (2) Chalkbari-Mirpur, (3) Gabtoli-Mirpur, (4) Lalbagh Shosan

Ghat, (5) Mugdapara and (6) Jatrabari.In 1999, major portion of solid wastes (88%)

were dumped at Matuail site. Wastes disposed at the other two- Lalbagh site (11%)

and Mirpur site (1%) were insignificant. But at present almost all the wastes go to

Matuail, and others are used when Matuail site is inaccessible due to rain or damageof driveways, repairing and maintenance of unloading platforms. Matuail landfill

covers about 52 acres of low-lying agricultural land acquired by DCC in 1986 (Yousuf

1996). Out of this, 13 acres have been developed for parking/platform and the rest 39

acres is used for landfilling. It is being used for dumping of solid waste since 1993.

Earth dyke for isolation encloses the dumpsite. According to DCC estimates, the

existing sites would be filled up shortly and DCC would have to arrange for newdumping sites for waste disposal. Accordingly, DCC selected three new sites for

dumping of solid wastes located at Matuail, Boliarpur and Gazipur (Sarmin 2000).

However, little advancement has been made up to now in this respect. In the mean

time DCC is planning to construct roads on the earth dykes of Matuail and then dump

waste from those roads into the still vacant land (about 20%) within the site near the

dykes


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Recycling and Composting

*Approximately 1,20,000 people are involved with the recycling occupation in Dhaka

city.

*Almost 15 percent (i.e., more than 467.65 tons) inorganic fraction of the waste isrecycled in Dhaka city (Sinha, 1993)

*Waste pickers mostly women, children of slums popularly known as Tokai, collect

waste of low market values from waste bins. These items include broken glass, tin cans

cardboard, waste papers, rags, plastics, metals and miscellaneous commercial waste

discarded by households.

*Although Tokais extract most of the readily available material from the waste stream,still there remains considerable value in what they leave behind. This value lies in the

organic portion of the solid waste, which constitute about 70-80% of the total

generated waste, having considerable potential value, if converted into compost

through composting. From the perspective of municipality, organic waste recycling

through composting not only reduces disposal costs and prolongs the life span of

disposal sites, but it also reduces adverse environmental impacts caused by landfill

sites. as the organics are mainly responsible for leachate contamination and methane

problems.


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ConclusionThere is a whole culture of waste disposal system that needs to be put in place-

from the micro level of household and neighborhood to the macro levels of city,state and nation. But we should keep this mind that rather than making a long-

term holistic approach, we can start it within our community and can create an

example for the whole country.

If we can start our waste disposal process at the micro level, like as community

based system then it can be easily manageable as well as it can create examples

for others. Most of the developed countries now a days are trying to rethinkingabout their waste disposal system and developing a wide range of system and

approach to minimize the environmental hazard as well as reaching a profitable

solutions using this wastes.

In our country, we can also dream for a better future, where our environment will

be protected as well as We can reach a sustainable solution by using waste, and

develop our entrepreneurial activities. Further this study tried only to develop a

theoretical model for better waste disposal system in Dhaka city. It needs a

complete empirical study to examine the feasibility of this model.


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REFERENCE

01 (Islam, M.S., Saifullah, A.S.M., Roy, S. and Dutta, S.,2011. Effects of socioeconomic factors on domestic solidwaste generation and dumping in Tangail Municipal Area.Environmental Sci. and Natural Resources. pp. 99-103.)

02("Bhuiya. G. M. J. A (2007). 1. Bangladesh. SolidWaste Management: Issues and Challenges in Asia,pg 28-32)

03 (BRAC University Journal, Vol. IV, No. 2, 2007, pp.

93-97)

UAP Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Vol. 1, No. 1, 2005

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DEPERMENT: CEEDSubmitted to: Nazmun NaharMD.MUHAIMNUL ISLAM SADI(1421087025)

PAGE:07,08,09,10,11,12,13

ABID HOSSAIN RAZA (1420967025)

PAGE: 01,02,03,04,05,06

NABIL SHAD LIKHON (1420676025)

PAGE:,14,15,16,17

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waste disposal system in dhaka city (prepared by muhaiminul islam sadi (northsouth university)

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