WARM UP (WRITE ANSWER BELOW WARM UP (WRITE ANSWER BELOW THE CHART I PASS OUT!)THE CHART I PASS OUT!)

Historians have their own definitions of what it Historians have their own definitions of what it means to be “civilized”.means to be “civilized”.

QUESTION: In your own words, define what it QUESTION: In your own words, define what it means to be “civilized” and “uncivilized”? Making means to be “civilized” and “uncivilized”? Making a chart would be best!a chart would be best!

Write your answer on the paper I provided!Write your answer on the paper I provided!

Civilization BeginsCivilization Begins

Chapter 1 Section 3Chapter 1 Section 3PP 15-19PP 15-19

EQ: What elements define a civilization?EQ: What elements define a civilization?

EIGHT Features of CivilizationEIGHT Features of CivilizationThe world’s first civilizations emerged primarily in fertile, The world’s first civilizations emerged primarily in fertile, warm and moist river valleys (Jordan, Nile, Indus, Niger, warm and moist river valleys (Jordan, Nile, Indus, Niger, Huang He)Huang He)Historians distinguish 8 features that classify a group of Historians distinguish 8 features that classify a group of people as “civilized”people as “civilized”

#1: Developed Cities#1: Developed Cities– Cities are mostly planned, with large dwellings or other buildings, Cities are mostly planned, with large dwellings or other buildings,

organized market areas, a religious center and other defined organized market areas, a religious center and other defined areasareas

#2: Organized Government#2: Organized Government– Means not just family leaders or chiefs, BUT people who rise to Means not just family leaders or chiefs, BUT people who rise to

consolidate power and make decisions on behalf of the peopleconsolidate power and make decisions on behalf of the people– Most claimed their rights came from the “heavens” or “gods”Most claimed their rights came from the “heavens” or “gods”– Became more complex as laws were written, taxes were Became more complex as laws were written, taxes were

collected, militaries and bureaucracies were established and collected, militaries and bureaucracies were established and territory expandedterritory expanded

EIGHT Features of CivilizationEIGHT Features of Civilization

#3: Complex religions#3: Complex religions– Early man worshipped spirits and animals (NOT COMPLEX)Early man worshipped spirits and animals (NOT COMPLEX)– Civilized man still worshipped these things, but gave them Civilized man still worshipped these things, but gave them

names and purposes and created rituals and ceremonies toonames and purposes and created rituals and ceremonies too– People were mainly People were mainly polytheisticpolytheistic (many gods) (many gods)

#4: Job Specialization#4: Job Specialization– Once people figured out farming only takes a few people, others Once people figured out farming only takes a few people, others

began to turn their attention to making stuffbegan to turn their attention to making stuff– Tool makers came first, then artisans (skilled craftworkers) who Tool makers came first, then artisans (skilled craftworkers) who

made clothes, pottery, jewelry, etc.made clothes, pottery, jewelry, etc.

#5: Social Classes#5: Social Classes– Formed as hierarchies based on wealth…the more you had, the Formed as hierarchies based on wealth…the more you had, the

higher up the social ladder you werehigher up the social ladder you were– Priests and nobles were at the top in most societies, then Priests and nobles were at the top in most societies, then

merchants, then peasants, then slavesmerchants, then peasants, then slaves

EIGHT Features of CivilizationEIGHT Features of Civilization

#6: Arts/Architecture#6: Arts/Architecture– Expressions of society in the style of buildings constructed to the Expressions of society in the style of buildings constructed to the

art on walls, pottery, sculptures, etc.art on walls, pottery, sculptures, etc.– Most represented religion (gods/goddesses) or important Most represented religion (gods/goddesses) or important

leadersleaders

#7: Public Works (Infrastructure)#7: Public Works (Infrastructure)– Irrigation systems, roads, bridges, defensive walls, food storage Irrigation systems, roads, bridges, defensive walls, food storage

systems, even early police departments and bankssystems, even early police departments and banks

#8: Writing#8: Writing– Speaking is great, but if you didn’t have writing in the Neolithic Speaking is great, but if you didn’t have writing in the Neolithic

Era, you WEREN’T civilizedEra, you WEREN’T civilized– Writings first took the form of Writings first took the form of pictogramspictograms (simple (simple

drawings/images/symbols)drawings/images/symbols)– ScribesScribes were trained to use writing back then for record keeping were trained to use writing back then for record keeping

for the highest members of societyfor the highest members of society

For the remainder of time…For the remainder of time…CROSSWORD PUZZLE on the back! CROSSWORD PUZZLE on the back! – Answers are all throughout Chapter 1Answers are all throughout Chapter 1Tomorrow & Monday: Film “Origins of Tomorrow & Monday: Film “Origins of Civilization”Civilization”– This sequel to “The First Farmers” will highlight an This sequel to “The First Farmers” will highlight an

early civilization with all the features we just learned early civilization with all the features we just learned about and how its ideas spread to other peoplesabout and how its ideas spread to other peoples

NEXT WEEK: A fun(ny) movie…focusing on NEXT WEEK: A fun(ny) movie…focusing on “civilized vs. uncivilized”“civilized vs. uncivilized”TEST NEXT FRIDAY (9/26)TEST NEXT FRIDAY (9/26)– Themes of GeographyThemes of Geography– Chapter OneChapter One– A REVIEW WILL BE HELD THURSDAYA REVIEW WILL BE HELD THURSDAY