warm-up: write a homework reminder! remember, you must include the analogy with the name of the...
TRANSCRIPT
Warm-Up:
Write a homework reminder! Remember, you must include the analogy with the name of the organelle and function - do QUALITY WORK!
Update your table of contents!
Date Session#
Activity Page#
2/6 & 2/9
3 Cellular Processes – Intro to STERNGRR 3
Quick Ticket Review
Cells contain organelles and each organelle has a specific function to keep the cell alive…lets see if you remember!
Quick Ticket Review
Makes the energy for the cell
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
Stores materials like water, nutrients
and waste
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
Sends proteins where they are
needed
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
Produces food energy through
photosynthesis
Quick Ticket Review
Semi-permeable barrier that controls
what enters or leaves
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
What does semi-permeable mean?
Quick Ticket Review
Provides structure and protection in
plant cells
Quick Ticket Review
Liquid that supports organelles and holds
them in place
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
Builds proteins
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
Controls the cell and contains the DNA
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
Packages and delivers materials to make proteins
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
Larger storage area found in plant cells
Quick Ticket Review
Digests or breaks down materials
Quick Ticket Review
What was the analogy?
Quick Ticket Review
3 organelles in a plant cell that are NOT in an animal
cell?
Quick Ticket Review
What is the function of the
chloroplast?
Quick Ticket Review
What is the function of the
cell wall?
Quick Ticket Review
What is the function of the
central vacuole?
Review
Take it back a little further…
Quick Ticket Review
The study of life
Quick Ticket Review
5 Characteristics of a Living Thing
Quick Ticket Review
A living thing made up of at least one cell
Quick Ticket Review
Organism made up of many cells
Quick Ticket Review
The smallest unit of any living thing
Quick Ticket Review
Organism made up of only one cell
Quick Ticket Review
Type of cell that has a nucleus
Quick Ticket Review
3 Points of The Cell Theory
Quick Ticket Review
Eukaryotic cells usually go with which type of
organism?
Quick Ticket Review
Type of cell that does not have a
nucleus
Quick Ticket Review
Prokaryotic cells go with which type of
organism?
Quick Ticket Review
Which organisms are Eukaryotic and
Unicellular?
Quick Ticket Review
What do all cells need to function?
Quick Ticket Review
How do plant cells make their energy?
Quick Ticket Review
How do animal cells make their energy?
5 Characteristics of a Living Thing -Expanded Details
Organized Structure - cells & their organelles - DNA/genetic codes
Grow and Develop – making new cells, repair of cells
Respond to Environment – adapts, reacts to stimuli
Reproduction – cells duplicating; producing offspring
Uses/needs energy – photosynthesis & cellular respiration
Cellular Processes:The processes we will discuss…STERNGRR!
1. Synthesis (photosynthesis would fit here)
2. Transport3. Excretion4. Regulation5. Nutrition6. Growth7. Respiration (cellular respiration would fit here)
8. ReproductionREFER TO YOUR INSIDE “CLUB CELL” NOTE
GUIDE TO HELP YOU PARTICIPATE!!
Synthesis How organisms build necessary materials Examples:
Protein Synthesis: making proteins Photosynthesis: plants make food using energy from sunlight
Synthesis
Main organelle(s) involved?
Transport
How organisms get what they need to cells (moving materials within the organism) Examples:
Active Transport vs. Passive Transport
Transport
Main organelle(s) involved?
Excretion
How organisms get rid/break down their waste and balance their fluids Examples:
Removing anything unnecessary from the cell
Excretion
Main organelle(s) involved?
Regulation
How organisms control body processes Examples:
Important to homeostasis - to maintain balance within the body and adapt to changes
Sweating – reduces body temperature
Regulation
Main organelle(s) involved?
Sweating – reduces body temperature
Nutrition How organisms get or obtain food Examples:
Fungi decompose dead remains (decomposer) Plants make their own food (autotroph) Animals consume other organisms and absorb food (heterotroph)
Nutrition
Main organelle(s) invovled?
Growth
How organisms make new cells and develop and repair necessary body parts Example: Increase in the number or size of cells (Mitosis)
Grow – to get larger in size; body size
Develop – to change due to hormonal or mental cues
Growth
Main organelle(s) involved?
Grow – to get larger in size; body size
Develop – to change due to hormonal or mental cues
Respiration
How organisms make usable energy
Example:
Respiration
Main organelle(s) involved?
Example:
Reproduction Organisms produce offspring to prevent extinctionExamples:
Mitosis, Meiosis or Binary Fission Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction
Reproduction
Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?
A Gummy Situation We are going to use your gummy bear to
demonstrate some of the cellular processes and vocabulary next class.
Name your gummy bear, and write the name on the masking tape.
Fill your container with water – enough to cover a gummy bear, but not so much that it will spill out when you place the bear in!
Put your bear in the water filled container, put the lid on, and put the masking tape label over the lid.
A Gummy Situation Part 1: Create a Hypothesis…
If I leave my gummy bear baby in water until next class, then…..because…..
Classwork/Homework:Work on your own illustrated set of analogies for the organelles inside an animal cell, and you must include:Name & function of each organelle!Illustration for each organelle we covered in class!Explanation of the analogy!
Example: If your theme was school: The principal would be the nucleus
because they control the school and make decisions like the nucleus does in the cell.
Warm-Up: Write your homework – get it
stamped! Put your Cell Analogies in the
basket, or make sure they are submitted electronically!
What does each letter of STERNGRR represent?
Date Session#
Activity Page#
2/10 & 2/11
4 STERNGRR Cellular Processes – In Depth 4
Cellular ProcessesCellular processes are things needed to keep the cell alive!
1. Synthesis – as in photosynthesis2. Respiration – as in Cellular Respiration3. Transport
Active Passive
DiffusionOsmosis
4. Reproduction – as in mitosis, meiosis & binary fission
1. Photosynthesis
Process that plant cells use to make energy!
Reactants Process Products
Carbon DioxideWaterEnergy (sunlight)
The chloroplasts take the sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make food
Sugars (glucose) Oxygen
Chemical Formula for Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy from Sunlight ---> 6O2 + C6H12O6
STOP & THINK: Is this endothermic or exothermic?
2. Cellular Respiration
Process animal cells use to make energy!
Reactants Process Products
Sugars (glucose)Oxygen
The mitochondria takes the sugar and the oxygen and makes energy
Carbon DioxideWaterEnergy (ATP)
Chemical Formula for Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
STOP & THINK: Is this endothermic or exothermic?
Turn & Talk:Cellular Respiration Question
Why do you breathe more when you’re running around than when you’re sitting watching television?
Cellular Respiration Answer
Because you’re requiring more energy when you run than when you’re just sitting watching TV right?
So if you need more energy, then you need more oxygen to give you that energy so your cells undergo respiration!
3. TRANSPORT Things have to move in and out
of the cell
There are 2 types of transportActive TransportPassive Transport
Remember: Which organelle allows things to enter or leave the cell?
Active VS. Passive
Materials are moved in and out of cell using the cell’s energy
Materials are moved in and out of cell WITHOUT using the cell’s energyRemember:
Which organelle makes the energy for the cell again?
What is that process called when the cell makes energy?
Passive Transport
The cell uses 2 main processes to passively move materials in and out of the cell. Diffusion Osmosis
Diffusion
Process by which molecules spread out Move from areas of HIGH
concentration to LOW concentration
BUT WHY??
Equilibrium
Molecules don’t like to be crowded, so they spread out, or diffuse, until their concentration is equal everywhere, which is called equilibrium.
Diffusion Demo
Turn & Talk:Diffusion Questions
What happens when you add Kool-Aid powder to water?
What happens when you keep adding water or when you keep adding Kool-Aid?
Diffusion Review Answer The Kool-Aid begins to diffuse
throughout the water until the Kool-Aid reaches equilibrium.
The Kool-Aid becomes less concentrated (both the color and the flavor) as you add more water, or more concentrated as you add more Kool-Aid.
Osmosis
The diffusion of water through a membrane
Remember:
Which organelle would store water in the cell??
Which organelle would the water have to pass through to enter the cell again?
Turn & Talk:Osmosis Question
Why do your hands get wrinkly when you’re in the water for a long time?
Osmosis Review Answer
When your hands are in water for a long period time you wash off the oily substance that keeps water from entering your skin. So once that oily layer is washed away your skin becomes semi-permeable and water passes through the membrane, which is osmosis. Your hands become wrinkly because they are trying to reach equilibrium with the water, but only some of your skin is actually attached to the tissue underneath!!
BONUS – it is an evolutionary adaptation that helps us grip wet objects!
A Gummy Situation Part 2
Let’s take a break and check on our Gummy Bear Babies…
Using the following vocabulary words, explain what happened to your baby: Transport (distinguish whether it is
active or passive) Osmosis Diffusion/Diffuse Concentration Equilibrium
4. Reproduction
What is the difference between…MitosisMeiosisBinary Fission
4. Mitosis - Asexual The reproductive
process to ensure an organism can grow and repair itself
New cell is an exact copy of original cell
Creates every type of cells OTHER than sex cells!
4. Meiosis - Sexual The reproductive
process to ensure offspring are created
The combination of
genetic material from 2 different cells
Creates sex cells ONLY!
4. Binary Fission - Asexual
Most common form of reproduction in prokaryotic cells and some single-celled eukaryotic organisms
This is how bacteria replicate so quickly!
Turn & Talk:Mitosis & Binary Fission
Why do you think it is important for the DNA/chromosomes to be copied before the cell divides?
How binary fission similar to mitosis?
Tie it all Together… For the cells to carry out all of these
STERNGRR processes, what do they need?
How do we get that energy for them to use?
Do all foods give us the same nutrients and therefore amount of energy?
So, how do we ensure that our cells stay healthy and are able to function?
HOMEWORK
Bring in a nutrition label from any food next class…feel free to bring extras for those who “forget!”