Warm Up

What makes an effective leader?

HITLER IN GERMANY

Lecture 38

CRISIS IN POST WAR GERMANYPolitical Crisis Economic Crisis

Weimar Republic Democratic government

set up after WWI Problem:

Germans blamed Weimar Gov. for the Treaty of Versailles Losing War Guilt Reparations

Germans blamed economic problems on Weimar Gov.

Inflation sustained rise in the level of

prices Germany did not raise

taxes during WWI like other countries Printed more money

Reparations Germans owe Allied

Powers $33 billion Great Depression

Unemployment = 35% (6 mil)

Anxiety

GERMANY AFTER WW1

Hitler’s Youth Born April 20, 1889 in Austria Whipped daily by his father Did poorly in school

To get back at father, dropped out in 9th grade

Wanted to be a painter Denied entry into art school

Fought in WWI Temporarily blinded by gas Decorated twice for bravery

Infuriated by German defeat Entered politics to return glory to

his nation

INTRO TO HITLER Many turn to Adolf Hitler

Leader of the Nationalist Socialist Party (Nazis) Hates the Weimar Republic

In 1923, Hitler tries to seize power in Munich FAILS - jailed for 5 years Writes Mein Kampf (My Struggles)

Book of Nazi goals and ideas

HITLER’S IDEAS Germans are superior

Aryans (light-skinned Europeans) are “master race”

Jews are enemies of Germany responsible for all of Germany’s problem

Treaty of Versailles is wrong Germany must regain the lands taken from them Germany must expand – needs “living space”

HITLER’S RISE TO POWER

Hitler runs for President of Germany - 1933 Narrowly loses

Hitler appointed Chancellor 1934 – President dies Hitler becomes Fuhrer (dictator) of Germany

HITLER AS DICTATOR

Hitler turns Germany into Totalitarian State All other political parties banned

Secret police (Gestapo) use terror & violence Executes those Hitler felt were disloyal

No free speech Critics terrorized into silence

THE MASTER RACE Hitler Youth

Schools taught Nazi racial ideas P.E. programs to prepare boys for war

Women Expected to produce “pure-blooded Aryan” children Lack of equality and rights

Purifying German Culture Non-German art, music & literature banned

THIRD REICH Hitler wants to build a new Germany

Third Reich – 3rd empire German master race would dominate Europe

Treaty of Versailles Ignored Ends reparation payments Rebuilds the military and air force Begins making weapons