warm-up what do you know about the trans-atlantic slave trade? essential question: what effect did...
TRANSCRIPT
Warm-Up What do YOU know about the Trans-Atlantic
Slave Trade?
Essential Question: What effect did slavery have on the development of African countries?
"Take up the White Man's Burden-
Send forth the best ye breed-
Go blind your sons to exile
To serve your captives' need..."
-Joseph Rudyard Kipling
Portuguese Traders Age of Exploration Europeans were in search of a new route to
India. Arrived in the 1400s for gold, cotton, and
ivory By the 1650s, the slave trade was the most
lucrative enterprise
Slavery Common in ancient China, Mesopotamia,
Greece, and Rome Arabs, Egyptians, and Kushites all held slaves Slave caravans were a common sight in East
Africa and the Sahara NO TRADE in slaves was more extensive or
more brutal than the TRANS-ATLANTICTRANS-ATLANTIC trade that took place between 1600-1800s.
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Estimated range between 10-20 million Africans were transported during this period
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
4,000,000
BrazilCaribbeanSpanish coloniesUS and CanadaEurope
Portuguese traders bought slaves in Benin and the Niger delta to sell elsewhere.
Slaves were needed for sugar plantations in Latin America and Caribbean at first, then others were used in North America
How were the slaves obtained?
Traders organized and operated their own slave raids.
Traders bought slaves from African kings and chiefs. Some were prisoners of wars between tribes Some tribes raided other groups’ villages in order
to capture slaves to sell Some sold their own family members or
themselves
Triangular Trade
Europeans brought goods (usually guns and trinkets) to Africa in exchange for slaves
Slaves were brought to plantations in S. America, Caribbean, and U.S.
Sugar, rum, tobacco, and molasses were shipped to Europe to trade for manufactured products
Triangular TradeTriangular Trade
The order of trade during the slave trade
First Leg- Goods from Europe to African kings for slaves
Second- Export of slaves to western hemisphere
Third- Return of goods from Americas to Europe
The order of trade during the slave trade
First Leg- Goods from Europe to African kings for slaves
Second- Export of slaves to western hemisphere
Third- Return of goods from Americas to Europe
The Middle Passage
The slave trade took several triangular routes. Over one route, ships from Europe transported manufactured goods to the west coast of Africa. There, traders exchanged the goods for slaves. Next, the slaves were carried across the Atlantic Ocean to the West Indies and sold for huge profits. This part of the route was called the Middle Passage. The traders used much of their earnings to buy sugar, coffee, and tobacco in the West Indies. The ships then took these products to Europe.
The Middle Passage
Trans-Atlantic Exports By Region(1450-1900)
Region Number of slaves accounted for %
Senegambia 479,900 4.7 Upper Guinea 411,200 4.0 Windward Coast 183,200 1.8 Gold Coast 1,035,600 10.1 Blight of Benin 2,016,200 19.7 Blight of Biafra 1,463,700 14.3 West Central 4,179,500 40.8 South East 470,900 4.6
Total 10,240,200 100.0
Trans-Atlantic Imports By Region (1450-1900) Region Number of slaves
accounted for %
Brazil 4,000,000 35.4 Spanish Empire 2,500,000 22.1 British West Indies 2,000,000 17.7 French West Indies 1,600,000 14.1 British North America and United States 500,000 4.4 Dutch West Indies 500,000 4.4 Danish West Indies 28,000 0.2 Europe (and Islands) 200,000 1.8
Total11,328,000100.0